Kuyini kolwandle ejulile emhlabeni?

Uke ucabange mayelana Empeleni, lapho kukhona ulwandle ejulile emhlabeni? Yiziphi izici zayo? Ophila khona? Ayikho? Futhi ngingathanda?

Izimpendulo yonke le mibuzo ungathola kangcono izinto kwe-athikili.

Isigaba 1. Kuyini kolwandle?

Ngaphambi usitshele kolwandle ejulile emhlabeni, sinikeza incazelo kakhulu umqondo. Ngakho, ngaphansi kolwandle kusho ukuthi ingxenye ulwandle nezwe, ahlukaniswe umhlaba noma sezwe kwamanzi awalethe.

Ngokuvamile, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi kusukela umhlaba nolwandle ulwandle ezahlukene imibuso zezulu, sezulu kwamanzi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ngokuvamile basuke esisogwini emaphethelweni izilwandle ngenxa zokuxhumana elinganiselwe ngengxenye evulekile isikhala amanzi sizalwa nawo kubo kancane amanzi exchange.

Futhi incazelo yencwadi geography uthi ngaphansi kolwandle kufanele baqonde omningi amanzi usawoti, okuyinto ixhunywe igobolondo amanzi Zomhlaba, noma Elikhulu Salt Lake, kuyinto awavikelekile neze kusukela izilwandle zomhlaba futhi ayinaso yokuxhuma.

Ukuze nomunye olwandle, yebo, bayehluka e flora yabo ezilwaneni nasezimileni.

Isigaba 2: Philippine Sea

Manje, mhlawumbe, yimuphi umfundi angenza igama kolwandle ejulile emhlabeni. Lokhu Philippine, esemgwaqweni phakathi eziqhingini entshonalanga yePacific. Ngenxa ofudumele amanzi lapha ine lokushisa kwemini ²⁵ ° C no-usawoti izindawo ifinyelela 35,1%.

Ukujula enkulu ezilotshwe Mariana Trench , noma okuthiwa Mariana Trench. Mhlawumbe wonke umuntu okungenani kanye empilweni yakhe wezwa leli phuzu emephini. Futhi abaqondisi cinema yesimanje ngokuvamile abahlala izilo yakhe engabonakali, izinhlanzi ezingavamile, zimbozwe nezimfihlakalo netiphicaphicwano.

I yalesi emseleni ukujula 11 022 m. Nokho, lezi la manani awukulinganisela. Ezinye izazi bagcizelele ukuthi empeleni lesi sibalo cishe isintu okukhulu nje okwamanje ngobuchwepheshe isilungele nesilinganiso lezi izingxenye.

Phakathi naleso sikhathi, kolwandle ejulile emhlabeni has ziqhingi kakhulu engaphezu kwengu-nesikhombisa namakhulu izimbali ocebile ezilwaneni nasezimileni.

Phakathi zako Ungakhetha esiyingqayizivele Pangaskhanskie izimpophoma, amachibi, izintabamlilo emihumeni ocebile undersea zezwe, eyethulwe imikhomo, ulwandle izinkomo, izimfudu, oshaka, amahlengethwa, stingrays omkhulu, eels nezinye Japanese.

Isigaba 3. Coral Sea

Uma sikhuluma ngalokho kuba olwandle olujulile eNingizimu Nenkabazwe, akunakwenzeka ingasaphathwa Coral. Itholakala ezishisayo zasePacific Ocean futhi ihlanganisa indawo engaphezu kuka-5 million square metres. km. Ezinye ukucindezeleka ukutholwa ososayensi e ekujuleni yayo ukufinyelela ka 9000 m ukujula.

Ayisebenzi, ke osuka ogwini-Australia eSolomon Islands, iziqhingi aseNew Guinea i-New Hebrides, enyakatho-ntshonalanga aphume e-Indian Ocean.

Amanzi olwandle unyaka wonke is kahle sekuqala ukufudumala. Ngenyanga lokushisa zokhahlamba kusuka 20 ^o C +28 ^o C.

Igama Sea Coral akuyona ngephutha. Ngenxa yobuningi yamakhorali amakoloni futhi izixhobo, iziqhingi, iziqhingi omile-coral polyp, futhi wathola igama layo.

By endleleni, ungakhohlwa ukuthi kule ngxenye izilwandle zomhlaba, kukhona coral isakhiwo elikhulu planethi - eGreat Barrier Reef. Kuze kube manje, ububanzi 60 kuya ku-80 km, futhi welula okuhamba kuqondane nogu-Australia at ibanga 30-60 km ukusuka ogwini km kuka 2,000. Ososayensi bathi le akuyona mkhawulo, ngoba njalo ngonyaka kuba zamakhorali kuphela ngaphezulu.

Ngaphezu izinhlobo ezahlukene yamakhorali, oshaka nezinkalankala, it is owakhiwe abameleli abaningi emhlabeni ngaphansi kwamanzi: ulwandle anemones, inkanyezi, inkomo, sea urchin zidla, endizayo, ulwandle ukhukhamba, giant wasolwandle, amafudu, clams, ezinobuthi itshe inhlanzi-prilipialy izinhlanzi pteroisy nabanye.

Isigaba 4: Tasman Sea

Phakathi ogwini esiqhingini New Zealand nase-Australia naseNingizimu Pacific, itholakala kwenye kolwandle ejulile emhlabeni - Tasman.

Indawo 3340 sq. km ungathi ukuma rhombus. Kwezinye izindawo, sifinyelela izinombolo enkulu 6,000 m. Ngisho Kunzima ukucabanga ukuthi lokhu ngokunembile ibanga esesikhundleni izithathe ukuze ixazulule leyo ezindizayo indiza, isibonelo, kusuka eMoscow kuya eKhabarovsk ukujula.

I kwesimo sezulu ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene kolwandle kuyahluka kakhulu. Kungani lokhu kwakwenzeka? Into wukuthi kuba ngokwendawo zokuzamazama ezahlukene zezulu.

Ingaphezulu amanzi olwandle enyakatho lifudumeza kuze kufinyelele +27 ^{° C,} eningizimu - ehlobo nje +15 ^{° C} futhi ebusika lehla +9 ° ^C. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi uhlobo Tasman zasolwandle kuyafana ukwehluka Coral.

Izwe kwamanzi kwenziwa yamakhorali, oshaka, iziqhingi, isidoda imikhomo, imikhomo, killer nama, tuna, mackerel nezinye izidalwa eziningi sea.

Isigaba 5. Banda Sea

Entshonalanga, iPacific Ocean iyona Sea Banda, eStraits okuyinto ixhunywe kwezinye izingxenye ulwandle nezwe.

endaweni yaso 714 ayizinkulungwane. ^km2. Ngomqondo onabile, kubhekwa olwandle olujulile nge ka 7440 m ukujula esiphezulu, kuyilapho isilinganiso siyizinsuku 2737 m, okungukuthi cishe iyafana ukuthi kolwandle ejulile ukugeza Russia, - .. Bering.

Ososayensi bathole ukuthi le ayimigodi 6 Banda, kusale ibanga ngaphezu ka 4000 m ukujula. Bonke amabanga ahlukaniswe kanye imibundu.

Esinye isici esiphawuleka yayingase ibizwe ngokuthi u yokuthi kolwandle itholakala endaweni asebenzayo mlilo umsebenzi, ngakho iningi siqhingi ukuqhuma kwezintaba-mlilo.

Banda Sea has a flora ahlukahlukene nezilwane ezihlukahlukene yezindawo ezicebe kakhulu, okwethulwa ezihlukahlukene izinhlanzi lobehlukene, imibala kanye bobunjwa. eziphilayo Marine baphile ikakhulukazi kule ugu zone engajulile.

Phakathi ngabameli izwe ngaphansi kwamanzi kukhona izinhlobo ezahlukene phansi futhi izixhobo oshaka, stingrays, Stingray, eels Moray, amakhorali, izinkanyezi ziyaqothuka, ulwandle anemones, ulwandle izinyoka, sea urchin zidla, izinkanyezi nokunye.

Isigaba 6. Caribbean

Entshonalanga, Atlantic Ocean eduze nenkabazwe itholakala Caribbean neziqhingi eziningi, olunesihlabathi, amanzi ecacile, kushisa bhé, ukuphila okwanelisayo zasolwandle kanye nezindawo olunothile.

Cishe, akunakwenzeka ukuba umuntu kusukela abahambi yesimanje ukuqaphela ukuthi, ngokuya lapha eholidini, bobabili nethuba ukuvakashela omunye kwezilwandle kwangempela emhlabeni.

Sea izinga lokushisa isilinganiso amanzi uhlala cishe enjalo lonke nyaka, ezisukela +23 ^o C +28 ^o C.

Lihlala kwezinhlobo ezahlukene izinhlanzi mayelana 500, phakathi okuyizinto uGoliyati inhlanzi, fish, upholi inhlanzi, eels Moray, eziningana zezinyoni ezingavamile oshaka, amahlengethwa, isidoda imikhomo, imikhomo.

Isigaba 7. I Bering Sea - kolwandle ejulile eRussia

Bering Sea - ingenye yezinto eziphilayo kakhulu eziphila elikhiqizayo futhi ahlukahlukene emhlabeni.

Itholakala phakathi Russia nase-Alaska, futhi kube kufanele unesiqu esithi "The ejulile Arctic Sea."

endaweni yaso angaba inkulungwane km ^2.

Ngokuvamile, kolwandle yakhiwa Arctic amanzi ase-Arctic. Kuyamangalisa ukuthi unothile kakhulu eziphilayo eziphilayo yayo. Nokho, kusobala, yilabo okungenzeka physiologically ehlala enjalo okushisa aphansi.

Ochwepheshe wazi ukuthi kukhona zonke izimo zaba khona abangaphezu kuka-450 nezinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezingu-, molluscs, ezinamagobolondo, imikhomo, amahlengethwa, walruses, izimvu zamanzi, sea izingonyama, amabhere, ezingaphezu kuka-200 zezinyoni kusuka wonke amazwekazi futhi 26 zezilwane ezincelisayo zasolwandle.

Bering Sea - owodwa wemizimba ngobukhulu semi okuvalelwe yamanzi, kungagcini emikhawulweni amazwekazi amabili, okuyinto ubhekwa isandiso enyakatho ezimbili kuyiPacific Ocean.