Kuyini izinga refinancing of Bank of Russia, futhi siyini lingakanani?

Kuyini izinga refinancing of Bank of Russia? Kuyindaba ekhathaza zezomnotho bamazwe kanye abahwebi, ngisho abameleli komkhakha wamabhange. Singasho ukuthi izinga imele format imali supply Central Bank of the Russian Federation weemali ezincane. Central Bank inikeza ayeyiboleke izikhungo zezimali kwezohwebo, elibuye njengokukwethembisa kwakhe, utsheleke ngabanye (izakhamuzi) nezinhlangano ezingokomthetho (izinkampani, amabhizinisi kanye nezinhlangano).

Izinga refinancing practice

Ukuze uzwisise kahle lokho refinancing izinga Bank of Russia, cabangela indlela leli notshwala imali ukunyakaza ngokukhululekile. izikhungo Commercial zezimali thatha imali CBR ezikweletini. Ngokwesibonelo, ama-dollar ayisigidi. Ngemva konyaka, ilungu esihle kohlelo lwezezimali kufanele ubuyisele CBR ukuboleka eyodwa esigidini sama-dollar kanye nenzalo ukusetshenziswa kwaso. Lamanje refinancing izinga Bank of Russia futhi sizohlala ngaleyo ndlela iphesenti ukuthi kumele akhokhe yebhange elincane kwezohwebo, ngaphezu uthishanhloko. Kuwo lo nyaka, kuyilapho isikhungo esincane zezimali isebenzisa imali CBR, inikeza ayeyiboleke ngabanye kanye namabhizinisi ngaphansi iphesenti okungukuthi refinancing elingaphezulu kakhulu kwaleli. Umehluko phakathi ngesilinganiso Central Bank futhi inani lenzalo lapho imali unika isakhiwo commercial, futhi kukhona inzuzo yokugcina. ukubolekisa nokudayisa, futhi bonke abahlanganyeli ukuthola icebo labo imali.

Kungani CBR ngeke isebenze ne izakhamuzi ngqo?

CBR ngeke zisebenze abantu abazimele kanye zomthetho ngqo ngoba ivolumu ukuthengiselana kulencane zezimali kuwukuthi izigidi, ngisho amashumi namakhulu ezigidi zamarandi namuhla. amanani okunjalo ngoba osomabhizinisi umane unmanageable. izikhungo ezincane zezimali khulumela umlamuli wakuqala isakhiwo abolekise sabantu. Ukuze yisikhungo sezinhlangano eziphambili zezezimali - kuba ithuba ukuze uthole. Abasebenzisi yena, ukuthola usizo lwezimali izinga ngokusebenzisa uhlelo olubanzi amagatsha kanye namahhovisi, khona izakhiwo kanye inqwaba ATM. Ucabange ukuthi ubukhulu Bank of Russia refinancing izinga kuyoba ulingana 10%. Kulokhu, umphakathi kanye namabhizinisi uzothola ukubolekisa kweminyaka engu-18%. Ngenxa yalokho, abaphathi bebhange uzothola inzuzo net in inani 8% kwekhokhelo ingqikithi ukusetshenziswa kwezimali.

Ivunyelwe uma labantu babo ngokukhipha ingxenye enkulu esiphezulu?

izikhungo ezincane zezimali zingaba ukuboleka imali Central Bank ngo-ongaphakeme zenzalo, kanye labantu bakwazi ukudlulisa imali ngaphansi iphesenti ukuthi bafuna. Kwakucatshangwa ukuthi kwakungenzeka lokhu likhona. Nokho, kudingeka sinake futhi mncintiswano, muva nje lapho sesibe Russian emkhakheni wezezimali phezu kokuqina. Too eziphezulu zenzalo angenze amakhasimende. Sesixoxile kakade ngemibhalo ngalokho izinga refinancing Bank of Russia. Kwenzeka ukuthi oda eziningana ezihlanganisa leliphasi kunaleyo litholakale isakhamuzi abavamile yezwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iziphakamiso of iningi izakhiwo commercial musa ihluke kakhulu. Kukhona okuhlukile emakethe. Ngokwesibonelo, zokuthenga ngesikweletu bekwi umthengi abolekise ezitolo ezinkulu kanye credit card ngokusebenzisa, ungasetha ngesilinganiso 30 ku-70%. Cinga amaklayenti esekelwe Psychology abantu abafuna ukuthenga okuthile. Is they, ngenxa yokuntuleka ngezezimali, bavumelane kancane ngakho inzuzo ngokubambisana.

Kangakanani izinga refinancing?

Izinga refinancing we Central Bank of Russia kunqunywa ecabangela izici ezimbili. Lona isimo langempela zomnotho kuleli zwe futhi izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali. Njengoba kwanda wenzuzo ezikhulayo izinga. Ngu ukwehlisa ukwenyuka kuncipha. Isimo angabhekwa ngaphesheya. Lapho inani lenzalo Bank of Russia refinancing uphansi, labantu has ithuba lokujabulela izinzuzo imali zamanani aphansi. Ukulinganisela kubo zehliswa kakhulu kule nkathi, abantu babezimisele ukuba libambisane naye, ngoba bangathenga noma yini abayifunayo, ngesikhathi ngokweqile okungenani. izinzuzo ngamanye kanye namabhizinisi ukuthi ungacela uxhaso ngenxa yomsebenzi wabo. Ukuhlanganyela ibhizinisi lemali "ezishibhile" kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukukhiqiza lemiqulu emikhulu imikhiqizo eminye ukuthola ukubuyiselwa okusezingeni eliphezulu emva ekwenzeni lokho okuhleliwe.

Njengoba izinga ibonisa isimo somnotho isimo?

Izinga refinancing of Central Bank of the Russian Federation uba uhlobo inkomba isimo emnothweni kazwelonke kanye namazinga zabantu abaphilayo. Ngezinye amaphesenti ongaphakeme sokubolekwayo kubantu kubonakala ezandleni inani elikhulu izimali. Kwakheka isidingo esikhulu yezimpahla ngokuqondene amathuba ukuthenga zabo. Ngenxa yalokho, ngemva kwesikhathi izimpahla sebeqala yenyuka intengo ngenxa yokuntuleka yabo. Isimo oyenza kwamandla emali. Lena inqubo ukwehla kwentengo imali, khomba ithuba ukuthenga inani elihlukile kwezimpahla e esilinganayo. izinga lokwehla kwamandla emali Iningi ibonisa inhlalakahle yabantu. Ayanda score, ephansi ayanda ezingeni inhlalakahle kanye izikhalazo. Izinga refinancing we National Bank kushintsha njalo, njengoba emali is kushintshwe ngazo. Ukumisa ukwehla kwentengo imali, izinga ukwanda, okuholela ukwanda izindleko ukubolekisa, ukunciphisa isidingo kubo, futhi ukwehla nakwentiwa.

amazinga Ukuxhumana kanye intela

Ngaphezu abolekise, izinga refinancing of Central Bank of the Russian Federation ngenkuthalo esetshenziswa emkhakheni intela. Ngokwesibonelo, kufanele ishiwo intela imali evela idiphozi akhawunti, inzalo ngalo ingaphezu kwe-Izinga refinancing ngaphezu kuka-5 ngemaphesenti. Ngokwesibonelo, uma izinga refinancing kuyoba ulingana 10% kanye idiphozi izinga 15%, asikho isidingo ukukhokha intela. Uma izinga idiphozi kuyoba ulingana 20%, kuzodingeka ukuba sikhokhe intela isimo in inani 35% we ngokweqile 5% of idiphozi.

amazinga Ukuxhumana kanye nemithwalo yemfanelo abaqashi

Njengoba sihlola refinancing izinga Bank of Russia, kuyafaneleka ukusho ukuthi ke uba ithuluzi, okuyinto isisekelo sokunquma isinxephezelo, okuyinto ukubeka umsebenzi ngesikhathi yokukhokha sekwedlule isikhathi inkokhelo, ngesikhathi ukubambezeleka lokudayisa noma izimali kumele ukukhokhela izisebenzi uma ukuxoshwa. Ngokuhambisana nomthetho isiRashiya, umqashi kufanele akhokhe imali egcwele izikweletu, ukuze okuyinto wanezela isinxephezelo yemali, kubalwa ngesisekelo izinga. Ngeke kube ngaphansi kuka 1/300 of the rate refinancing ngalunye usuku kokulibala. Inkomba isetshenziselwa ukubala inhlawulo, okuyinto icala njengoba isigwebo ngesikhathi abantu ababalekela ukukhokha intela kanye nezinye izindleko.

Esigxotsheni ngesiRashiya

Isimo samanje emhlabeni kwenza imithetho yayo siqu. Inkinga kwezomnotho Sinzima ophoqelelwe amabhange eRussia uya isicelo ngosizo lwezimali Central Bank. Uboleka ubavumele ukuhambisana ngokugcwele nezibopho zayo kumakhasimende. Ukukhokhelwa ngaphansi amaphesenti izakhiwo commercial ngokuthi refinancing. Ngokokuqala ngqá Russian Bank izinga refinancing wafika ngo-1993. Kuyo ehlelekile washintsha iminyaka 10. Russia uye wafuna njalo ukukhulisa zokunciphisa lokhu Inkomba, kuze ezingeni lamazwe ahamba phambili. Ikakhulukazi, eJapane izinga kuyinto 0.1%, eveza ngokugcwele ezingeni eliphezulu ukuthuthukiswa isimo. ERussia, inani lenzalo kuyinto 8,25%, okuyinto anda ngokuyisisekelo sihluke ngesilinganiso Melika, ku isimo emazweni ezihlukahlukene kakhulu.

Kuyini izinga refinancing, eqinisweni?

Okwazekayo, izinga refinancing eRussia ukuba njengethuluzi elinamandla kakhulu for beqhuba komgomo wokuboleka amabhange ngezimali. Ishintshe kumele kwenziwe ukuze alawule nenani imali, futhi leyo mali kunemtselela wonke amazwe. Kungenzeka ukuba uqaphele ukuthi ithuluzi alisetshenziswa, kusukela yokugcina izinga kwenzeka ushintsho ku-2012. Ayisebenzi emkhakheni komgomo wokuboleka amabhange ngezimali, izinga eziphoqelelwe isigxivizo phezu yentela. WokuLawula nenani kwezimali kuleli zwe ngezithukuthuku kwekhabhoni. Empeleni, ubukhulu Inkomba kanye nenani izimali - ukubaluleka kakhulu ze-non-abasizanayo. Ukusho okungaphezulu, cishe okuphambene ngokuphelele futhi azibonisi nomunye. abahlaziyi abaningi ukubona inkinga isimo nokungathuthuki njengoba amazinga kanye nokudingekile Reserve. amabhizinisi Ngisho kuthiwa zokweboleka kusukela izimali Central Bank, kusukela ngosuku nanye repo rate. Ngokusho lokhu inkomba ekhishwe ayeyiboleke ngabanye nezinhlangano ezingokomthetho. Kungaphawulwa ukuthi izinga refinancing akuyona ngaphezu Okusemthethweni, ithuluzi declarative, hhayi ukuhlinzeka negalelo elihle kunqubomgomo malini isimo.