-Java afanayo enezintambo. Ukuhlunga array Java. Amalungu afanayo iyimidwebo Java

Ngo izinhlelo umkhuba, kunenqwaba amaqoqo ehlukene kanye nezinhlobo idatha uhlelo okungatholakala ukusetshenziswa futhi ngawo uhlelo nihlela ukucubungula ulwazi.

nedatha ngezilimi izinhlelo

Iyingxenye ebalulekile izilimi eziningi zokuhlela, echaza ubukhulu kanye nezici idatha egcinwe endaweni ethize inkumbulo indawo, iqinisekisa ukusetshenziswa ngemfanelo kohlelo inqubo ukuqaliswa ngumuntu operation enqunyiwe.

Ngokwesibonelo, omunye eliyisisekelo izinhlobo idatha inamba eziguquguqukayo. Zingaba sisayiniwe okuphambene nalokho, njengoba igama ngokwayo kakade inikeza ulwazi okuqukethwe yeseli ezinjalo.

Ngaphezu eziguquguqukayo inamba, kukhona analogue izinombolo elintantayo-iphuzu ezisetshenziswa ukumela izinto eziningi ngempela. Ekugcineni, lo okuthiwa bakudala izinhlobo idatha kukhona string nobunjalo eziguquguqukayo futhi izeluleko. Zonke ndawonye kuba into yasendulo engavamile ulimi iyunithi.

izakhiwo idatha

Ephakeme inhlangano ezingeni izinhlelo ubhekwa inyunyana eziningana bakudala Uhlobo lwedatha amayunithi ku isakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi. lo esivame kakhulu okubizwa ngokuthi i-Java-afanayo anezigaba oluyinhlanganisela. Ungaphinde ukhethe uhlu, tuples, kushe futhi emigqeni.

Umehluko omkhulu amaqoqo ukuthi banikezele ukufinyelela okungahleliwe izakhi zalo. Nokho, ukuthi le nkinga itholakala lokuthi ukuthi ubukhulu kufanele kwenzeke ukuba akhombise ngokunembile isakhiwo Ukuqalisa isigaba. Lokhu kusimo siqedwa endaweni izinhlobo eziyinkimbinkimbi wedatha, isib, kule zinhlu. izinhlelo ezinjalo unekhono ngamandla ukwandisa ne ukwengeza izakhi ezintsha, kodwa ukufinyelela kudatha kuzo kuthatha isikhathi esiningi.

Ngo yesimanje izilimi eziningi zokuhlela, zonke lezi zakhiwo abakhona futhi sinendima ebalulekile ekusebenzeni zombili izinhlelo zokusebenza kanye semvelo uqobo. Futhi Java - iyathinteka.

I-Java ulimi lokwakha izinhlelo. unit main

Java kuyinto ngokunamandla uyithayiphe ulimi lokwakha izinhlelo bytecode eyehlayo ngaphakathi ewumshini elikuvumela ukwenza imisebenzi bese uthole umphumela ngendlela efanayo kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ikhompyutha izakhiwo kanye okusebenza izinhlelo.

Ukukhululwa yakamuva ulimi Java has eziyisishiyagalombili izinhlobo bakudala: eziphusile eziphusile, ephelele ibhayithi, ephelele, dlala, eside, izinhlobo elintantayo-iphuzu izinombolo, emelelwa iflothi futhi double nobunjalo wezinhlamvu.

-Java afanayo iqoqo elilodwa uhlobo idatha itholakala inkumbulo nomunye nokuba nenombolo ye-sequence (Inkomba) lapho uMklami noma uhlelo angafinyelela izinto ngazinye agcinwe afanayo. Kwezinamba kumamenyu kuqala kuphawu ne Inkomba oholayo (element lokuqala) futhi abaqhubeke umuntu ngamunye okwalandela. Ngesikhathi esifanayo Java-afanayo inikeza ukufinyelela okungahleliwe kudatha - Ikhodi yomsebenzisi ungafinyelela kunoma imiphi elementi afanayo, kungakhathaliseki indawo yayo ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo.

izinto

Ungakhohlwa ukuthi Java - ngokuyinhloko ulimi izinhlelo into-ngamakhasimende. Ngakho-ke, lezi zinto ziyingxenye ebalulekile imodeli inkumbulo. I engavamile yalolu hlobo uhlelo kungenziwa ngokuthi ukuthi i-afanayo Java ingagcina izinto ngendlela efanayo njengoba ugcine bakudala izinhlobo idatha. Isihloko ezivamile ngolimi kukhona iyunithi yezinhlamvu. Zimelele wezinhlamvu, ahlelwe memory lwahlangana kanti futhi akashintshi.

Java olungaphezulu kukhona uxhaxha kochungechunge ngaphambilini iqoqo izikhombo ukuze nezinye izindawo inkumbulo lapho kuwo ngamunye into wafuna lilondolozwe. I edingekayo isethi izinhlamvu umsebenzisi, ngakho-ke, kusuka endaweni eqhelile enkumbulweni ewumshini wokuqanjwa futhi isebenza ngayo engaqondile.

afanayo lamabili (matrices)

into enjalo, njengoba matrix, kuyinto ezimbili-ntathu afanayo Java-izinto noma primitives, uzihlele kwi "inani ikholomu." Lesi sakhiwo idatha ngezinye izikhathi kuchazwa njengelungelo i "afanayo amaqoqo". Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi irowu noma ikholomu ngayinye ziku ethafeni Java ntathu afanayo, futhi iqoqo yabo matrix.

Ngo samuntu mgudumbili, ngamunye zithwala kungase kudingeke obuphelele ayo kwabanye. Lapho ebhekisela isici esisodwa afanayo usebenzisa Inkomba ezimbili ukuze ukhombise oyifunayo inkumbulo indawo. Okokuqala - lena inombolo line, okuyinto into oyifunayo. Eyesibili Inkomba - inombolo kukholamu, noma inombolo ye-serial element ngaphakathi vector. izakhi yenkomba ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo mgudumbili iqala ngeqanda, njengoba kwaba njalo endabeni ka-afanayo eyodwa-ntathu. Ngakho-ke, ukubhekana ingasetshenziswa element lokugcina afanayo obuphelele N izinhlamvu Inkomba ngeke [N-1].

Hlunga izinto

Inkinga esivame kakhulu lapho esebenza afanayo yiso uhlobo. Lokhu eziwubala Uma unganakile, umsebenzi iba eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kangakanani njengoba enanini lama-elementi ngaphakathi Vector noma i-matrix.

Kukhona ama-algorithm eziningi ezahlukene ukuhlunga izakhi isakhiwo inikezwe - Indlela bubble ukuhlunga okukhethayo isampula Ukufakwa noma Fusion indlela. Zonke izindlela kuhluke ijubane umsebenzi kanye nenani inkumbulo edingekayo ukugcina idatha eminye kanye nemiphumela zesikhashana ngesikhathi imisebenzi Lesisemkhatsini.

Ezinye algorithm angase abe ezahlukene isilinganiso elilungile kuncike isethi idatha input. Ngo-Java kungenzeka afanayo ekuhlungeni wenziwa esebenzisa indinganiso ekilasini umsizi afanayo, okuyinto has a static indlela uhlobo, ukuhlunga izakhi inyuka indlela usebenzisa izibonelo zalokho okusheshayo. Nokho, i-algorithm ingahlalisekanga futhi ebulawa ngesikhathi sako kungahluka ngisho ukucutshungulwa amaqoqo obuphelele alinganayo. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-ekuhlungeni esisheshayo ngaphambilini uhlu enkulu okungahleliwe ezaziwayo. Program ziyatholakala futhi zonke izimali for ukugcwaliseka yimuphi omunye algorithm ukuhlunga ngokuhambisana kwemigomo inkinga nezimfuneko kumphumela.