Izitshalo amandla negesi ngamalahle: Izinzuzo Amathemba

Befuna ugesi ukushisa eRussia unyaka nonyaka ukwenyuka isikali exponentially. Lezi izibalo zisikisela ukuthi kukagesi ngoJanuwari-September kulonyaka, egxilile esikhathini esifanayo ngonyaka odlule 1.6% futhi zaba 754.1 bhiliyoni kW / h, futhi ngo-2020 ukufunwa amandla kuzokwanda ingxenye yesine. Nokho, isidingo sabantu sika esikhulayo ugesi nokushisa enganeliseki ngokuphelele, futhi izizathu lokhu eziningi: ukwehla kwentengo fixed assets Izinsiza njalo kwamanani, ukusweleka futhi zibiza amandla, yokuntuleka kwezimali, kanye nokunye. A yezizathu ezihlukahlukene, kodwa ngaso enhliziyweni konke kuhlale imali, noma kunalokho, itlhogeko.

Uma sicabangela isimo esingokoqobo, ezifana eyodwa amandla supply cottage isiphetho, isithombe siba sobala kakhulu. Ukushisisa izindlu uhlobo yasemakhaya kwenzeka ikakhulukazi ngezithukuthuku diesel noma diesel ugesi. Isithando somlilo uwoyela fuel ukusetshenziselwa ukufudumeza negazifitsirovannyh efulethini izakhiwo kanye izakhiwo zezimboni, ikakhulu kabanzi eSiberia naseMpumalanga Ekude. Ngokwe-Ministry of Energy, ngo-2010 kwezigidi ezingu 1.34 amathani uwoyela esithandweni zavezwa eRussia, futhi ngo-2012 - 2,73 amathani ayizigidi ezingu. Ngu-2015, izimali mkhuba intela ku-petroleum ezingase ukufinyelela ruble 21.1 billion ngonyaka.

Uhulumeni waseRussia ihlele Sigcizelela fuel amafutha mkhuba e-ruble ayizigidi 5,86 ngethani ngo-2013, ama-ruble ayizigidi 6,45 - ngo-2014 futhi 7,73 ayizinkulungwane ruble - ngo-2015. Izikhulu basikisela ukuthi ngonyaka ozayo intela mkhuba uphethiloli ekilasini imvelo "Euro-4" bayovuka ruble 8960 ngethani, in the "Euro 5" - ruble 5.750 tonne ngayinye, u-diesel - kuze kufinyelele 5100 futhi 4500 (kuye ngokuthi isigaba kwemvelo ) ruble ngethani. Lokhu, ngaphezu kwakho konke, ubuhlungu ephaketheni abathengi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uhlelo lesifunda gasification buthola umfutho. Igesi yemvelo kungaba okunye losizo diesel. izitshalo amandla negesi ngamalahle ungakwazi ukuxazulula inkinga yokuntuleka futhi zibiza amandla. Lena indlela ayibizi futhi ephumelela kakhulu amandla.

Ngokwesibonelo, inkampani Zao "Roltom Engineering" inikeza negesi yemvelo-izinto wadubula amandla plant ngesisekelo European imishini ekhiqiza. Isakhi esiyinhloko onjalo isitshalo amandla generator igesi. Kuyinto injini esebenzisa igesi yemvelo uphethiloli. Okunjalo isitshalo kagesi ivumela ukukhiqiza amandla kagesi endaweni ukusetshenziswa yayo, ngaphandle kokudinga igcwalisa fuel, ezifana amandla udizili iyunithi.

Le nkampani inikeza abathengi cogeneration izitshalo esekelwe igesi piston ugesi. Cogeneration - ukukhiqizwa ngesikhathi esisodwa ukushisa kanye nogesi. izitshalo okunjalo ungasebenza imodi ukuma-yedwa noma parallel inethiwekhi yangaphandle futhi babe high umthamo kagesi ongaphakeme ethize petrol. Ukusetshenziswa igesi yemvelo njengoba uphethiloli kunganciphisa kakhulu ekukhiqizeni izinto ezilimazayo, isibonelo, kunalokho uma usebenzisa uphethiloli noma diesel iyunithi.

CJSC "Roltom Engineering" ikakhulu ukhiqiza block-Modular, ukuthi is zahlanganiswa esitsheni akhethekile, CHP. izitshalo okunjalo kunezimo eziningana ezisivunayo kuqhathaniswa kunemifuziselo yako umile, isibonelo, isitsha emaphaketheni yelula ukuphila inkonzo, ikakhulukazi izimo ezimbi kakhulu sezulu, ezifana eSiberia noma eNyakatho Ekude yeCanada. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lezi ziteshi ziphakathi mobile futhi asidingi ukwakhiwa kwebhilidi ekhethekile dolobha, futhi ukugeleza mojuli ifakwe zonke izinhlelo ezidingekile ekusebenzeni kahle imishini ekhiqiza.

Nokho, naphezu kwazo zonke izinzuzo block-Modular igesi injini CHP, abathengi namanje uqhubeke nokusebenzisa amasevisi izinkampani ukusatshalaliswa noma diesel ugesi. Lonke iphuzu le-investimenti yasekuqaleni. Okokuqala, izindleko amandla scares inani amaqanda ekupheleni. Nokho, izibalo eziyisisekelo kakhulu ukukhombisa izinkampani ezikhiqizayo-avareji yonyaka ulichithe ukuthengwa ugesi nokushisa kusuka inkampani supply wendawo mayelana esilinganayo. Manje zicabange kangakanani abathengi zichitha ugesi akuyona ngonyaka, futhi iminyaka 10-20! siqu amandla plant ayo akwazi ukunciphisa izindleko energy ngo-deda 1.5 \ kW, futhi okhokhela ngokwayo ngemva kweminyaka engaba ngu 1.5-2. Negesi ngamalahle block-Modular amandla plant anganikeza amandla ngaphandle ezindaweni kokuphazamiseka yokuhlala, umkhakha, izindawo ezempi nezezimboni, izibhedlela, izikole, njll Ngisho intengo mandla kakhulu ephansi kunaleyo diesel, kuhlangene-umjikelezo ophephela noma amandla ukuthenga kusuka izinkampani ukusatshalaliswa.

Ukuthuthukiswa kukaphethiloli namandla wemboni kudinga isikhathi eside kodwa ezuzisayo. Ngokuqinisekile bomnotho isondela kuthinte FEC, ngakho esikhathini esizayo esiseduze, ochwepheshe babikezela tilinganiso, kulandelwa kusilela zamandla. Ukuze kuqinisekwe ukuthi le "amandla" onokwethenjelwa esizayo, kubalulekile manje ukuthatha isinyathelo ushintshele ku amandla ayo ngokusebenzisa ukufakwa amandla ayo.