Izinzwane tho: Izimbangela Nezingozi Ukwelashwa

Kungani ezinye izinsana bazalwa izinzwane tho? Lisho ukuthini leli zokugula, nokuthi ungakwazi ayibulale? Izimpendulo zale mibuzo kanye neminye mayelana ngeziphambeko okukhulunywa izinto uzofunda kusukela kulesi sihloko.

ulwazi olujwayelekile mayelana zokugula

izinzwane tho - azalwa naso Ukukhula kwezitho zangaphezulu nangaphasi. Lokhu ukuphambuka libhekene Fusion esinqunyiwe noma ephelele iminwe emibili noma eminingi. Zokwelapha, izinzwane tho abe negama ekhethekile - syndactyly.

Nale izifo kubantu kungenzeka Fusion iminwe kokubili sikhubazekile futhi ampofu futhi athuthukiswe kahle. Umphumela syndactyly kuyinto ukukhubazeka tekusebentisa yezimonyo esitho engezansi.

Lembuzi ukuphambuka kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi zibuzwe isazi sezakhi zofuzo futhi udokotela ohlinzayo olungisa amathambo. Ukuze usethe uhlobo syndactyly, kufanele sigcwaliswe-X-ray of the ngezinyawo. Ukwelashwa nokuvikelwa le nkinga wenziwa kuphela ukuhlinzwa. Kulokhu, izinzwane ezimbili tho ehlukana nokuthi wasebenzisa plastic kanye isici Ukuvalwa uma ngiphoqelekile ngempela.

Ezinye izibalo

Syndactyly ngokuthi ukuthuthukiswa okungavamile iminwe, okuyinto ngebanga lokwephulwa kwelungelo zokuhlukana. Ngokuvamile, lokhu kwenzeka ngesikhathi kwesikhathi sombungu.

izinzwane tho umntwana osanda kuzalwa zatholakala imvamisa 1 kuya 3000. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi syndactyly kuyinto cishe isigamu sabantu anomalies azalwa naso. ngezinyawo okunjalo zokugula kungenzeka zibe kuka ezimele, futhi kuhlangene nezinye ukukhubazeka (isib iminwe hypoplasia, polydactyly futhi polifalangiey, ectrodactyly, brachydactyly, brachioradialis synostosis, wokuqhekeka emabhulashini, ulnar noma clubhand osabalalayo nokunye.).

Cishe u-60% izingane ababenezikhathi izinzwane tho (isithombe angelasici okwethulwa kulesi sihloko), abahlangene kwezinso azalwa naso ohlelweni zemisipha (isib, pseudarthrosis, kokukhubazeka, ukuqothuka kwezinwele okungavamile kuphelile ukubopha ukufakwa, njll).

imbangela yokuphambana

Kungani izingane ukuthuthukisa okuphambene, njengabo izinzwane tho? Izimbangela leli ukuphambuka kungaba ezahlukene. Ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi u-20% amacala lokhu kungenxa yokuba izici zofuzo eziyingozi. Ngamanye amazwi, bonke iphutha i autosomal iphethini evelele ifa.

Uma Umlando womkhaya wokusebenzisa kabi syndactyly sishoda, kumele bazitshela ukuthi ukwephulwa yokuzihlukanisa kwamangqamuzana ngokwemisebenzi yawo kanye kumiswa nasemilenzeni aphansi umbungu iphutha phakathi embryogenesis. Ngokuvamile lokhu kwenzeka uma kukhona umthelela izici ezihlukahlukene ezingezinhle.

A isici okhula ngayo?

Kungani imilenze tho iminwe, futhi kanjani ukuchaza isenzakalo esitho enjalo? ongakazalwa ingane unyawo ithebhu kwenzeka ngesonto 5th yentuthuko intrauterine. Kwakuphakathi nalesi sikhathi ku-fetus angagcina syndactyly bokuphila.

In the ukungabikho isici kakade ngesonto 7th neminwe akhiwa. Lokhu kungenxa ukukhula umunwe imisebe futhi kancane ukuthuthukiswa izikhala interdigital. Uma wokwehla izindonga interdigital siphukile, ke ndlela yokuhlasela yokuhlanganisa izihlangu akuyona ahlukaniswe, okungukuthi, kukhona syndactyly.

Ezinye izinto okungenzeka ukuthuthukiswa okungavamile

izinzwane tho, ingane kungavuka imiphumela enobuthi emzimbeni nokuthumba owesifazane owayezithwele. Ezimweni eziningi lokhu kwenzeka ngesikhathi ukuthatha imithi, utshwala, kanye nemvelo okungekuhle, izici umsebenzi,-X-ray ngemisebe futhi izifo ezithathelwanayo (isb, umkhuhlane, ugcunsula, isifo sofuba njll).

Ngokuvamile izimbangela ukuzalwa komntwana ne syndactyly ahlale akucacile.

izinzwane tho - ke sivame ukuba isici ngaphakathi isakhiwo chromosomal kanye syndromes zofuzo.

By the way, kakhulu lengatfolakali abantu atholwe syndactyly. Ngokuvamile, kuphakama zokugula ezinjalo ngemva unyawo ukusha (ezishisayo noma amakhemikhali).

Tho izinzwane - okusho lokhu zokugula?

Abantu abaningi ababehlanganyela ngenkuthalo uyawuthanda imfihlakalo, kunenkolelo yokuthi le zokugula eba nje. Kukholakala ukuthi lolu hlobo kuguquka kuyinto diabolical. Ngempela, iminwe tho kuyinto ngempela okusikhumbuza inselo.

Nokho, odokotela bathi lutho eziyinqaba esesabeka ukuthi unyawo akukhona ukuthuthukiswa. Lona nje esitho anomaly, okuyindawo Kulula kakhulu ukuqeda, ikakhulukazi kusaqalwa ekuphileni komntwana.

Ngakho ungakhathazeki kangaka uma izinzwane tho. Yini lokho kusho, ungathi nje udokotela, hhayi diabolical abathandi amalebula.

Ukwahlukaniswa ukukhubazeka

Ngo amathambo syndactyly letihlungiwe ngokuvumelana ubude, uhlobo umthungo, kanye isimo iminwe.

Okwamanje zihlukaniswa:

• ithambo umumo (lapho ithambo spike kwenzeka);
• elithambile izicubu ifomu (ngezinye izikhathi membranous futhi isikhumba).

isici ngezigaba obuphelele incike inani yobude phalanges tho umphetho.

Ngokuphathelene nesimo iminwe tho, le syndactyly ingaxaka futhi elula. Kulo mBhalo kukhona Fusion umunwe evamile, futhi owokuqala - ne kwezinso kwamathambo, ngokuhlanganyela, umsipha noma umsipha kulandzelana nekuhlunga tinsita.

izinhlobo zofuzo

Syndactyly kuhlukaniswe futhi zofuzo izinhlobo:

• Uhlobo lokuqala - zigodaktiliya. Fusion esinqunyiwe noma ephelele (membranous) 2nd futhi uzwane 3rd. Futhi asikabi nezinye iminwe ezinolwebu.
• Eyesibili uhlobo - sinpolidaktiliya. Fusion we izinzwane 4th futhi 5th nge kabili wesi-5. Ngenxa yalesi zokugula libhekene: ukuhlukumeza ka imifanekiso lesikhumba amathe futhi hypoplasia we ndlela yokuhlasela yokuhlanganisa izihlangu phakathi.
• Uhlobo lwesithathu. Bilateral syndactyly ephelele 4th neminwe 5th. Kulokhu, unyawo ayiphazamiseki.
• Eyesine - Strip syndactyly. zamazwe amabili cutaneous isandla syndactyly Okugcwele. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kungekho ukulahlekelwa stop.
• Uhlobo yesihlanu. Hlanganisa metatarsal futhi amathambo metacarpal. On the izandla landile 3-4 Fusion iminwe nezinyawo - 2 no-3.

izimpawu isici

Lapho syndactyly we izinyawo ingane uvame baphawula Fusion izinzwane 2 kanye 3rd. Ngesikhathi ndlela yokuhlasela yokuhlanganisa izihlangu efanayo okuphelele kungaba ampofu noma ithuthukiswe ngendlela evamile. Kwezinye izimo, kukhona ukwehla lemino, ngenxa ukunqunywa yabo fluid.

Ngokungafani izingane syndactyly ezandleni izingane syndactyly zezinyawo ukuthuthukisa ngempela evamile. Sinenkosi awunankinga ukuqaliswa anhlobonhlobo izenzo. Kulesi ukuntula nemisebenzi yokusetshenziswa unyawo akusho ziphazamise izifundo zabo, kanye acishe never kukhawulela kukhethwa umsebenzi esikhathini esizayo.

Indlela ukuxilonga?

Indlela ukuxilonga izinzwane tho (uphawu lokuthi isici okufana iye echazwe ngenhla nje)? Syndactyly Kutholwe neonatologist ngokushesha ngemva kokuzalwa kwengane. observation eyengeziwe ingane yenziwa amathambo ezingane noma ukuhlinzwa. Ukuze ususe chromosomal futhi isakhi kwezinso kungenziwa exhunywe futhi isazi sezakhi zofuzo.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi kokutshelwa ngokukhubazeka kwengane senziwa emva kuhlolwe ngamehlo ukucacisa uhlobo isici kulo, kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwesu ukwelashwa, kubalulekile ukuqhuba ithuluzi lokutadisha.

Radiography unyawo ezenziwa ezimbili ivumela ochwepheshe ukulinganisa kwabantu ithambo, impilo ngokuhlanganyela, ubude khona amathambo Fusion. Ukuhlonza izici ukugeleza kwegazi futhi semithambo senethiwekhi iminwe ukwenza UZDG, reovasography, angiography futhi izinga lokushisa kagesi.

ukuphathwa isifo

Ingabe likhona ikhambi izinzwane tho? Ukusebenza ukuhlukanisa phalanges - lesi isixazululo kungenzeka kuphela. Nokho, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi inqubo yokuhlinza isetshenziswa kuphela uma syndactyly of iminwe. Ngokuphathelene phalanges tho Yeka-ke ukusebenza ayiboniswa. Uma angahlangani enjalo esiphazamisayo ukuhamba evamile, ukungenela namanje kwenziwe.

Lapho ukusebenza kwenzekani?

Imigomo indlela yokungenelela kuhlinzwa zinqunywa esekelwe esimweni nomumo yokungafaneleki. Inhloso yalesi ukwelashwa ukushabalalisa isici yezimonyo, kanye nokuthuthukisa umsebenzi unyawo noma isandla.

Isikhathi elikhulu ukusebenza - kweminyaka eyi 4-5. Uma ingane esanda kuzalwa siyenzeka ekupheleni syndactyly, ukungenela wenziwa engxenyeni enkulu yokuphila kwakhe kwesibili. Lokhu kuvimbela ukusonteka yeminwe yesibili nokukhula engalingani we phalanges.

izindlela kuhlinzwa

Phakathi imisebenzi kuhlinzwa ingase izindlela ezilandelayo esetshenziswa:

• ukwehlukana iminwe Ahlinzwe abanesikhumba plasty nge kwezicubu wendawo;
• membranous ngokwahlukana umphetho skinless amapulasitiki;
• tho ngokwahlukana iminwe, okuyinto kwahambisana by ukusetshenziswa ahlangene we isikhumba ukuxhumelela nge autografts khulula nezicubu wendawo;
• ukwehlukana iminwe Ahlinzwe, okuyinto kwahambisana isikhumba khulula ukuxhumelela polnosloynym noma ukuhlukaniswa isikhumba xhumelela;
• ukuphazamiseka multistage nge umsipha-imisipha, isikhumba kanye amathambo ngokuxhunyelelwa.

Isikhathi nasezinkingeni ezilandela ngemva kokuhlinzwa

Ngemva kokuhlinzwa kubathene iminwe ahlukaniswe egatsheni Sigcizelela esikhiphekayo usimende imbande. Kunconywa ukugqoka okungenani 3-4 izinyanga.

Cishe ngemuva kokuhlinzwa izinsuku ezingu-15 uqale ekululameni kwesiguli. Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa izandla massage noma izinyawo, umsebenzi yokwelapha, phonophoresis nge Lydasum, ukushukuma kagesi imisipha yeminwe, ozokerite, upharafini nasodakeni ezisonga.

Waba yini umphumela wesibindi ukusebenza

Izindlela isetshenziswa ekwelashweni ukuhlinzwa yesimanje ye syndactyly ukunikeza yezimonyo ezinhle kanye nemiphumela sokusebenza. Nge Ukungenela ngesikhathi esifanele kubuyiselwa ngokuphelele hhayi kuphela isakhiwo evamile, kodwa futhi umsebenzi ibhulashi senyawo.

Ukuhlinzwa ukususa syndactyly kuphumelele uma isiguli ayinakho izibazi kokuqina futhi deformity lateral neminwe, futhi kukhona uhla egcwele ezinyakazayo e interphalangeal ngokuhlanganyela (adduction, ukuthunjwa, isandiso flexion), ukuqonda umsebenzi (in the case of shayela), ukuzwela ezinhle futhi ifomu yemvelo izikhala phakathi kwezinzwane.

Uma ukwelapha syndactyly banquma ukungayisebenzisi nhlobo i afeze, kwakungase abe nomthelela ongemuhle ukuthuthukiswa kanye nokukhula ingane nasemilenzeni.