Izinyunyana nezimpawu zokuloba ngemigomo eyohlobo sipho: umthetho

Kulesi sihloko sizoxoxa ngalokho wamakhefu ngemigomo eyohlobo nalapho kudingeka okuzobe kudlalelwa eyodwa noma nezinye wabo. Okokuqala, Sichaza lo mqondo 'amalungu iyunifomu. "

Eyohlobo kubhekwe umusho othi:

- usebenze umsebenzi umsebenzi ezivamile syntactic;

- zincike igama elilodwa;

- uphendule umbuzo owodwa.

Non-eyohlobo imigomo Izinyunyana

Njengoba wazi, okuhlukile yiliphi umthetho. Iphumuti ngemigomo eyohlobo, isibonelo, zingafakwa, noma ingabi nayo. Phakathi kwezinyunyana ayixhunyiwe eyohlobo amalungu ukhefana. Nokho, kukhona okuthile okuhlukile. I ukhefana ayidingeki:

- ngokuya esitebeleni (isibonelo, ukukhuluma ngalokhu nokuthi);

- phakathi tento ezimbili, ukusetshenziswa ngendlela efanayo, okuyinto ukhombise ezinyakazayo target noma ukunyakaza uqobo futhi ngaleyo ndlela yakha ubunye olulodwa semantic (isib ahlale, bhala, hamba ufunde ahlale inkulumo et al.).

amalungu Evamile, ikakhulukazi uma kukhona okhefana kuzo, kungabuye ahlukaniswe ngekhoma kanye isemikholoni.

Isibonelo salokhu: kudala uyasala ukuzijabulisa imikhumbi dressy for hambo; esiteshini, siqeqesha olubilayo shudders; amabhodi elintantayo, metal Chime acwazimulayo, e afakwa, sengathi ebhokisini kancane isicaba hulls Iqanda emise.

Iyini incazelo iyunifomu?

Uma ucabangela zokuloba imibandela eyohlobo, asikwazi ngazo, futhi izincazelo iyunifomu. Ukunqunywa iyingxenye encane yomusho, okubonisa imfanelo into. It aphendvule imibuto ezifana "lokho?", "Ngubani?", "Elikabani?" Isibonelo: ngesihlahla sonwele saseYurophu emi oluhlaza obukhulu eduze komgwaqo; emahlathini Fluffy.

Iinhlathululo ukuchaza umusho, okuyinto waveza emabito (kanye nezinye izingxenye yokukhuluma, kokuba ukubaluleka libito). Ziyakwazi iyunifomu esimweni ibonisani izici agcwele uhlangothi isihloko. Isibonelo: Sonke sasilala enempilo, namanje, elele. Kulesi sibonelo, zonke izincazelo ezintathu selisho nobuthongo. Yini okufanele wamakhefu ngemigomo eyohlobo, iyona ncazelo? Thina ukuphendula lo mbuzo.

Amakhoma phakathi izincazelo eyohlobo

Ngokusho imithetho yolimi phakathi kwezinyunyana engahlobene izincazelo umfaniswano ukhefana.

Ngoba ibizo okuhlobana ngokuqondile ngalinye kulawa izincazelo iyunifomu zingafakwa phakathi Union coordinative. Abakwazi njani kuncike ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, nomuntu ngokuhlanganyela umongo esivamile (Ubuhlobo esiyimbangela, okuvelayo ukufana okwenziwé, ukubukeka, njll). Isibonelo: a mncane, ekuseni, entwasahlobo Ledok (esivamile lapha - "a ethambile, ababuthakathaka"); avuvukele nezinkophe obomvu (osasitini kungoba kukhona elikhanyayo).

Tiphawulo (art izincazelo) ngokuvamile eyohlobo. Ngokwesibonelo: isalukazi ivaliwe ucime, amehlo leaden. Uniform ngokuvamile definition olulodwa futhi wabonisa ahileleke ekushushumbiseni emva kwabo. Isibonelo salokhu: kwaba injabulo lokuqala ukutholakala, hhayi ukwesaba turbid.

Uniform, njengoba umthetho, izincazelo uhambisane, okuyinto zitholakala ngemva amazwi uzimisele. Izincazelo angabhekwa eyohlobo uma bahlanganiswa ezinye esivamile. Isibonelo siboniswa kanje: elikhulu, isakhiwo itshe (umqondo wobunye esaba lapha - "ukhululekile") ibekelwe base ezokuvakasha.

Amakhoma phakathi izincazelo heterogeneous

Sibukeze timphawu tenkhulumo imibandela eyohlobo, eqinisekile. Nokho, isinqumo kungase kube inhomogeneous. Lokhu kuyefana isimo uma ungachazwa ngezindlela ezahlukene, ezinhlangothini ezahlukene ezinye into. ISIBONELO ezilandelayo: a kamelo kwaba lamantongomane bellied Office (impahla kanye shape); Underwater iziqhingi imilingo kukhona bathule buthule umba phezu round amafu amhlophe (ukuma nombala wazo). Amakhoma phakathi izincazelo heterogeneous kungukuthi wabeka.

Ngokuvamile, isinqumo heterogeneous kungenziwa esashiwo inhlanganisela tiphawulo isihlobo and qualitative, ngoba ukuveza izici ezahlukene. Isibonelo: A bright Lilanga lasehlobo walunguza ngewindi.

Izinyunyana Non-yansukuzonke kanye nemigomo eyohlobo nabo

Kumbe siyadinga yini njengabanye izimpawu zokubhala phakathi kwamalungu eyohlobo, okuyinto axhunyiwe yokuxhuma izwi yansukuzonke "futhi" futhi "yebo" (uma ukubaluleka kwalo ukubaluleka efanayo "futhi"), kanye disjunctive, njengokuthi "noma" futhi "noma"? Cha, mina akudingeki ukhefana phakathi kwazo.

Noma kunjalo, uma inyunyana unjalo "futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho," (ukuziphindiselela), noma-ke uxhuma isilandiso ezimbili, owesibili kuyo kubonisa umphumela okuthile noma iveza isinyathelo esisheshayo-ushintsho, a juxtaposition nalokho, ubufakazi dash, noma ukhefana phambi kwakhe .

Ngokwesibonelo: wayefuna ukuhamba emhlabeni wonke - futhi asikabi babi round futhi ingxenye encane; kodwa ngizokunika umsebenzi, futhi ethakazelisa kakhulu. A ukhefana Kulotshiwe futhi ukuthi Union "kanye" (yokuxhuma): Ufunda incwadi yokugcina, bese ivolumu incane.

I ukhefana ayidingeki phambi yokuxhuma "futhi" uma imele isabizwana "ke", "abe yilowo '," omunye "," te ". Isibonelo: udade yena wayengeke akwenze kakhulu kimi.

I ukhefana ayidingeki phambi ngesihlanganiso esithi "kodwa" uma kuziwa uhlobo inhlanganisela "abayokuya ngisho wenza", "thatha futhi ukutshela."

Manje ake sicabangele lo zibabazo phakathi kwamalungu eyohlobo owazihlanganisa izinyunyana 'yebo' (okusho ukuthi "kodwa"), "kodwa", "a" (kuba izinyunyana adversative). A ukhefana kuyadingeka phakathi kwazo. Isibonelo: Ngiphendule-up esikhundleni incwadi yocingo, futhi wazise usuku sokuhamba.

Yini enye ngaphandle ukhefana, zingabekwa izimpawu zokubhala? Izinyunyana ukunikela (adversative) Ngezinye izikhathi zingena ngaphansi iyunifomu imigomo. Lapho omunye wabo sishoda, phakathi kwabo dash ebhaliwe. Isibonelo: hhayi umdobi encane sika useyili - imikhumbi dream kimi.

Izinyunyana okuphindiwe kanye nemigomo eyohlobo nabo

izici zakhe ngokuphindaphindiwe izihlanganiso izimpawu namalungu eyohlobo ahlobene nawo. A ukhefana kuyadingeka phakathi kwamalungu exhunyiwe ka okwenza imishado enjalo eyohlobo. Izinyunyana kungaba: "Yebo ... yebo," "futhi ... futhi", "noma ... noma", "noma ... noma", "hhayi ukuthi ... hhayi ukuthi," "noma. .. noma "," khona-ke ... bese "nabanye.

Ayikho ukhefana lapho yokuxhuma ephindaphinda igama elithi "futhi", "lo", "noma" ngaphambi wokuqala babo uma ukudluliswa iqala naye. Isibonelo: waya entabeni, wahlala izikhathi 2 ejele, futhi baye balwa Russian. Nokho, ukhefana kufanele ibekwe phambi lokuqala Izinyunyana esimweni lapho ilungu iyunifomu naye buyaqhubeka usuqalile lohlu. Isibonelo salokhu okulandelayo: wayemthanda lezixuku obukhulu, ukuthula, wedwa, futhi izinkanyezi, futhi ebusuku, nenyanga.

Ayikho ukhefana at +2 ilungu eyohlobo inyunyana efanayo, uma lokhu kwakheka ubunye esihlobene ejiyile. Ngokuvamile ngaphansi kwezimo iyunifomu ngokwabo abanalo amazwi achazayo. Isibonelo salokhu okulandelayo: kuba wakhe waphefumulela futhi wahlala. I ukhefana Ivame ukwenziwa uma kukhona amagama achazayo. Isibonelo: enhliziyweni yakho kukhona ngqo nodumo, nokuziqhenya.

amaqembu Kubhangqiwe amalungu eyohlobo

Union kungaba Okusizayo ukuxhuma amalungu eyohlobo, kuleso simo ukhefana phakathi kwamaqembu abhanqiwe. Phakathi kwalezi ngazimbili, ngokuphambene, akudingeki-ke. Isibonelo: safinyelela engifanele isikhathi, ukuhlupheka futhi injabulo izinyembezi womuntu futhi ukuhleka, nentukuthelo nangothando, nokukholwa, ngokungakholwa. amaqembu ngababili kungenzeka oxhumene Union okuphindaphindiwe ngokulandelana. Nasi isibonelo: phakathi emifuleni, kukhona aluhlaza nokuthula ezinkulu kanye nezincane, futhi kancane futhi okusheshayo. Nokho ukhefana ayidingeki uma amalungu amabili kukhona eyohlobo bese bakha iqembu izinhlangano, zihlobene linencazelo, okuyinto ixhunywe futhi nge inyunyana ilungu 3rd eyohlobo. Isibonelo salokhu: uMariya wayeyintombi intombazane singesabi futhi eqondile ngendlela yabo, ngisho ezimeni ezinzima, uma wayengahambisani othile (iqembu guys lapha - "oqondile" futhi "elinesibindi").

Hhayi ukhefana ngaphakathi izinkulumo lonke okuyinto akhiwa amagama amabili izinto ezinenzuzo okuphambene, ukuphinda Izinyunyana oxhumene "okulalelwayo", "futhi". Izibonelo: abasha nabadala, futhi ukuhleka noma ukukhala, amakhaza nendlala, futhi ngale ndlela nokuthi, futhi izinhlanzi noma inyoni.

Izinyunyana Dual kanye nemigomo eyohlobo nabo

Uma Izinyunyana double, njengokuthi "hhayi njenge ...", "like ... kahle," "hhayi kuphela ... kodwa futhi", "... kuze kube manje", "hhayi okungaka ... kangakanani" "uma kungekhona ... ke", "kodwa ... kodwa" exhunywe imigomo eyohlobo, kumane ukhefana phambi ingxenye 2nd of the Union. Isibonelo salokhu: a lot of izici babe eSiberia ngezokuziphatha womuntu, futhi ngokwemvelo.

Kuyini izwi generalized?

izwi generalized - igama letibanti incazelo, ekuhlanganiseni imigomo eyohlobo. Ngokuvamile amazwi generalizing kukhona isabizwana sokhulumayo nesivumelwano saso, "zonke", "bonke", "cha", "lutho" "ngamunye", "cha", "njalo", "yonke indawo", njll Isibonelo: yonke indawo :. eziphezulu phansi - ukucula izinyoni. izwi generalized ngokuvamile ilungu isiphakamiso efanayo, futhi yiziphi imigomo eyohlobo. Isitatimende zokuloba ngemigomo eyohlobo, uma ikhona, has imithetho yayo siqu.

Colon lapho generalizing amazwi

Ngaphambi sibhale amalungu ahlukahlukene eyohlobo ngemva amazwi generalizing kufanele kube ikholoni. Isibonelo: ekujuleni yehlathi kubonakala zabasebenzi umsindo: i-rustle isihlabathi, amatshe ukugaya, ukumemeza, le clanging, honking izimoto.

. Uma amagama anjengokuthi "like", "njengoba lunjalo", "njengoba lunjalo", njll kukhona emva generalizing amazwi, kufanele abeke ukhefana, bese phakathi kwawo - ikholoni. Isibonelo: abantu ezinhle ekuphileni abaqondanga kuphela njengenhlangano ukuphumula ekahle futhi okungasebenzi, linamazwi ngezinye izikhathi izingozi ezingemnandi, njenge: ukulahlekelwa, isifo, ukuphikisana.

Uma phambi kuwukuqhathaniswa nje kwegama elithi ngokuya eyohlobo, izimpawu zokubhala kule ndaba, ube omunye sici. Ngokuvamile ikholoni is ayizange inikezwe. Kodwa kungenziwa abeke, ngisho noma igama nje okungaqondile alikho ngolimi lwesayensi futhi ibhizinisi. Isibonelo: emhlanganweni ukuwo (amagama emuva kwalokhu efakwe); Sidinga ukuthatha ukuthola ingxube (izingxenye ahlelwe).

Isitatimende se-dash lapho generalizing izwi

Ngaphambi generalizing izwi ngemva zonke etholakalayo ngokuya eyohlobo sipho kudingeka Uziphahlaze. Isibonelo: Guards ibheji, Red Star Order, inkemba ibhande wayibhinca ingubo - konke wangena kuye.

Endabeni phambi generalizing izwi ngemva kwabo kuyinto izwi ezethula ( "dlala", "omunye elithi", "amazwi" . Nabanye), Ngaphambi dash sokugcina kumele ibekwe, nangemva - ukhefana. Isibonelo: otshanini ezomile, phakathi izinambuzane, izinyoni - ngamafuphi, yonke indawo uzizwe kusondela ekwindla.

Uma emva izwi generalizing amalungu eyohlobo musa ukuqedela ngeminikelo, ikholoni ibekwe phambi kwabo, bese - dash. Isibonelo: yonke indawo: acekelwa phansi, phezu kwekhanda lakhe - rumbles, ophilayo yensimbi.

Dash Eme ibekwe esikhundleni ikholoni esimweni amalungu iqembu eveza efanayo amazwi hlandla noma incazelo. Ngakho, nge dash abelwe amalungu iyunifomu kuzo zombili izinhlangothi. Isibonelo: izigidi zabantu - amaCzech namaRomany, isiFulentshi, isi-Ukrainian, isiRashiya, futhi eYugoslavia - ngihambile ubude nobubanzi aseYurophu futhi wabona wobushiqela.

Uma imigomo umongo emva amalungu iyunifomu izwi generalized lena ekulandulayo kubo, kudingeka zesiteji iphuzu, ngemva ukudluliselwa dash ngokuvamile ivinjelwe. Isibonelo salokhu: abantu baye bazibonela izinhlekelele zemvelo eziningi kangaka: nesomiso, izikhukhula, imililo, kodwa ayizange ngobugebengu intando yethu ukulwa ngokuphambene nemvelo.

Ngakho, sahlola izingxenye eyohlobo komusho kufinyeta amazwi, izimpawu zokubhala at kubo. Le timu engcono kakhulu yokufunda ngo umkhuba, ucabangela izibonelo ezahlukene. Ngakho uke wasebenza phakathi izimpawu zokubhala eyohlobo yomusho, futhi umkhiqizo wabo ngeke zisaba okungadala ubunzima.