Izinkuni Black (Ebony): izakhiwo kanye nezicelo

Ebony - igama abajwayelekile, kusho isiqalo nesigcino zezihlahla, izinkuni abamnyama. Umuthi, okuyinto evame ukubizwa ngokuthi omnyama - kuba ebony, zimila Afrika (Zaire, Nigeria, Cameroon) naseCeylon (Sri Lanka, India).

Imininingwane zomlando

Ebony libizwa ngendlela ehlukile: mugembe, ukhuni olumnyama, "nomuthi umculo" Mpinga, "idube kwezinkuni." Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo abantu esetshenziswa amagxolo, amaqabunga ukhuni ebony, okuthiwa ashiwo kubo sezindawo imilingo. Ngo ethuneni kaFaro Tutankhamun abangu imikhiqizo ngokhuni omnyama wathola. EGibhithe le nto eyigugu akhiwa eMpumalanga Afrika. Kukholakala ukuthi izinto izikhali yokukhiqiza kukhona izinkuni umndeni ebony, uyakwazi ukubulala imimoya emibi namademoni. Iziphandla kwakufanekisela isibindi, isibindi umnikazi wabo, futhi, ngokwenkolelo edumile, baletha amandla nokushesha.

izizwe zase-Afrika baye basebenzisa ebony ukulungiswa namalahle, ukhuni has njengoba ubulukhuni bayo kokuvamile emissivity okusezingeni eliphezulu.

Imikhiqizo ezenziwe ebony ngokuvamile okuthiwa ashiwo izakhiwo imilingo. Ngokwesibonelo, kusukela ibhokisi ebony ukuluphatha izinto omlingo ukulondoloza izinga lokuphila kwabo.

Izici kanye Ukucaciswa

Ebony has a isiqu ubukhulu namandla ekufinyeleleni esingaphezu imitha. Ukuphakama imayelana 10 metres. Ukhula kancane kakhulu, ukuze lunesibalo ephakeme, izikhathi 2 njengengcebo enkulu kunemicebo ukuminyana oki. Ukuze sikwazi ukufinyelela usayizi emakethe, kubalulekile iminyaka eminingi.

Amagxolo black wood ayibalulekile futhi ke kuphela esetshenziswa abelaphi Folk umuthi wesiNtu. Izinkuni umsindo uqine kakhulu (kwabantu 900-1000 kg / m ^3. Ngesikhathi nomswakama ka 15%), oily, esinikela ukumelana iyiphi imihlola emkhathini. Ukwaluka obukhulu kakhulu eCeylon ebony.

Lapho izinga lokushisa lehla futhi imodi ekushintsheni isakhiwo uhlala nomswakama esitebeleni. Umnyombo uba nombala onsundu kanye ushokoledi, ngokuvamile onsomi noma ukukhanya luhlaza onsomi. I sapwood lingaphansi obukhulu, aphuzi. Izinkuni is wokucwebezelisa kalula, ukuvula. Izinkuni abamnyama bola futhi umonakalo isinambuzane alithintwa (ngisho umuhlwa omnivores kugwenywe ke).

Ihamba ebony obunesikhumba, esikhulu, esihlale siluhlaza, kodwa ezimweni ezingajwayelekile ungawela phansi lomisile.

Zonke izinhlobo izinkuni tropical babe ehlukile enhle matte yemvelo sheen, kodwa ezinye izinhlobo kungenzeka ifa ayebuthaka metallic.

Essential ebony uwoyela uthole ngempela eziyinkinga. It is lisetshenziswe womshini amakha, ngoba unika ukunambitheka ukujula futhi ugcizelela engumakhelwane amakha amanothi.

Izici workpiece

Omiswe ebony wadalula ezimbi. Lapho egawula isetshenziswa ngaphambi omiswe indlela. Ihlala eqinisweni lokuthi eminyakeni engaba mibili ngaphambi kokuba ukugawula isiqu wazigcaba ekhethekile isiyingi, eyeka ukukhula. Ukuze ugweme omiswe okusheshayo ngokweqile, izinkuni ngemva sawing uvalwe ehlanganiswa elangeni okuvezwayo inqubo semikhawulweni (ngokwale nhloso, lime efanelekayo noma ezinye izinto ezifanayo).

"Musical" isihlahla

Ngenxa ukuminyana namanzi-oxosha yayo izindawo ezimnyama isihlahla iye yasetshenziswa ekwenzeni ephezulu zomculo ngempumelelo. Ethandwa kakhulu somoya zomculo ezifana umtshingo, negekle, Oboe. Futhi izinkuni ebony upiyano okhiye wenza, amanqe pads ku izibambo iziginci, violin. Entanyeni isiginci, esetshenziselwa womshini ebony, maphakathi gravity ushukumisela ithuluzi ngokwayo, okuyinto ebaluleke for abadlali professional. Guitar igobolondo we ebony emihle kakhulu kudala Echoes, lapho ngokungazelelwe umlamuleli eyanyatheliswa ngalo izintambo. Fretboard azigugi igcinwe kahle ipuleti eyisibonelo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukhuni ebony ingasetshenziswa nokunamathisela ka Amaphiyano grand kanye eqotho, okuyinto zenziwa zikaphayini okuncane.

Ukwakha ifenisha

Ukuze inlays futhi veneering ebony ke ibilokhu isetshenziswa kusukela ngekhulu le-17. Ngo 1733 intengo yokungenisa izingodo kwehliselwe, ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwawo kabanzi waqala.

Ngasekuqaleni kwekhulu le-19, kwaba izitshalo imfashini eliqoshiwe ezifana Roman, isiGreki, umGibhithe. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukuthandwa yabo yaqala ukuthola kwesitulo curule, okwakubekelwa ezenziwe ngokhuni ebony. Kubukeka ngomusa kakhulu futhi isisindo, kodwa empeleni namandla futhi usinda.

ERussia, ukuthandwa ifenisha elite eyenziwe ebony waqala kusukela uPeter Omkhulu, futhi kusukela ngekhulu le-18 wayevame mahogany.

Kuze kube manje, ebony isetshenziselwa ifenisha umhlobiso izinto, kanye imikhiqizo okukhethekile. Ukuze okunethezeka ladvwetjelwe izakhi ukhuni okuhlangana ngayo izingxenye kusukela izinsimbi ezibizayo.

Ngokokuhlobisa inlay ifenisha, zomculo, wasebenzisa lisikiwe yokwakha yaseGrisi ebony.

Interior izinto eziyizikhumbuzo

Ebony ukhuni, sibonga izakhiwo zayo eziyingqayizivele, ekahle machining enkulu ekwakhekeni lezinto ezihlukahlukene: imifanekiso yezinto zokudlala, izibambo imimese, eziyisikhumbuzo.

I yezithakazelo ezigxilile zababazi onekhono kakhulu ebony - abantu besizwe Makonde. Benza izinto eziqoshwe ngamathambo ezindlovu okungavamile ekhululekile of ebony. Ngo izinto kwakwakhe wasebenzisa indlela, ezahlukene ukuthungwa: emihle kakhulu futhi usike izakhi ngaphandle ukucubungula.

Namuhla ebony value futhi ephakeme, le nto ephezulu senziwa: chess, Backgammon, izinti, amabhokisi iwayini, nogwayi, lokubhalela izinto, ozimele izithombe imidwebo, ukusingatha izindwani nokuningi.

Ukusebenzisa izithelo kanye namahlamvu

Ebony has izithelo ezidliwayo, Ukuthoma ukunambitha ezahlukene (lokhu kungenxa ekuqongeleleni e izicubu tannin). Nokho, iphele ngesikhathi umnkantsha futhi ngesikhathi isitoreji. Kwamanye amazwe, ebony leaf nezimbali nge okunama-kilojoule amaningi, ukudla. Phakathi kumasayiraphu zazo kungenzeka uzilungiselele, izithelo iziphuzo, kanye nezinye izitsha eziningi. Ungasebenzisa futhi ifomu iluhlaza noma omisiwe.

Izithelo ukhuni olumnyama, kuye ngohlobo kanye nendawo ukukhula, kungase kube letingemasayizi lahlukene. Ngo Persimmon empumalanga, isibonelo, amajikijolo afinyelele 10 cm ububanzi.

ayelapha

Labelungu Ephakathi babeqiniseka anti-ukuguga izindawo elixir of tincture amagxolo, umongo, nezithelo ebony izimbali. Kwakuthinta ayekholelwa nawukuthi izitsha zokhuni black singadambisa ubuthi.

Ubhekene neziguli ezingu kule ebony suku lusetshenziselwa njengoba isitshalo okwelapha. infusions ezisetshenzisiwe kusukela core, amagxolo, amaqabunga nezimbali. Kwenziwe ephefumula wezokwelapha intuthu umalaleveva, migraines, ukucinana kwemigudu yokuphefumula. Imithi esekelwe izimpande isihlahla zisetshenziselwa okudambisa ubuhlungu besisu.

Ezinye izinhlobonhlobo ebony

ebony Lunar Akafani namanye izinhlobo ebony izinkuni ngoba kuyahluka isakhiwo engavamile, ukwakha strip yinqaba. Umbala ugodo kungase kudingeke yimuphi imibala kusuka amnyama ukukhanyisa ophuzi kanye olumhlophe. Futhi ukusika isihlahla, kuphela ukubukeka kwaso, umbala ukhuni ayikwazi ukutholwa. Lolu hlobo kakhulu ezingavamile, ungathola kuphela emahlathini esingangeneki ePhilippines. Isihloko ukusika kuphela lezo zihlahla, ogama yobudala ifinyelele eminyakeni engu-400 noma ngaphezulu.

Madagascar ebony ikhula, njengoba leli gama lisikisela, ku Esiqhingini saseMadagascar, kanye Seychelles. Izinkuni anthracite abamnyama, cut fresh yayo has sheen metallic.

NaseCeylon ebony - ingenye izinhlobo ezibizayo kakhulu ebony. Sikhula e Malaysia, Indonesia, eCeylon. Izinkuni umbala - konsundu.

ebony eCameroon uba nombala ezijulile omnyama, kungenzeka grey streaks. Ebangeni ezivame kakhulu ebony. Uyabazisa esingaphansi nezinye izinhlobo ngenxa ezimbotsheni evulekile kwezinkuni.

Makassar ebony likhula Indonesia. sapwood Its aphuzi-abamhlophe, abansundu core has iphethini nobuntu amaviyo shades sinombala.

Ngenxa izakhiwo zabo eziyingqayizivele ukhuni ludingeka okusezingeni eliphezulu, kanye neqiniso lokuthi iminyaka engu-lezimpahla kufanele kudlule iminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu, ebony luya luba yivelakancane. Kusukela ngo-1994, ebony ohlwini ezisengozini.

Okunethezeka izinto ezenziwe ngokhuni zilwane ezibalulekile of ebony, kukhona umhlobiso eyinkimbinkimbi futhi kuyabiza.