IziNdlu zePhalamende eLondon. Palace of Westminster (incazelo)

Wonke amadolobha amakhulu emhlabeni has uphawu ayo olungekho emthethweni. Paris liyaziwa Eiffel Tower, "ibhizinesi khadi" of New York City - Statue of Liberty, eMoscow obonwa Kremlin. Ingabe ubuso ayo futhi inhloko-dolobha yase-England. UBig Ben kanye iziNdlu zePhalamende eLondon - isihloko impahla.

Uhlolojikelele

Abasebenzi yalesi izimpawu zendawo yezakhiwo esiyingqayizivele kuholele izinombolo umxhwele. Ubude silinganisiwe 5 km imihubhe, phakathi izibuya efakwe phezu izitebhisi 100, kuyilapho inani idlula 1,100 Ngcono.

Isakhiwo owaziwa itholakala endaweni zikanokusho ngokuthi Westminster. Lesi sigodlo lokuqala lwasebukhosini weza lapha 1016. Kodwa ngemva 1295 emindeni yasebukhosini ezikhishwe kuleli gumbi, futhi wayiswa amandla ePhalamende.

Zonke ubuhle elalakhiwe phakathi namakhulu eminyaka, ladliwa umlilo Okthoba 16, 1834. Naphezu uhlushwa elementi umlilo, esigodlweni zishiswe. Eqaphela ubukhulu le nhlekelele, lo ukuphathwa wanika ukuze abaphonse wonke amabutho ukuze asindise Westminster Hall. Ekupheleni kosuku, le iziNdlu zePhalamende eLondon lingamanxiwa. Kodwa ikamelo esiyingqayizivele ngaphakathi ngemishayo zikanokusho lokhuni wakwazi ukulondoloza.

Ngemva isinqumo ukubuyisela into ngokomlando ebalulekile eyenzelwe Charlza Berri sikhethwe. Isitayela lapho sakhiwo saklanywa, - Neo-Gothic. Ekuqaleni, umsebenzi eyayibekwe: ukwakha sokunethezeka, esigodlweni ngokubabazekayo futhi umxhwele.

Leli hholo endala

Cishe konke othulwe namuhla isivakashi, lakhiwa kabusha ngemva umlilo omkhulu. Kodwa ingxenye omdala nqaba Westminster Hall. endaweni yaso 1547 square metres. Leli kamelo unamandla okusindisa emlilweni. ukwakhiwa House waqala emuva ngo 1097. Futhi emva kweminyaka emibili, abaklami zidlulile into. Wonke umuntu engena ekamelweni, okokuqala kuqhakambisa ophahleni emangalisayo. Ngesinye isikhathi, leli hholo kwaba isihloko zokuhlonipha yezinkundla ezinkulu kunazo zonke eYurophu. Kwaba iminyaka eminingi kuphela kamuva ukuthola lapho iziNdlu zePhalamende eLondon.

Inhloso yalolu Igumbi babe ebanzi ngokwanele. Kube yayiqhutshelwa kuseshini enkantolo. Ebhentshini enquma isiphetho amadoda edume kakhulu bangesikhathi sakhe: njengamakhosi akwa nabezombusazwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sakhiwo wathatha izivakashi zakwamanye amazwe wachitha reception nezemikhosi.

mkhosi, i-

Isicabha ubhekwa yokungena EnguMbusi sika. Itholakala ngaphansi Tower Victoria. Minyaka yonke, le nkosi kanye nabasizi bakhe ubiza lapha ukuvula unyaka omusha ePhalamende. Okulandelayo, iya kwenye, ihholo engengaphansi ngokubabazekayo. Ikamelo elilandelayo unenjongo olulodwa - ukukhonza ukuhamba-ekamelweni ukuze autocrats. Lapha inhloko yezwe ushintshe ube omunye izembatho ePhalamende, egqoka umqhele yasebukhosini. Lena elinye lamasiko ambalwa egcina Palace of Westminster eLondon.

Yiqiniso, amakamelo zikanokusho kunazo lwesigodlo iyona Royal Igalari. Interior design kanye umhlobiso kumelwe ukuba kwakushaqisa ukusebenzisa njengabakufanelekelayo ngesandla esiqinile. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi le ingenye amakamelo ngobukhulu. Ubukhulu balo - 33,5 x 13.7 amamitha. Izindonga ahlotshiswe nemidwebo. Kusukela leli hholo inqubo iya ekamelweni eliphezulu ukuvula esimisweni. Lapho kufakwe Royals, amalungu ephalamende, amajaji nabefundisi avuke besezihlalweni zabo.

isiko kusungulwa

Kusukela ngekhulu XVI ephalamende ihlukaniswe yaba izingxenye ezimbili. I ephansi House of Commons siqukethe amaqembu. Ngo Upper umsebenzi noMbusi wababusi abefundisi. Ngaphambili, amasekela besebenza ethempelini. Bahlala lapho emabhentshini nizithathe niphonse ikhangele nomunye. Lo myalo lePhalamende LaseBrithani azigcina kuze kube yilolu suku. Ngokuhamba izenzakalo zomlando, lezi zindikimba ezimbili "ixazululwe" emagunyeni egumbini elilodwa.

Okwakuphakathi kwamakamelo kuyinto ihholo emaphakathi lwaluba umbhoshongo maphakathi. Ngena ngemvume ehholo lomphakathi senziwa ngesimo i lwaleli. It lihlotshiswe ngamatshe, lapho komkhondo yokuqhuma. Ngo-1941, phakathi neMpi Yezwe II, liye hit kanzima Lower House. Plates eyayisezweni yezincithakalo, kwalondolozwa njengemiBhalo iwuphawu ayenganqobeki ye-United Kingdom. Eduze kukhona eziqoshiwe ezimbili lezikhonzi England ezinethonya kunazo - Lloyd George futhi sathathwa uWinston Churchill.

Isigodlo Sebawoti

Esikhathini enyakatho part ekamelweni eliphansi. Ngemva kokubuyiselwa ngo-1950, kwaba ngaphansi zikanokusho. Noma kunjalo, ubuhle bakhe kuyinto okushesha ngendlela edidayo. Iqembu elibusayo kanye nokuphikiswa uhleli okuphambene nomunye. Phakathi kwabo kukhona indlela enqamulelayo okwesikhashana imakwe ngemigqa abomvu.

Ububanzi phakathi amamaki ilingana nobude izinkemba ezimbili side. Umbala, okuyinto lihlotshiswe Igumbi - oluhlaza. Usayizi ihholo - 14 x 20,7 m. Kulapha ukubutha zonke okuyibona ephalamende. Westminster Palace iminyaka engu-400 kwaba yokuhlala main yamakhosi British. Lona isikhungo Isikhulu sePirates yezwe.

Leli hholo umhlangano we House of Lords unothile kakhulu futhi zikanokusho. Ithoni main - abomvu. Nangu sobukhosi yasebukhosini, lapho, phakathi kuvulwa iPhalamende ohlezi esihlalweni sobukhosi. Throne amazing. esihlalweni eyayibhalwe. Ngo sigqoka yakhe master iminyaka emithathu. Lapha, i-Queen zamanje othi out inkulumo ngokwesiko. Nokho, abalobi - amasekela nabefundisi. EPhalamende ifake izinhlelo ngonyaka ozayo. Futhi kuphela emva kwalesi sikhathi isiko ePhalamende kubhekwa evulekile.

Isakhiwo ngokwaso imi ibhange kwesokunxele emifuleni leli dolobha main - iThames. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi izivakashi eziningi olukhethayo isikebhe uhambo njengoba iziNdlu zePhalamende eLondon kubonakala ubukhazikhazi namagagasi. Futhi lokhu - umbono esiyingqayizivele.

"Umuntu" of England

Yiqiniso, uphawu yaseLondon uBig Ben. Isetshenziselwa njengekhadi lebhizinisi, futhi kukhulunywa ngayo kaningi lwamabhayisikobho, izincwadi kanye namakarada. Ngokuvamile, abantu basibiza igama Clock Tower. Nokho, empeleni isidlaliso we elikhulu izinsimbi ezinhlanu esigodlweni. Umsebenzi wakhe - ukubala amahora. "Ngezwi" Chime njalo ngemva kwemizuzu engu-60 ukusakaza i-BBC.

Njengoba aziwa kakade, bacishe bayifunda yonke esigodlweni kwashiswa umlilo ngo-1834. Lapho iziphathimandla sebenqume ephalamende, iphrojekthi bangena ngawo, futhi Clock Tower. Lokhu emehlweni okumangalisayo - umsebenzi umakhi IsiZulu Awugustu Pyudzhina.

Mshini kwadalwa iqembu abathanda. Futhi ngamahora 1854 thina baqoqa ngokuqondile. Usuku lokugcina entwasahlobo ka-1859 kubhekwa usuku lokuzalwa uBig Ben. Labe ukusebenzisa ngokwewashi. Namuhla akunakwenzeka ukuba zibone ngeso lengqondo iziNdlu zePhalamende eLondon ngaphandle kulesi sikhungo.

Ngesisekelo indlela

kukhona umbhalo oqoshiwe Latin, okuyinto uhumusha njengoba "Nkulunkulu Londoloza Queen Victoria" ngaphansi iwashi. Eduze waqamba saphinde: ". Dumisani iNkosi" Phakathi neMpi Yezwe II ekuhlaseleni German wayezama ukubhidliza uphawu asicekeleki Enkulu YaseBrithani. Nokho, umbhoshongo wema.

Ngesisekelo insimbi ifinyelela 3 metres. Ukuphakama ilingana 2 m Ububanzi Ukudayela - .. 7M obuphelele ngokwewashi - 2,7 ububanzi, futhi ngomzuzu - 4.2 m.

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi uBig Ben - uhlobo KaMose. Ngamunye ezinhlangothini ezine siqukethe 312 ingilazi izinhlayiya. Njalo eminyakeni 5 washers professional makehle ezintanjeni ukudayela. isixazululo Special bona ukusula iwashi, ngesikhathi esifanayo ukuqikelela ukuthi kulimaze iwindi ethambile.

Kuze kube manje, lesi sici yezakhiwo likhona uhlu kwekulu iwashi ukunyakaza zezwe futhi ngobukhulu. Isisindo insimbi abadumile cishe 14 wamathani.

igama elisha

Ukuphakama umbhoshongo ifinyelela 96 amamitha. Nokho, lo mshini itholakala amamitha 55 kusukela emhlabathini. Entabeni engafinyelelwa nge ungumthombo ongumngcingo Kuvunguza izitebhisi ehlanganisa izinyathelo 334. Bahola kuya ekubeni inkundla encane. Nokho, kukhona ayivunyelwe izivakashi. Khuphukela kule "inhliziyo" amahora can kuphela abanakekeli. Kakhulu akuvamile zihlele izinkambo ukuze cindezela bese izivakashi udumo.

umbhoshongo enhle Ikakhulukazi ebumnyameni. -Amahora amane esikhanyayo okukhanyisa. Peal of izinsimbi lizwakele ngokucacile ngisho at ibanga 8 km. Ngokuthakazelisayo, lapho iPhalamende LaseBrithani ihlangabezana ebusuku, uBig Ben luthungelwa ngombala ohlukile.

Kuze September 2012, zazaziwa ngokuthi Clock Tower of the Palace of Westminster. Nokho, osombusazwe baye banquma ukuphinde iqambe lesikhumbuzo yokudumisa iminyaka engu-60 wokubusa u-Elizabeth eyayithanda. Lolu shintsho uye wabangela imibono exubile esidlangalaleni. Kodwa, naphezu kwalokhu, engazange elahlekile umlingo wama uBig Ben. Njalo izivakashi ngubani esiwavakashele London, abakwazi ukuya ekhaya ngaphandle izithombe lokhu Luhambo.