Izikweletu Ukraine: Dynamics, ababolekisi, loan izimali

izikweletu Uhulumeni - iqoqo izibopho izikweletu yezwe izinhlangano, abantu kanye nezinye uthi, izinhlangano zamazwe ngamazwe ekubhekaneni Ukukhishwa ezibolekiwe kanye nosizo lwezimali. The debt umphakathi Ukraine siqukethe izingxenye eziningana:

• ayeyiboleke kuhulumeni;
• ukubolekisa kuya kutiphatsimandla tesigodzi kanye lendawo;
• Ukubolekwa kwemali sebehlanganisa amaqembu ukutshalwa yomphakathi.

Kulo mBhalo, izwe kumele akhokhe isamba sokuboshwa iphesenti yayo capital Nhlangano sika.

Amafomu ezikweletini

ukubolekisa Ezivelele uhulumeni ngesimo izinhlobo ezimbili:

1. ukubolekisa sangaphandle yezwe. Lokhu kuhlanganisa wonke izimali ezibolekwe ukuthi abangu lathathwa uthi angaphandle noma izikhungo yemali ngamazwe. Lokhu kubolekisa ngemali afakiwe kweSamba izikweletu yangaphandle ye-Ukraine.
2. credit Domestic ukuze lizwe. Ukuze lolu hlobo izikweletu zihlanganisa imali lathathwa abanikazi izibambiso, stock noma ezinye abakweletwayo ngalesi simo.

izikweletu sekukonke Ukraine kwamiswa ngenxa esikhulu loans zezimali, izivumelwano kanye izivumelwano Ukukhishwa credit kanye loans. Lihlanganisa ukubolekisa ubudala, okuyinto uhulumeni bacela ukubambezeleka. Lapha sikhuluma izinto ezifana isandiso kabusha izikweletu Ukraine. Lokuhlela Kabusha - lena sekwenza ngoba kwakungenzeka ukuba okweletayo, elisetshenziswa njengesibonakaliso okuhlukile. amandla anjalo majeure kungenzeka kufushane isikhundla umboleki sezimali maqondana lizwe - okuzenzakalelayo.

Dynamics 2016

Kusukela ngo-2012, izikweletu Ukraine liye landa ngamaphesenti $ 26 bhiliyoni. Kulo nyaka uhulumeni wavumelana IMF kwabambalwa credit tranches.

Yamanje inqubomgomo kwezimali isimo akuhileli nje kuphela senkokhelo izikweletu ubudala, kungenzeka ukuthatha amasha. Injongo kokuba esikhulu isamba semalimboleko. Okungukuthi, ngo-2016 i-Government of Ukraine ukuze uthole credits for ingqikithi 10 amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu, bese ukhokha izikweletu ngomunye bhiliyoni kuphela nengxenye.

UNdunankulu uMbumbi Ukraine Arseniy Yatsenyuk wathi Phakathi nokubusa kwakhe isimo uye wafunda ukuthatha "kwesokudla" ukunciphisa inani imali kanye nezikweletu. Lesi siphetho senziwa ngenxa ukusayinwa kabusha inkontileka. ababolekisi Iningi ozohamba leli dili futhi ngokwengxenye ukwesulwa izikweletu Ukraine. Lokhu kwaholela yokuthi isamba ukubolekisa kwehle kusuka ku-73 kuya ku-66-dollar ayizigidi eziyinkulungwane. Uma bahlukanise inani imali lonke labantu, lengenako akhawunti cishe izingalo ezimbili nengxenye dollar ayinkulungwane.

Kodwa ngisho khona izici ezithile ezinhle. ezikweletini Ukraine usakhula. Ngakho, ngo-2014 ngenxa ukwehla kwentengo kazwelonke lwemali debt umphakathi lenyuka cishe izindodla hryvnia.

"Credit Yanukovych"

Omunye loans, ezingalotshwanga ukuhlelwa kabusha wathinta - kungumsebenzi ka-Ukraine silibangise eRussia. Wahlala okufanayo futhi kufana $ 3 billion. Futhi lena nje yesihlanu yemali licele uViktor Yanukovych e elikude 2013. Inani Ekuqaleni wavumelana engu-15-dollar ayizigidi eziyinkulungwane.

Njengoba base bethole zokuchithwa WaseRussia isicelo ukubhala off ingxenye yesikweletu esikhulu, uhulumeni imemezele ukumiswa izenzo zabo ngoba befuna imbuyiselo imalimboleko esimweni esiphuthumayo. Okungukuthi, isimo baziswa ngokomthetho ngongakwazi ukukhokha izikweletu zayo zezimali.

Kusukela ekuqaleni kuka-2016 WaseRussia uye yaphinde yamemezela inhloso yayo zibophe. Kodwa yize umbolekisi nokuningi izinyathelo olukhulu ukuze ibuyisele le mali eyiswe, iKhabhinethi ukuthi isivumelwano engafinyelelwa ngaphandle umbango. Manje kukhona inkhulumomphendvulwano ngale ndaba emazingeni ahlukene, kodwa izikweletu Ukraine silibangise eRussia futhi uhlala ezingakhokhwanga.

Ababoleka imali futhi ababolekisi

Ingxenye of the debt umphakathi kuze izibopho eziye nayizinkampani "Oschadbank", "Ukravtodor", "Wik", "Railways Ukraine." Ngokuvamile, inani lezi Eurobonds 16 dollar ayizigidi eziyinkulungwane.

abakweletwayo wezwe ngokuyinhloko zezinhlangano zamazwe omhlaba jikelele wezimali ezifana World Bank, International Monetary Fund, i-European Union, Bank European. Eminyakeni emibili edlule, uhulumeni Ukrainian ivumile uhlelo oneminyaka emine, ngokuyisisekelo elisemandleni yokuthi IMF uzothumela tranches credit ukuze athole kwekuhlela kabusha ezithile kwezomnotho.

Ukukhokhwa

kwelinye Ochwepheshe izwi emkhakheni isimo ezomnotho ukuthi inani elikhulu ukubolekisa ukusevisa nzima impela. Esikhathini isimo wamanje isimo ngeke kube khona kungekho kwemali.

Ngesenzo lokulawula Inqubomgomo Ikhredithi ukuthuthukiswa komnotho, abatshali zimali angaphandle.

Izinga ezibucayi wesibopho 60% we-GDP. Futhi lokhu umngcele Sekuyisikhathi eside wadlula isimo. Zonke izenzo uhulumeni ngo nyaka izosetshenziswa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izikweletu Ukraine isibe ezincane njengoba iphesenti exponent ezibucayi.