International Monetary Fund - yisiboniso ukuzinza komnotho emhlabeni wonke

Phakathi kwezinye "izipho" zalesi simiso Bretton Woods ngo-1944, yasungulwa ngo-International Monetary Fund, edlala indima ebalulekile ezweni lanamuhla. Isimo mayelana inhlangano phakathi kwamazwe iqhaza nabahlaziyi ngamazwe kuyadida kakhulu, futhi ukuqonda ukuthi yini endaweni ke ithatha ohlelweni zezimali zomhlaba, kufanele silifunde ngokucophelela.

Izinjongo nemisebenzi-International Monetary Fund

Wadala emuva esikhathini impi asebenzayo emasimini kweMpi Yezwe II, International Monetary Fund Yaklanyelwa lokuba kubuyiselwe futhi uqinise iminotho ngemva kokuqedwa kwalo. A indima enkulu kakhulu ekuletheni ukudalwa le nhlangano wenza Economist British kanye okhulumela Dzh.M.Keyns US G.D.Uayt, wadingida egciniwe ukuze kuvinjelwe zinhlekelele zomnotho ngenxa ukusetshenziswa devaluations.

Kuze kube manje, International Monetary Fund - okukhethekile zezimali-credit inhlangano, elimalungu alo zihlanganisa amazwe 184. Ukuze uqonde ukuthi wadala kulesi sikhwama, badinga kuphela thina ukuba uhlu izinhloso zayo eziyinhloko:

1. ukulawulwa ukukhula komnotho olinganiselayo;
2. nokugcina esitebeleni exchange rate ;
3. nokuvinjelwa okubizwa ngokuthi "Ukwehla Competitive";
4. akunika imali kanye nezeluleko ukuxazulula ibhalansi ukukhokhelwa izinkinga ka esimweni esithile.

Ukuze ukugcwaliseka International bazo Monetary Fund ayisebenzisa ngayo izenzo ezilandelayo:

• uqaphe imisebenzi yezimali ka-United Member;
• esekelwe idatha wathola yenza izincomo zokulungisa futhi ukuvimbela ukuphazamiseka yokuphathwa kwezimali uhlelo ekhona;
• uma kunesidingo, inikeza usizo lwezobuchwepheshe ngokuqeqesha abasebenzi abaqeqeshiwe in emkhakheni wokuphathwa komnotho;
• Linikeza sokubolekwayo.

Lesi sakamuva iyona umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu, njengoba kanye ukufinyelela imali okweletayo ezweni uzophoqeleka ukuba nizifeze zonke izincomo ku nokwenza kwesabelomali isimo.

International Monetary Fund - isakhiwo kanye nezimali

Ngoba inhlangano, okubandakanya iningi lamazwe emhlabeni, kuyisici sobuntu kuba phambi isakhiwo ukuphathwa. It usesikhundleni evelele endaweni IBhodi ekhethekile of Governors. Inhloso yomsebenzi salo okuletha izinkinga imvume abasafufusa noma ekhona kakade. Kodwa ukubulawa oqondile ngezinqumo Council Ebusayo yokutholwa kwamasabatha nge iKomidi eliPhezulu. Lokhu umzimba inamalungu angu-24, abayisishiyagalombili kubo abasekhona unomphela futhi 16 nsuku ujikelezisa njalo eminyakeni emibili.

Futhi, International Monetary Fund ine amakomiti amabili ezinkulu - International Monetary futhi lwezezimali (IMFC) kanye Development Committee. I sokuqala sixoxa nezindaba ezihlobene kuphela isimo emakethe exchange angaphandle (bheka. Igoli 2 no-3), kanti eyesibili uqondisa imizamo yayo ukusiza amazwe asathuthuka. Lesi sakamuva, kufanele kuphawulwe, umzimba ngokuhlanganyela nomunye brainchild kohlelo Bretton Woods - World Bank.

Ukuze ngezimali imisebenzi yenhlangano okukhulunywa lamiswa uhlelo olukhethekile quota esekelwe okuthiwa Special Drawing Rights ngamazwe reserve kwempahla, okwakwenza kube lula ukuthola sokuhamba endinganisweni igolide. Umthombo wesibili ka nokuxhasa babe ukubolekisa wathola ngesisekelo the Amalungiselelo Jikelele uBorrow kanye Amalungiselelo okusha ukuze uBorrow. Zonke izimali ezicela ku-International Monetary Fund - zemali zilingana nemali ukubolekisa kusukela amabhange kahulumeni ngokuqinile kuchazwe amazwe nezinye izikhungo zezimali e-Switzerland. Lezi imithombo uxhaso ungakwazi usabalalise ngempumelelo nokuphuma kwemali, ngaleyo ndlela ukuqinisekisa ukugcwaliseka izimpokophelo isikhungo sezezimali.

Namuhla, i-International Monetary Fund - uyilungiselelo enamandla zezimali, uyakwazi ngokusebenzisa imizimba yabo futhi amandla anikezwe kuye okunomthelela ngempumelelo ku isimo sezomnotho cishe kunoma yiliphi izwe lapho eyilungu.