Izihlahla into encane: ngebuhle nebubi

Kuze kube manje, engadini amancane - hhayi fancy, kodwa ngempela ngokoqobo zezwe. Ukuthandwa okwandayo izihlahla yemifino kungenxa eziningi eziwusizo, phakathi okuyizinto - engadini yobuhle Ornamental, onikeza ezithela luningi.

Yini abizwa ngokuthi yemifino nezihlahla zezithelo ezingu

Izihlahla etholwe ukuxhumelela ezihlukahlukene oyifunayo baphumela isiphunzi ekhethekile okuthiwa yemifino, kodwa inembile inkulumo ethi lokhu: izihlahla ku isiphunzi yemifino.

isitokwe ekhethiwe kufanele ube neminyaka elilodwa noma amabili. Kuxhunyelelwa ufezwa luthela elele noma germinating iso. Abanye abalimi entwasahlobo uncamela inoculate ahlabayo uhlangothi cortex.

izihlahla into encane ingatholakala izihlahla eqinile-ezikhulayo, lapho izitshalo usemusha. abalobi American Gertman futhi Koestler encwadini yakhe ukuthi lo msebenzi kungenzeka uma kwesihlahla abasha ukusika isiqeshana amagxolo bese uyivule abasebenzela. Kodwa ezweni lethu, ucwaningo ezifana ungakakwenzi le, ngakho ayikwazi ukukhuluma mayelana ukuthembeka ulwazi.

Izinzuzo main

engadini omncanyana Ezindaweni zethu akayena isikali kwandile, kodwa izinzuzo ongakhetha ezinjalo balimi eziningi kakade baziswa emhlabeni. amanothi:

• isikhathi encishisiwe isiqalo fruiting. Wonke umuntu ejwayelene yokuthi izihlahla zendabuko eyingqabavu ziqala ukuthela izithelo emva kweminyaka eminingi umuntu 5-7 emva kokutshala. Futhi zidinga iminyaka 7-10 ekulinganiseni kwezitshalo. Yemifino nezihlahla zezithelo ezingu angene yobudala evundile kuyinto 3-4 iminyaka emva kokutshala. Ukuvuna umnyuziki bazokujabulela ukuba okuyisilinganiso seminyaka engu-7. Isikhathi kulondolozwa abalulekile, akunjalo?
• ukunakekelwa Easy. izihlahla into encane, ayibi ngamamitha amabili. Ukwanda okunamandla umqhele zivame ukuba. Zonke ukwelashwa kudingekile prodelyvat kungenzeka ngokuqondile phansi.
• ndawo incane uma kuqhathaniswa amandla. Lapho omunye umuthi likhula ensimini bendabuko (kabani supply endaweni 45 m²), kungenziwa itshalwe isitshalo yemifino 5 ngamandla endaweni 8 m².
• umkhiqizo okuphezulu. Abazalanisi emhlabeni wonke, kanye abatshali kanye izazi zezolimo namahlathi uthi ephakeme ukusebenza isivuno nje ngaleso yemifino nezihlahla zezithelo ezingu, kunokuba kusuka nozakwabo bendabuko.

Ukungapheleli yemifino ekutshaleni

Naphezu uhlu eside izinzuzo, yemifino nezihlahla zezithelo ezingu kanye izingadi benezingane eziningi ezingezinhle, okumele kunakwe. okungukuthi:

• nezindleko ezidingeka kokuqala iyadingeka ukudala ipulazi yemifino, ungayeka ezinye balimi.
• Ezinye izinhlobo ingashintshwa ukuze sezulu esifudumele kakhulu, ngakho ukuze usinde ebusika zethu, bamane abakwazi.
• Ngobufushane bokuphila.
• Into encane , imithi eminingi yezithelo ngenxa lungafundile zokutshala izinhlobo othambekele ushintsho izinga.
• izindleko ezengeziwe elihlobene ne ukufakwa izisekelo. Kuyinto kwezinye izimo nje isidingo, kusukela izitshalo yemifino ohlelweni impande ayijulile. A ukwesekwa ugwema kulimaze esihlahleni, ukuphulwa amagatsha ngaphansi Isisindo isivuno, ukuhlanza inhlabathi.
• Njalo nangokucophelela izihlahla lezi zihlahla uyisidingo. Kungenjalo-ke kuyinto nokucekelwa ngokushesha olubonakalayo izinga, ubukhulu kanye nokunikeza izithelo.
• Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi phezu yemifino ingadi yesondlo ilula, ingabe kufanele yenziwe yini njalo. Kungenjalo, nemvelo kuzokwenza ukulungiswa zazo ezimbi.

Izinhlobonhlobo eziyinhloko undersized for engadini

Naphezu kwabo kalula nje ukuthi izinto zadalwa, kodwa engamangalelwa nangento eyodwa uhlobo izithelo zomuthi ngamunye, ungathola ke uzakwabo elibhekwa njengabaThwa.

Okuhle yemifino nezihlahla zezithelo ezingu etholakala amapentshisi, nectarines, apula, ithini lamapheya, plums, ngoba zikhule ngisho izimbiza. Kodwa lapho uthenga isitokwe akufanele bayakhohlwa kwedivayisi zezitshalo ngokuxhunyelelwa isiko lapho ezizoqinisa.

Ethandwa kakhulu izihlahla yemifino ethulwa:

- Apple Tree, okuyiwona indlela elula ukwenza isitokwe. Kuze kube manje, sibonga umsebenzi onzima futhi yenkuthalo abalimi ziningi yemifino apula izihlahla ezithanda isivuno mningi nokuzabalazela izifo.

- amagonandoda, ukuthi ifomu yemifino eziqinile ngempela, ukumelana nokushintsha izimo sezulu kanye isivuno.

- zamapetshisi izinhlobo: Peach Sweet Cap, ngubani lapho usukhulile has a ukuphakama 1.8 amamitha. izihlahla into encane kuleli isiphunzi evundile. Ziyakwazi amnandi, nge ukubasa umlilo inyama eyethile emhlophe. Phakathi izinzuzo Kuyaphawuleka isithwathwa nesomiso ukumelana.

- UFO: Peach zamapetshisi izinhlobo, okuzokwenza ukujabulisa izithelo esinamanzi nge uginindela aphuzi futhi ukunambitheka ushukela-sweet.

- into encane Blue iplamu Mahhala, emelanayo isifo, nesomiso kanye frost.

- Plum uMongameli ku isiphunzi yemifino. Lena ngenye yama-izinhlobo eziningi ebusika-eziqinile ezinikeza isivuno esikhulu futhi ngokushesha ukugcwalisa endaweni engadini.

- Late Chachakskoy sokuvuna iplamu ngasekupheleni September. izitshalo yemifino kule isiphunzi amelana chlorosis, umdlavuza kohlelo impande. Izithombo izinhlobo yemifino kwemithi Chachaksky amelana frost nehlobo nesomiso.

Ukutshala yemifino izithombo

Ukutshala yemifino nezihlahla zezithelo ezingu kwenzeka ikakhulukazi by ngokuxhunyelelwa ebusika. Uma ukhetha izinhlobo, angathathwa kuwo kwakunezigqiki ezithambile ka rootstocks clonal, kufanele sikhumbule ukuthi ukuxhumelela ahlabayo kunciphisa kakhulu hardiness ebusika zalesi sihlahla kuqala. Ngakho-ke, i-milisa best homologated izinhlobo ebusika-eziqinile. Clone faka kungaba ukusika yemifino isiphunzi ebusika-eziqinile.

Ibhokisi kufanele kungabi isikhathi eside kunaleso 18 amasentimitha. A obuphelele ezincane akukuniki buthakathaka oyifunayo of the izinhlobo kuwo of ukukhula. Izithombo of yemifino nezihlahla zezithelo ezingu, noma kunalokho, Ukufakwa kwazo ubude eside zivimbela kakhulu ukukhula ngesikhathi kokufika ensimini eyayiyikhaya kuvimbela isivuno kanye nekhwalithi izithelo onakala.

Imithetho kokufika bonsai

Beautiful kusukela iphuzu yobuhle umbono engadini evundile bonsai futhi zingase zimiswe, uma nigcina eziningi imithetho ukubeka phambili okutshalwe izihlahla ku isiphunzi yemifino.

1. Kufanele itshalwe kwentwasahlobo emgodini ububanzi ezijulile, okuzokwenza ekhaya izimpande zalesi sihlahla ngokukhululekile.
2. Izwe emgodini exutshwa umquba oluhlaza.
3. Ukuhlola ezimpandeni kwakunezigqiki ezithambile, asuse amathiphu kanye izimpande ezilimele noma onesifo ngaphambi kokutshala isidingo cwilisa ku ingxube impande.
4. Ukuze phakamisa esihlahleni, kubalulekile ukuba badedele phansi emgodini esincane umquba umquba.
5. Yisithombo iconsi emgodini embozwe umhlaba, izandla ukusabalalisa inhlabathi phakathi izimpande.
6. Khona emgodini ugcwele isigamu umhlabathi ohlangene kahle.
7. Izwe esisele futhi luphinde ohlangene.

isihlahla akudingekile ukuba batshale kakhulu. Lokhu kungaholela ukuwohloka yayo, Ukuwohloka isivuno kanye izinga amamaki. Ungakhohlwa mayelana izitshalo uboshelwe ukwesekwa okudingekayo bonsai. Ungasebenzisa isiqeshana of enjoloba, okuyinto ukusekela esihlahleni, ngeke ubuhlungu uqweqwe elincanyana.

Kanjani ukuze sihlakulele lezi izitshalo kahle

ukutshalwa Proper - kuyisihluthulelo i isivuno sasiyoba sikhulu emthini ngiphilile futhi nginamandla. kahle kanjani ukunakekela yemifino nezihlahla zezithelo ezingu?

• Indawo ezungeze isiqu esihlahleni okufanele kuhlale kuhlanzekile kugcinelwe, okungukuthi zonke ukhula kumelwe kususwe.
• It is hhayi Kunconywa ukuba uvumele kumiswa uqweqwe phezu komhlaba. Ukuze ugweme lokhu, kudingeka athambise umhlabathi futhi izakhi ukusetshenziswa mulching. I semboza ngabo izithombo zezihlahla kangcono izitshalo yemifino - umquba ngokwengxenye ukubola.
• Semboza ngabo izithombo zezihlahla kufanele igcinwe kude isiqu esihlahleni. ibanga elilungile - isigamu imitha noma ngaphezulu. Umngcele yangaphandle kufanele kuhambisane selilonke we umqhele simila.
• Kusukela mulching kufanele kugwenywe kwenkathi yezimvula nenhlabathi esindayo kakhulu.
• Ustilka hay kuyadingeka e Ezindaweni ezinesomiso ne umhlabathi owomile ngokushesha.

efaka umquba bonsai

amahlumela okusha kanye namagatsha kwesihlahla akhiwa parallel impande izinqubo ezintsha, kusale umhlabathi. Ukwandisa ukukhula balimi sabhekana zisebenzisa umquba umquba ukubola umquba Izingxube futhi inhlanganisela yawo.

Efaka umquba indandatho kufanelekile enhlabathini. Akufanele uthinte isiqu somuthi, njengoba lokhu kungalimaza izimpande Element zalesi sihlahla. Positioning umquba kungase kube khona ukufana mulching.

ukunakekelwa ebusika

Njengoba sekushiwo, uhlelo impande izitshalo engajulile yemifino, ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu nendawo yokuhlala ubusika. Ukuvikela semboza ngabo izithombo zezihlahla ebusika inhlabathi indulungu-isiqu. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ungathatha le sawdust, Peat, mulbumagu ngongqimba eziningana. 8-10 cm ungqimba bakwazi ukuvikela izimpande engenalo iqhwa ebusika.

Ukwenza mulching kangcono ngemva frost kuqala, ukuze ngingasebenzisi ukugxambukela ogelezayo nokumanzisa izimvula inhlabathi ekwindla.

Uma likhithika iqhwa, kungaba angavezwa mulching. Phakathi iqhwa ebusika kwezihlahla, kuyatuseka ukuba uthele, kodwa lezo zindawo ukuthi ngeke denude umhlabathi iziqu esihlahleni.

izihlahla into encane, okuyinto manje izithombe ngokuvamile kuhlobisa izincwadi engadini, anekhono ukunakekelwa esifanele isivuno muhle noma yimuphi umuthi eyingqabavu bendabuko.