Izibambiso lemininingwane - ke ... Incazelo, Incazelo, engcupheni kanye nezincomo

inkampani ngayinye ikhipha izibambiso, kodwa kukhona eziningi umehluko wemisindo nemiqondo yamagama kulo msebenzi. Ezimweni ezithile, udaba kokuqala ezengeziwe kudinga ekubhaleni ithuluzi esibophezelayo - ukwabelana kubhaliswe. Ukuze uzulazule izizathu ekubhaleni le dokhumenti, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi izibambiso lemininingwane - a imfanelo esiyisibopho udaba wabelane ngayo, noma ngabe lakhiwa kuphela ezimweni ezithile.

I benesidingo up lemininingwane

Ukuze uqonde kangcono ukuqokwa ngaphansi ukucatshangelwa lemininingwane kufanele ichaze umqondo walo. Lemininingwane izibambiso - incwadi ebalulekile okuhambisana udaba lamasheya webhizinisi futhi inikeza ulwazi mayelana wezitifiketi, futhi ulwazi izici eziyisisekelo zale kusebenta kwato: sezimali, nokubika idatha, abanikazi bamasheya, njll ...

Lo mbhalo liyadingeka zigunyazwe yokwakheka abantu lokuqala inkampani noma isigungu inhlangano, wanika leli lungelo. . Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungenziwa abuyekezwa, ethengiswayo zezimali eqinisekisiwe noma umxhumanisi okhethekile izibambiso.

Njengoba lemininingwane kufaka amabhlogo sasivumela olunzulu yezingxenye ezahlukene inkampani, kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ibanga zezikhonzi kwezomnotho. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi inkampani uqobo eba izibambiso lemininingwane, isampuli lapho ifomu kanzima Kunconywa engekho.

Le mfuneko esemqoka - iyona ukufakwa lonke ulwazi oludingekayo, okuyinto lihlelwe esimweni ukuthi ibonisa imithetho ukudalulwa ngoba issuers izinkampani izibambiso.

Ngubani Avenue

Njengoba kuphawuliwe, imininingwane enikeziwe in lemininingwane, futhi udalula imisebenzi ezezimali nezomnotho inhlangano, kuyoba inombolo ebalulekile abadlali emakethe.

Njengoba lemininingwane iqukethe ulwazi ukusebenza kwenkampani futhi izizathu zokuthi kungani udaba lamasheya, ngokuyinhloko abathakazelayo bamasheya. Nabanye ababambe iqhaza - zimali, okuyinto, esekelwe idatha enikeziwe, ngeke ekwakheni isinqumo ukuthenga amasheya.

. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-lonke ulwazi kubabambiqhaza emakethe, wadalula lemininingwane kumele zenziwe zitholakale ngaphambi ukukhululwa kuyokwenzeka.

Izibambiso futhi ukuphuma

Ukushicilelwa izibambiso elikhiphe inkampani kumele ngempela sihambisana enkambweni ethile isenzo ebekiwe nomthetho obusa kwemakethe izibambiso. Wathi inqubo kuhlanganisa izinyathelo:

• Unolwazi isinqumo inhloso ukukhipha ukwabelana;
• ukwamukelwa yaleso sinqumo;
• ukubhaliswa State of the inqubo;
• ukukhiqizwa izitifiketi izibambiso esikhishwe;
• yokuhlala;
• sokubhaliswa sehlangano yomphakathi ngenxa ukukhululwa kwe-mbiko.

. Izimali isitokwe udaba sehlangano yomphakathi eqala ebuvumela ukuba nenombolo ye ohambelana okwakuyoholela kufanele ahlanganyele kunoma imiphi imisebenzi okwalandela esikhishwe izibambiso.

Izinketho nokubekwa izibambiso

Izinjongo zalolu daba share yilezi: ukudalwa zokuqhuba umsebenzi wenkampani, ukuphatha imali yokuthola imithombo yezimali kanye nokunye.

Uma le nkinga lamasheya aphethwe ngendlela okuphethwe yangasese, kodwa-ke kubizwa ngokuthi kuyimfihlo, bese Kulezo zimo akwenziwa isaziso umphakathi inqubo. . ukwabelana Ikhishwe izonikezwa embuthanweni avaliwe abantu.

Enye okufana ukusabalala izibambiso - umnikelo umphakathi phakathi embuthanweni angenamkhawulo abantu. Kuleso simo sidinga ukuvezwa esiphezulu, okuyinto kubonakala lemininingwane. It is kule okufana ukusabalala kudinga ukubhaliswa isimo izibambiso lemininingwane. Ngalolu futhi Kuzoxoxwa.

Bhalisa lamasheya obhalisiwe

Ukubhalisa kwamatayitela (lemininingwane) iyadingeka ukuze umphakathi ukubekwa yabo. Izindlela kulokhu kukhona abaningi, kuhlanganise nge isitokwe Ukuhwebelana.

Ukwamukelwa lemininingwane umzimba abafanele kulezi zimo ezilandelayo:

1. Lapho empeleni isibalo bamasheya ezingaphezu kuka-500.
2. Amasheya izindleko phakathi kwabanikazi bamasheya kuzodlula umkhawulo ayizinkulungwane 50. SMIC.
3. Amasheya izokwabiwa phakathi kwabanikazi bamasheya.
4. Kusolwa ukuguqulwa lamasheya nomnikelo yomphakathi.
5. Ephambi kwezinduna yokubhalisa avaliwe, kepha uma njengobunengi bemiphefumulo kusukela phakathi kwabanikazi bamasheya idlula abantu abangamakhulu ayisihlanu.

Inhlangano yomphakathi bangase bangabamukeli ubufakazi isiphetho wokukhulula, bese ukubhaliswa lemininingwane kwamatayitela udaba uzophinde ilahlwe. . Wokwalelwa kungenzeka ukwehluleka ukuhambisana nezidingo umkhiphi empikiswaneni imithetho umthetho futhi kunyatheliswa amakhophi izibambiso, ukungabi ekukhokhweni taxe, ezihlobene, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ne daba, ulwazi olungamanga noma zomgunyathi ohlinzekelwe yona u-umkhiphi uqobo.

Kuze kube manje, inhlangano alibhalisiwe futhi anamukelanga sinqumo esihle isiphathimandla esifanele, ke sinqatshelwe ukufeza noma iyiphi imisebenzi ehlobene izibambiso.

Okuqukethwe ulwazi wadalula lemininingwane

Njengoba ngaphambili kuchazwe, lo lemininingwane izibambiso - kuyinto idokhumenti, okuyinto isakhiwa ngolikhiphile futhi liqukethe ulwazi ebalulekile phezu imisebenti yetemnotfo kanye ukusebenza yayo kule nkampani.

Esimweni lapho isenzo isakazwe okubhaliselwe noma nganoma iyiphi enye indlela umphakathi ukuvezwa kungokudingekayo. . Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi akukhona kuphela umphakathi, kodwa futhi yangasese okubhaliselwe indlela kuzobandakanya ukubhaliswa lemininingwane, uma benza amacala kuchaziwe ngenhla.

Izindlela zokuxhumana Imininingwane zihlukile, kodwa akusho lokho ngempela iyona ncwadi kule edition ukuphrinta nge ukusabalala omkhulu Amakhophi esingaphansi ayizinkulungwane 10. Lokhu kuyiqiniso ngoba okubhaliselwe yomphakathi. ukuzungeza Ukuze ubhalise elibiyelwe akufanele kube ngaphansi kuka-ayinkulungwane amakhophi.

Lapho ukushicilela ulwazi kumele kube imininingwane samanje inkampani ngokukhipha, inani capital ogunyaziwe, izindleko (ngokulinganisa) ukuphepha kanye nenye idatha ebalulekile ephathelene ne-inkinga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, qiniseka ukuthi incazelo ukubukeka ukulondeka nesivikelo idokhumenti value.

Secondary share nkinga kuyi lemininingwane

Kokubili okuyinhloko kabusha Ukukhishwa lamasheya kudinga ukugujwa zonke izinkambiso zenqubo. Uma impikiswano yesibili lamasheya kungaphansi izimo ngaphansi okuyinto ngempela kumelwe sibe ekuvezweni komphakathi kolwazi ke izibambiso lemininingwane - liphinde idokhumenti kungaphansi ukulungiselela kanye nokubhaliswa.

Bank njengoba umkhiphi izibambiso

Ýkhasýmende inhlangano, njenganoma iyiphi enye uhlobo ibhizinisi okuhlangene isitokwe, udaba ukwabelana predetermined ubunikazi bayo. Imithetho General sokukhishwa izibambiso kunqunywa imithetho kule ndawo, kodwa kukhona ezinye izici.

Okokuqala, inqubo udaba lamasheya ilawulwa eziningi imithetho ezikhethekile neziqondiso ezisebenza yona ngamabhange. Ngakho, ukulaya Central Bank, okuyinto ithuthukiswe lwemithetho izibambiso, issuers yikuphi ngamabhange inquma udaba kuphela kulezi zimo ezilandelayo: uma inhlangano asebhange, ukwandisa inhlokodolobha share futhi edonsa izinsiza wezimali omusha.

Udaba eyinhloko ukwabelana kwenzeka kuphela kumbuthano avaliwe. . Noma yimuphi izibambiso ukuthi ikhishwa yiBhange kufanele ibhaliswe ku Central Bank.

Njengezinye issuers kwamatayitela, isikhungo credit ihambisana izigaba nkinga siyakulungisa lemininingwane kwamatayitela ebhange. Wokudalula - njengemfuneko saziso. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le dokhumenti kufanele sibuyekezwe futhi kuvunywe i-audit inkampani ezimele.

engcupheni

Naphezu kwazo zonke lezo izinzuzo zaleli lemininingwane, kukhona ezinye ukukhathazeka, okungase zihlukaniswe ngamaqembu eziningana. Basuke ngezansi:

• umkhakha izingozi;
• isimo nawesifunda izingozi;
• izingozi wezimali;
• izingozi ezisemthethweni;
• ingozi nokulahlekelwa ibhizinisi idumela (ingozi idumela) ;
• ingozi amasu;
• izingozi ezihlobene nemisebenzi umkhiphi sika;
• izingozi yasebhange.

isiphetho

Njalo inkampani ifomu wabo wokufundisa kuhilela inkinga lamasheya ngeke ukuhambisana nayo yonke imithetho zenqubo kule ndawo yomsebenzi.

Izibambiso lemininingwane - ingenye imibhalo saziso ukuthi inkampani ngokukhipha nazo kufanele zibhaliswe ngaphansi lemtimba wahulumende uma udaba lamasheya kumelwe ilingane izimfuneko ekuvezweni komphakathi.