IThrojani efaka isimeli seseva - wukuthi ...? I izakhiwo kanye nokwakheka iThrojani efaka isimeli seseva

IThrojani efaka isimeli seseva - ingenye zamatshe emkhathini woMhlaba. It has nethonya elikhulu kakhulu emhlabeni futhi engcono uhlole ngumuntu. Yiphi indima iThrojani efaka isimeli seseva? Yini izakhiwo ukuthini?

Izendlalelo Umkhathi

I imvilophi gaseous planethi ngokuthi umkhathi. Wayebonakala umboza Earth. Ezansi kuba nabo ebusweni uqweqwe kanye hydrosphere, engxenyeni engenhla - ixhunywe emkhathini.

Isibhakabhaka oluhamba iplanethi futhi eyayiqhutshelwa eduze ke ngenxa amabutho gravity. Amandla ayo, ezifana ukuminyana, ukubunjwa, lokushisa, umswakama, ziyahlukahluka emazingeni ehlukene. Kuye bag wabo imvelo igesi ihlukaniswe yaba izingxenye eziningana - izingqimba. Yiziphi izingqimba umkhathi has?

I iThrojani efaka isimeli seseva kuyinto ephansi. kwakhiwa Kukhona yisimo sezulu, kukhona amafu. Khona-ke lulandela Stratosphere. Iqukethe omningi we-ozone, elibamba ingxenye emisebeni ultraviolet, okwenza kube ngaphansi yingozi kithi. Isendlalelo enomoya kuyinto mesosphere. Amazinga kwalo kungukuchotshozwa ngezansi -90 degrees.

Cishe 90 futhi ukuphakama amakhilomitha 500 kuyinto thermosphere. Kuyinto kule Imiphumela ungqimba e Aurora. Ngenxa lemali elikhulu ngama-athomu ionized futhi mesosphere thermosphere ndawonye ngokuthi "ionosphere". I last ungqimba - exosphere. Wayengumuntu azinasisindo futhi akukho imingcele ecacile yangaphandle, ukuhlanganisa kahle nge isikhala interplanetary.

iThrojani efaka isimeli seseva

I iThrojani efaka isimeli seseva - wembozwe wumoya, nezoqala ebusweni Earth. Anakho nethonya elikhulu kakhulu emhlabeni. Ukuphakama iThrojani efaka isimeli seseva incike latitude. Ezindaweni ezibandayo, igcina ezingeni ukuphakama amakhilomitha 10, ezindaweni elisenkabazwe ye umkhawulo layo elingenhla amakhilomitha-18.

Ingxenye engezansi iThrojani efaka isimeli seseva ubizwa ngokuthi kwamaplanethi umngcele ungqimba. Uhlonze lwalo ivela omunye amakhilomitha amabili. Kukhona ukuxhumana kakhulu ezintweni ezenziwa hydrosphere kwesikhwama somoya kanye eqinile Zomhlaba.

By iThrojani efaka isimeli seseva Stratosphere kungaqali Abut ngqo. Phakathi kwabo kukhona isendlalelo Lesisemkhatsini - tropopause kabani ukujiya amabanga kusuka ngamamitha ambalwa amakhilomitha amabili. Temperature therein akusho ziyahlukahluka nge ukuphakama, ngokungafani kuya iThrojani efaka isimeli seseva. Ukuphakama ungqimba zingahluka: ke incipha nge zasezindaweni nge anticyclones - iyakhula.

isakhiwo

IThrojani efaka isimeli seseva - ingxenye enkulu kakhulu emkhathini. It ama-akhawunti angaphezu kuka-75 isisindo% we gasbag. I iThrojani efaka isimeli seseva siqukethe cishe kuyo yonke indawo, umhwamuko emkhathini (ama-98%). Zogqinsi esele cishe elingenalo le ngxenye.

Ezansi, ebusweni ezingeni ungqimba kuyinto 99% aerosols ekhona imvilophi igesi. Ziyakwazi izinhlayiya emihle amvusa uquqaba phansi emoyeni: uthuli, intuthu amangqamuzana, isitshalo ezinhlamvu, uLwandle Lukasawoti.

Air iThrojani efaka isimeli seseva kakhulu ayegcwele oxygen ne-nitrogen eningi. Limatasa e nokusakazwa izinto endalweni bese izingxenye ayinhloko adingekayo ukuze asekele ukuphila eMhlabeni. umoya-mpilo Ubude emkhathini at 21% mass, gas nitrogen - 78%.

Esikhathini iThrojani efaka isimeli seseva, wokuqukethwe lelisetulu argon ne-carbon dioxide, njengoba kuqhathaniswa nezinye izingqimba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, liqukethe futhi nabavoti asele umkhathi (neon, i-ammonia, Xenon, Radon, helium, i-hydrogen, i-ozone nokunye okunjalo. D.), Kodwa imali ezincane.

izakhiwo

The main ngokomzimba ungqimba amapharamitha kwabantu, umswakama okuqukethwe, lokushisa nokucindezelwa. Lezi izakhiwo esibalulekile ukuze kwakhiwe kwesimo sezulu nezenzakalo Emhlabeni. Ezindaweni ezahlukene futhi zindawo ezahlukene izinkomba zabo azifani.

Ingaphezulu iplanethi, ikakhulukazi izilwandle aqoqana ukushisa kwelanga kanye okunika emoyeni. Ngakho-ke, izinga lokushisa phansi kule iThrojani efaka isimeli seseva ngaphezulu. Umswakama bathuthukisa ezindaweni eziphansi ungqimba kunciphe nge ukuphakama. Kuphinde kube nomthelela izinga lokushisa - yonke amamitha ayikhulu ukuphakama ephakamisa kuyehla 0.65 degrees, uze ufike endaweni tropopause.

I ukuminyana futhi ingcindezi futhi kunciphisa nge ukuphakama. Ngokwesibonelo, ingcindezi at the ungqimba phezulu incane izikhathi 6-7 kuka ezingeni ulwandle. I kwabantu incipha kancane kancane, kodwa iguquka obonakalayo futhi.

Umoya iba kwaphela futhi iqukethe mpilo omncane ne-nitrogen per unit ivolumu. Ngenxa yalokhu, ezintabeni bathambekele ukuphefumula ukuhlala unamandla amaningi ezindaweni eziphakeme kakhulu livela anoxia.

kumiswa sezulu

I iThrojani efaka isimeli seseva - ungqimba ebangelwa umkhathi, okuyinto iningi ngenkuthalo baxhumana kobuso Earth. Amandla ayo ngokomzimba zithonywa sezulu emhlabeni.

Umehluko ingcindezi, ukuminyana futhi lokushisa emoyeni kudala ukunyakaza. I esibandayo futhi luthe ukuqina, emoyeni uquqaba bavame izifunda kwabantu aphansi, futhi izinga lokushisa. Ngenxa yalokho, kwakhiwa izimpi, izishingishane futhi anticyclones, enquma sezulu.

Wind in the iThrojani efaka isimeli seseva kwandisa nge kokuwa. Emngceleni ne tropopause, kuba ephakeme kathathu kunaleyo surface eMhlabeni. Linikeza nokusakazwa emkhathini, ezihamba kokubili meridional nesiqondiso latitudinal.

Umoya nawo uhilelekile kule ukuthuthwa umswakama kanye aerosols. Esikhathini iThrojani efaka isimeli seseva banamathela greenhouse gases (i-methane, i-ozone, carbon dioxide), singavumeli bona ahlule. Zinqwabelanisa emkhathini, sandla kumiswa izinhlobo ezahlukene amafu. Futhi ukufingqa zabo kuholela kwezulu.