Ufuzo kanye nezindaba nobulili transsexuality

Esikhathini waseBhayibhelini incwadi kaGenesise kulotshiwe ngemvelaphi zilwane Homo Sapiens Sapiens: «abesilisa nabesifazane uNkulunkulu wabadala." Ngakho bangobani - owesilisa nowesifazane, halves ezimbili noma zenyathi ezimbili ezahlukene? Oxhumene ngokuba ukuzala yezidalwa kulo lonke ekuphileni, noma, ngaphezulu ngendlela efanele, kwezinye izici zokuphila, ngaphezu zokuzala - abangane noma izitha? Ngokwazi ungubani komuntu kuncike okuqondene layo elilodwa noma ezinye "ikamu"? Futhi ubulili zofuzo kungathinta izimpikiswano transsexuality?

U-Aristotle, ngubani wayengeyona isayensi yesimanje zofuzo, ngisho e-4th ekhulwini BC, wakhuluma amazwi okuhlakanipha: "Umuntu edonsa indoda." Ngemva kweminyaka engu-cishe amabili nanye namakhulu nengxenye, ngo-1956, ososayensi baye babonisa ukuthi ukwakheka komzimba leduna kamama umzimba wemfanelo Y-chromosome, okuyinto kudlule kuphela kusuka ubaba endodaneni yakhe njengoba e unina engekho. Kuyinto kwesonto lesishiyagalombili, umbungu oluqondisa ukwakheka we nezindlala ocansini, futhi zizenza amasende zabesilisa. Lokhu zofuzo of ocansini inquma ubulili okwengeziwe morphological, okungukuthi, lapho kumiswa Izitho zangasese bangaphandle, esezele ingane, futhi njengoba ikhula, izici ngokobulili yesibili.

Ukuba khona noma ukungabi khona Y-chromosome nomthelela gonadal (ukuqhubeka esibelethweni zezinsikazi noma testes besilisa) gamete (ikhono nezindlala ukukhiqiza amaqanda nesidoda) kanye ocansini hormone (uma umzimba ukhiqiza i-estrogen, noma androgens - besilisa hormone nabesimame). Kodwa njengoba umuntu - isidalwa kwezenhlalo, zofuzo ubulili hhayi kuphela kuthinta umuntu, kodwa umphakathi uqobo, nemithetho yawo esiqinile futhi izisekelo. Ngakho, umuntu futhi umjaho civil - umuntu yena wanezela abanye. Nge civil eze ngqo exhunywe ubulili - zangasese izici eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi ukuziphatha ukuthi umphakathi ulindele (futhi ngokuvamile zidinga) ku abezindaba yomuntu wesilisa noma wesifazane. Ngokwesibonelo, kumuntu kulindeleke ukuba isibindi, nesihluku ezithile, ukuzimela, futhi kusukela abesifazane - umsungulo, isisa kuhulumeni, usebenze umsebenzi emotionality.

Nokho, lapho chromosomal ubulili kunquma Ngokuvumelana uphawu lwethu njengamaKristu abesilisa nabesifazane. Ukwenqabela imingcele ngokobulili neze eyabonisa transsexualism: 'Uma owesifazane ofuna kahle "owesilisa" umsebenzi noma ukubonisa ukuzimela futhi isibindi ekwenzeni izinqumo, akusho ukuthi kunjani indoda. Imane ukubhikisha ngokumelene yokuthi lokhu noma lokhuya umsebenzi ubhekwa iduna nensikazi ophoqelelwe phezu eyodwa noma nezinye ukuziphatha. Kodwa kuthiwani uma abantu bobulili begazi ayifani la mazwi ngokukhulu ukuqiniseka ngokwengqondo umuntu okuqondene omunye ucansi?

Ngo-1990, usosayensi waseBrithani P.Gudfellou uphenyo besilisa Y-chromosome futhi SRY bethole isakhi unesibopho ukukhiqizwa kwe-testosterone. Ngakho isayensi ubulili zofuzo seyithuthuke esinye isinyathelo. I ukulinga ezincelisayo luye lwabonisa ukuthi uma umbungu zesifazane Wawufaka kusaqalwa isakhi sofuzo SRY, wobulili izitho besilisa kwakheka akuvezi iqiniso lokuthi owesilisa okuzelwe - ukukhanya livela insikazi izici zesifazane mbumbulu hermaphroditism. Uma i-embryo, iduna ukuvimba ukuthuthukiswa kwe-testosterone, ikhulela owesilisa mbumbulu hermaphroditism.

Kodwa transsexuality - akusiyo nje khona izici ezithile zobulili bedle testosterone. Shemale ngokuphelele organically alamukeli wobulili ukuzimisela zofuzo, azinikwa nemvelo futhi zivame ukuba nibe ngabakaJesu wobulili obuhlukile. Futhi lesi sifiso, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi aba namuphi abefundisi ngokuziphatha olandelanayo - akuyona fantasy njengokukhuluma okuyize, futhi akubona ubufakazi ukuwohloka kwesimilo. Ngemva transsexualism iqala ukuzibonakalisa e izingane ezincane (cishe iminyaka emibili), lapho ingane efuna ukuba abizwe ngegama enikeza wobulili obuhlukile. imfundo Ubulili ngokuphelele alenzi lutho, futhi kuchubekisela embili ukuhlukumezeka kuphela. Boys bakhangwa onodoli nezimvunulo, amantombazane pugnacious futhi udlale ku imidlalo "boyish". Ngesikhathi ngiba ibhungu e nabashintshe ubulili livela isithakazelo "okuphambene" - ezingqondweni zabo - futhi "ngumnikazi" - emehlweni umphakathi - phansi. Transsexualism kuthinta cishe umuntu oyedwa njalo 150,000 - okungukuthi, iphesenti abantu abanjalo emphakathini mikhulu.