Isistimu ye-inter-agency yokuxhumana kwe-elektroniki (SMEW) nemisebenzi yesistimu. Ubuchwepheshe bolwazi

Uhlelo lwemininingwane oluqukethe imininingwane yolwazi olugcina imininingwane mayelana nesofthiwe ne-hardware esetshenziswe izinhlangano futhi evumela ukusetshenziswa kwamasevisi e-elektroniki, imilayezo ye-elektroniki uma inikezwa ngamasevisi kamasipala nesifundazwe, kanye nokuqinisekisa ukuxhumana phakathi kwezinhlelo zezokwaziswa ze-elekthronikhi ezinhlanganweni ezisetshenziswayo Uma unikeza izinsizakalo zikahulumeni nezomasipala ngendlela yokuhamba komsebenzi wedijithali, uhlelo lwe-electronic inter-departmental onnogo nokuxhumana (SMEV).

Inhloso yokuthuthukiswa kwesistimu

Uhlelo lwama-electronic interaction lwama-computer olwamukelwa yi-RF kahulumeni ka-Septhemba 8, 2010 ngaphansi kwenombolo 697. Ibeka imithetho esemqoka yokudala, kanye nokusebenza kahle kohlelo lokuxhumana nokudluliswa kolwazi, oluzosetshenziselwa ukusetshenziswa kwalo phakathi kwezinhlelo zolwazi lwezinhlaka zombuso zamandla aphezulu ezifundeni zezwe, izinhlangano eziphethwe yi-federal executive UHulumeni, izimali ezingaphezulu kwesabelomali kanye nokusekelwa kahulumeni, izikhungo zikamasipala nezombuso, i-MFC nezinye izikhungo ngenhloso yokuhlinzeka ngezinsizakalo (State kanye nomasipala), kanye nokwenziwa kwemisebenzi emazingeni kamasipala nesifunda ngendlela yokuphathwa kwedokhumenti.

Uma wenza imisebenzi kamasipala nesifunda ohlelweni lokusakaza kwedokhumenti ye-elekthronikhi nokuhlinzekwa kwezinsizakalo zikahulumeni, ukuxhumana kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nokwaziswa kwazo zonke izinhlangano nezinhlangano ezixhunyiwe kufanele kuqinisekiswe. Ukuthembela kulo mgomo, uhlelo oluhlanganisiwe lokusebenzisana kwe-electronical interagency lakhiwe. Lolu uhlelo lwama-state olugcwele lwazi olusemthethweni.

Incazelo yesistimu

Inhloso eyinhloko ye-SMEE ukuxazulula imisebenzi eminingi. Njengale:

- ukuqaliswa okungaqinisekisiwe kwemisebenzi kamasipala neyezwe ngokusebenzisa ukuphathwa kwedokhumenti,

- ukuhlinzekwa kwezinsizakalo ezingeni likahulumeni kanye nomasipala ngesimo se-elekthronikhi, kuhlanganise nokusetshenziswa kwekhadi leplastiki le-elekthronikhi enhlobonhlobo futhi umbuso (ngesisekelo sokwazisa) isisekelo solwazi "I-portal yombuso wombuso kanye nezinsizakalo zikamasipala (imisebenzi)",

- Isiqiniseko, ngokuhambisana nokwaziswa kwedokhumenti ye-elekthronikhi, ukwaziswa kolwazi ekuhlinzekeni kwezinsizakalo noma imisebenzi kumasipala kanye / noma ngesifundazwe.

Ukusebenzisana kwezobuchwepheshe

Ngokwebuchwepheshe, kungenzeka ukuxhumanisa ukusebenzisana kwalesi simiso ngokusebenzisa amasevisi e-elektroniki okumelwe akhiwe ngokuvumelana namazinga ajwayelekile asetshenzisiwe ngokusetshenziswa kwezindlela ezihlangene zobuchwepheshe nezisombululo, kuma-classifiers kanye nezincazelo zokubunjwa kwezingqinamba.

Imisebenzi yesistimu

Okulandelayo kubonakala kubalulekile:

- ukuqinisekisa ukushintshaniswa kwemibono, ulwazi kanye nemibhalo edingekayo ekusebenzeni kwezinsizakalo zikamasipala nezombuso, izindikimba kanye / noma izinhlangano ezihambisana nesistimu yokuxhumana ye-elekthronikhi, ezamenyezelwa nge-portal eyodwa, futhi ezikhokhwayo ngokuhlinzeka izakhamuzi ngezinsizakalo eziceliwe;

- ukuqinisekisa ukushintshaniswa kwamadokhumenti ngendlela ehambisana ne-elekthronikhi phakathi kwezinhlangano kanye / noma izinhlangano ezihambisana ne-CMEA ekusebenzeni kwamasevisi noma imisebenzi kumasipala nesifundazwe;

- siqinisekise ukushintshaniswa kwezicelo, ulwazi kanye nemibhalo ngokusebenzisa i-portal eyodwa esele isetshenziselwa izinhlelo zokwaziswa kanye nolwazi lwezinhlangano nezinhlangano, kanye nolwazi esiteji sokuqaliswa kwesicelo sokwenziwa komsebenzi kumasipala noma kuhulumeni.

Ukuqalisa le misebenzi, uhlelo lokusebenzisana kwe-electronic inter-agency lubophezelekile ukufeza lokhu okulandelayo:

- ukufinyelela okungenakuvinjelwa kolwazi lwamakhompiyutha kanye nezinsizakalo ezixhunywe kuma-SMEW,

- ukulungisa, ukudlulisa nokucubungula amadokhumenti edijithali phakathi kwemingcele yokuxhumana kwezinhlangano nezigungu ngokubhalisa isikhathi sokufaka isicelo, ubuqotho nokuthembeka kwamadokhumenti, kanye nobufakazi bokubhala kwabo nokulandelela umlando wesicelo sethrafikhi ngenkathi inikezela ngamasevisi kahulumeni kanye / noma kamasipala, kanye / noma ukuqaphela umasipala Imisebenzi kahulumeni ngendlela yokwaziswa kwedokhumenti yedijithali,

- kungenzeka ukuthi ujoyine imininingwane ekhona ekhona kanye / noma izigaba ezihlanganisiwe ezifakwe ohlelweni,

- ukuvikelwa kolwazi ohlelweni oluvela ekuhlaselweni kwe-hacker nokufinyelela okungekho emthethweni, kanye nokuvinjelwa kwalo noma ukugwedla kusukela kumanje imibhalo yedijithali kufikela ekuthumeleni kwabo kwamanye amasistimu ekwaziswa,

- ukuphepha kwamadokhumenti edijithali agcinwe kumarejista wezinsizakalo zolwazi zezinhlangano nemizimba exhunywe ku-SMEW kanye nokuhlolwa kokusebenza okuhlanganiswe abhalisiwe ngamasevisi e-elektroniki.

Imilayezo yedatha kanye namadokhumenti aqukethe izimfihlo zombuso ayavunyelwe ukucubungula nokugcina ohlelweni.

Izingxenye zesistimu yokuxhumana nge-elektroniki

Ukuze usebenze ngokuphumelelayo kwe-SMEW, kufanele ixhunyiwe ku:

- izinhlelo zokwazisa ezisezingeni likahulumeni eziwusizo ekuhlinzekeni izinsizakalo zomphakathi kanye nemisebenzi yombuso ngamandla aphezulu ekunikezeleni kombuso kanye nemali eyengeziwe yamabhajethi,

- uhlelo lokusebenzisana kwe-electronic interdepartmental ukuxhaswa kwesifunda, okwakhiwa ezindabeni zezwe, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhlinzekwa kwezinsizakalo zikahulumeni ngendlela ye-elekthronikhi nokufeza umsebenzi wombuso ngamandla aphezulu ezifundazweni zeRussian Federation, kanye nokuhlinzeka ngezinsizakalo ezingeni likaMasipala nokwenza imisebenzi yobuholi bomasipala,

- izinhlelo zolwazi zamanye amabandla kanye / noma izinhlangano, okubandakanyeka kwabo okudingekayo lapho benza imisebenzi yomphakathi nemisebenzi ezingeni likahulumeni noma likamasipala ngezivumelwano ezihambisana nesiphakamiso noma izinhlaka nezinhlangano nezinhlangano ezihlanganyela ohlelweni.

Imisebenzi yamazinga wombuso, wesifunda kanye / noma omasipala anikezela izinsizakalo zomphakathi kufanele agxile ekuqinisekiseni ukungabonakali kokusebenza kwesistimu yokuxhumana nge-elektroniki.

Uhlelo oluhlangene lwe-inter-agency yokuxhumana kwe-elektroniki kanye nezinhlelo zolwazi oluxhunywe kuyo lwenza imisebenzi yabo mahhala.

Uhulumeni no-SMEE

Inqubo yokwakhiwa kwe-e-uhulumeni iye yathuthuka kakhulu ngokufika kwesistimu yokusebenzisana kwe-electronic inter-agency. Ngaphambi kokubonakala kwayo, umsebenzi awuzange uphume kahle ngenxa yobuchwepheshe obuhlukahlukene obudalwa izinhlangano noma imizimba yezinhlelo zolwazi. Ngokuvamile, kulezi zimo, ukushintshaniswa kolwazi kwakungenakwenzeka.

Namuhla, uhlelo lokusebenzisana kwe-elektroniki oluphakathi phakathi kwe-ejensi luvumela ukungasebenzi, futhi ngokuvamile lushintshanisa ngolwazi ngokuzenzakalelayo phakathi kwemizimba nezinhlangano ezixhunyiwe kulesi simiso.

Ngenxa yokuxhumana kwe-elektroniki, i-e-uhulumeni yenza:

- ukunciphisa (uma kungenjalo ngaphandle) umthelela wesimo sezwe sesakhamuzi,

- ukwandisa umsebenzi wezepolitiki wezakhamuzi,

- ukufaka izakhamuzi ngenqubo yokuthola izinsizakalo ezivela kuhulumeni noma kumasipala ngokuzimela, ngokusebenzisa izinsiza ze-elektroniki,

- ngokushesha ukuhlinzeka ngamasevisi kamasipala noma wombuso kubantu kanye / noma ebhizinisini.

Into esemqoka e-uhulumeni ephumelelayo yikhono lokwenza imibhalo ekhaya ngaphandle kokushiya ikhompyutha. Futhi lokhu kuzobandakanya ukunciphisa kwephepha elibomvu lamathrekhi kanye nezithiyo eziphathekayo.

I-Rosreestr kanye nesistimu yokuxhumana kwe-elektroniki

I-Federal Service of Registration State, i-Cadastre ne-Cartography (i-Rosreestr) ihlinzeka ngezinsizakalo ekunikezeni ulwazi ngesistimu ye-SMEW. U-Rosreestr ubamba iqhaza ekushintshaneni kolwazi ngefomu lobuchwepheshe phakathi kwamagunya kamasipala, wesifunda kanye naphakathi. Lokhu kwenza sikwazi ukukhulula izakhamuzi ezifaka izicelo zamasevisi, ukuqoqa amadokhumenti abo.

I-Rosreestr, ngokusho komthetho wesifundazwe ka-13.07.2015 № 218-FZ, inikeza ukufinyelela ngqo kwizinhlelo zayo zolwazi. Lezi zinsizakalo ze-elekthroniki zivumela ezinye izinhlangano zezikweletu nabathuthukisi ukuba benze izicelo zezinsiza zikaRosreestr ngekhompyutha.

Umthengi omkhulu wenkonzo ye-electronic ngu-Sberbank, ohlangene nesistimu ye-MEW. Ngenxa yalokhu, amaklayenti asebhange, abathengisa izindlu endaweni yokubolekwa kwempahla, babhalise ngaphandle kokushiya ekhaya.

Isevisi ye-elekthrikhi eyodwa

Iqukethe i-hardware ne-software ehlinzeka ngendlela eyodwa yokushayela amadokhumenti e-computer ngokusebenzisa izinhlelo zezinhlelo zezinhlangano nemizimba ekushintshisaneni ngolwazi lokuhlinzekwa kwezinsizakalo zikamasipala kanye nomphakathi kubantu ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bomgcini wamakhompiyutha engadingi ukuxhumana okuqondile futhi isebenze ngendlela engavamile.

Amaqembu nezinhlangano ezithola ulwazi ngezinsiza ze-elektroniki ziqala isicelo, i-SMEE ngokusebenzisa opharetha wenethiwekhi iveza ulwazi oludingekayo.

Izici zobuchwepheshe

Uhlelo lokubuyisana lwe-elekthronikhi inethiwekhi yeziteshi zokuxhumana eziphephile eziphakathi kwama-node, okukhona nawo asezindaweni zokucubungula ze-Rostelecom yolwazi. I-node yesistimu (ngayinye ngokwehlukana) ibhasi ngokusekelwe ku-Oracle Enterprise Service Bus. Umhlanganyeli ngamunye wesistimu ye-MEW yombili umthengi nomhlinzeki wolwazi:

- Umhlinzeki ngamunye ohlangene ne-SMEW udala isevisi ye-elekthronikhi, ukuze asebenze izicelo ezingenayo futhi ahlinzeke ngolwazi,

- umthengi ngamunye wenza i-adapter yakhe, ekwazi ngokungafuneki ulwazi olucela ulwazi nokuthola impendulo.

Umsebenzisi we-SMEW

Umqhubi wesistimu nguMnyango Wezokuxhumana noMas Media we-Russian Federation. Futhi ekwakhiweni kwengqalasizinda, kanye nemininingwane yobuchwepheshe, ihlangana noRostelecom.

Ukusebenzisana kwezinhlelo zokwaziswa kwenzeka ngezinsizakalo ze-elekthronikhi, ezenziwa njengezinsizakalo zewebhu. Imiyalezo ye-elekthroniki ithunyelwa nge-SOAP phezu kwe-HTTP. Ama-signatures e-elekthronikhi adluliselwa kumazinga we-XMLDsig nama-PKCS # 7. Amadokhumenti e-elekthronikhi aya ohlelweni kwifomethi ye-PDF / A, futhi imininingwane ifakwa efayeleni le-XML.

Imithetho yokuthuthukiswa kanye namafomethi asetshenziswe ohlelweni zilawulwa yizimiso zokuphatha zikaMnyango Wezokuxhumana we-Russian Federation.

Kumfakisicelo ngenothi

Umfakisicelo, uma efaka isicelo kwi-SMEW, kufanele azi ukuthi izidumbu ezinikezela izinsizakalo zikahulumeni nezomasipala azikho ilungelo lokuzifuna:

- ukuhlinzeka ngolwazi, imibhalo noma ukwenza isenzo esingahlinzekiwe ngumthetho we-Russian Federation olawula ubuhlobo obuvela lapho ufaka isicelo senkonzo kamasipala noma yombuso;

- inikeze ngolwazi kanye / noma imibhalo esezinhlakeni zemibiko ezenza imisebenzi kamasipala noma yombuso;

- kufaka eminye imizimba kamasipala noma yombuso ukuthola noma yiziphi izinsizakalo zikamasipala noma zombuso, ngokunye okuhlukile, okulawulwa yi-Federal Law No. 210-FZ kaJulayi 27, 2010.