Isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi constrictive: Izimpawu kanye Ukwelashwa

Isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi ukuphazamiseka ezivamile has izinhlobo eziningana. Phakathi ezihlukahlukene izinqubo sokugembula ufanelwe ukuqashelwa ifomu ekhethekile constrictive. Ngokuvamile kwenzeka amadoda aneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50. Njengoba bekhula, umzimba eziningi zabantu ziza izinguquko atherosclerotic ezitsheni. Basuke hhayi kuphela libhekene ukubonakala izimpawu ezingemnandi, kodwa futhi usongo olukhulu ekuphileni. Kulesi sihloko sibheka kwasendaweni eziyisisekelo nezimpawu stenosis of isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi, kanye nezindlela ezihlongozwayo ukwelashwa ngodokotela lesi sifo.

Incazelo isifo kanye indlela yentuthuko

isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi Constrictive - inqubo isifo, okubhekisele umfula oyinhloko emzimbeni. Mshini nesenzakalo yayo ulula. Ngaphansi kwethonya izici ezithile e izindonga semithambo uqale imisiwe amafutha khulula (i-cholesterol) futhi ifomu zingcwecwe. Lesi sifo egcina izigaba eziningana ukuthuthukiswa, esigabeni sokugcina ukuvaleka umfula esiphansi (stenosis). Ngenxa yalokho, izicubu kanye izitho, kuye esizeni kahle liningi igazi, uhlangabezana nokushoda mpilo nezakhi.

Inkinga lwempi cholesterol zingcwecwe, kanye ezicutshini phakathi kwabo kuthinta kwemithambo ezihlukahlukene main. Ikhumbula indawo inqubo sokugembula, ukukhomba izinhlobo eziningana izifo. Yibona abasengozini enkulu ezibhekwa imithambo neuropathy yezingalo nemilenze ephansi, i-cerebral futhi yenhliziyo inhliziyo aorta. Ukungabi ukwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi ngokuvamile kuholela awushintsheki isilethikusebenza, esibhibhayo zezinyawo, unhlangothi, thromboembolism visceral.

Izizathu eziyinhloko

Ukuthuthukiswa izilonda atherosclerotic kwemithambo emikhulu yenhliziyo kubangelwa isenzo yezinto ezintathu:

1. Ukwephula fat umzimba. Lapho umzimba cholesterol zamagama kanye nekambiso yeenthuthi ehluleka, okwedlula izinto uqale imali kwi isitsha izindonga. Ekhuluma ewukuhlakanipha okwenziwe indlela inhlamvu bangase benze ukugula ukuphathwa kwabathintwayo, ekudleni, ukukhuluphala.
2. nezici ezithile Ukubambezeleka. Uma isihlobo esiseduze kwatholakala isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi constrictive, ingozi yalesi sifo kwandisa izikhathi eziningana.
3. Kwehliswe kuyaqina izindonga semithambo. Cholesterol zingcwecwe ayikwazi kwakheka kwi surface bushelelezi futhi unempilo. Ukulimala odongeni semithambo neqhaza iziyaluyalu ezilandelayo: isifo sikashukela, ukuphila umzimba, ukubhema.

Ngo khona eyodwa noma ngaphezulu izinto ezibalwe ngenhla kumele ziphathwe ngokukhethekile impilo yabo, ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe.

Izenzo stenosis lemithambo cerebral

imithambo Brachiocephalic ziyizitsha enkulu igazi esukela lwaleli yomthambo i-aorta maqondana ubuchopho. aluka Multiple yakha yabo umbuthano Willisen. Inikeza liningi igazi okugcwele ubuchopho.

Lapho ingxenye kwesiyingi Willis kwakhiwa isithiyo ngesimo i-plaque atherosclerotic, ukukhuluma mayelana nokuthuthukiswa stenosis. Lesi sifo ukuze igazi eligciniwe elibhekisela kuso sonke isimiso zobuchopho. Ukungabi ukwelashwa okufika ngesikhathi kungaholela hypoxia noma ukushaywa unhlangothi. Izimpawu inqubo sokugembula incike inani zingcwecwe atherosclerotic embhedeni ekhipha igazi enhliziyweni.

Ekuqaleni lesi sifo asymptomatic. Lapho mafutha anciphisa isikhala esingaphakathi isitsha ivinjelwe qwembe-50% noma ngaphezulu, isiguli ukumaka ukubukeka iziyaluyalu atypical. Phakathi kwabo kukhona:

• inzululwane yansukuzonke ku isizinda ukwehla komfutho wegazi;
• lability ngokomzwelo nge predominance kwemizwa bacindezeleke;
• lingekho enhle;
• ukuzwa kanye nezinkinga ezibukwayo (tinnitus, ukuzwa ukungakhuli, ukuvela izimpukane phambi kwamehlo);
• komzimba okungamahlalakhona;
• ukungabi namizwa iminwe;
• ukwephulwa thermoregulation.

Lezi zimpawu uqale cishe akunamthelela izinga lempilo. Iziguli eziningi nje uziziba. Progressive atherosclerosis constrictive ka brachiocephalic imithambo kubangela ukufuna usizo lukadokotela.

Izenzo izitsha stenosis wenhliziyo

Ukuze inhliziyo mpilo nezakhi bondliwa nemithambo yegazi yenhliziyo. Atherosclerotic lezizitsha presents ibe usongo olukhulu imisipha emikhulu yomzimba, ezithinta nesigqi somqondo kanye ukuphelela ukusikeka. Kulesi isifo, iziguli ngokuvamile esekhala ubuhlungu esikhaleni retrosternal. Okokuqala zivela emva ukuzikhandla ngokomzimba noma ukucindezeleka. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ubuhlungu akabashiyi indoda, ngisho uphumule. Isikhathi ubuhlungu kuhlasela amaminithi angu-30.

ukubonakaliswa okukhulu inqubo sokugembula kubhekwa ukuba isilethikusebenza. Ukugula ephelezelwa ubuhlungu obukhulu enhliziyweni, esingenakubalwa usike iphilisi iDemo "nitroglycerin". Umfutho wegazi lehla, kuphumele i ezinzima isiyezi, buthakathaka. isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi Constrictive, ezithinta nemithambo yegazi yenhliziyo kungaholela eziyingozi. Lezi zihlanganisa isifo sokuvuvukala kwemithambo inhliziyo, ukushaqeka cardiogenic, futhi lelo gebe ngokuqondile imisipha. Isikhathi esining impela, odokotela ukuxilonga syndrome sokufa okungazelelwe.

Izenzo stenosis kwemithambo yegazi wemikhawulo aphansi

Through the femoral Umthambo wegazi ukuba amaphuzu kakhulu cishe wonke umzimba, esisogwini izinyawo. isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi Constrictive wemikhawulo aphansi has imvamisa lwesithathu eliphakeme nesenzakalo. ukubonakaliswa Clinical yesifo nhlobonhlobo lokhu amafomu. Ngakho-ke uyelulekwa ukucabangela ukuthuthukiswa inqubo sokugembula ngezigaba:

1. Ngesikhathi besanda kuqala isiguli bakhathazekile umuzwa coldness, evutha, noma ukunsonsotha izinyawo. Isikhumba ngezinyawo zakho akulutho kubonakale.
2. Ukuze esigabeni sesibili libhekene ukubukeka of claudication ngakanye. Omunye esitho ngenkathi bhushuzela ukudlala imidlalo iqala sikhathale ngaphambili kunamanye. Kancane kancane ivela emizweni ezingemnandi endaweni kwemisipha ithole, kukhona cyanosis eziphikelelayo.
3. In the isinyathelo esilandelayo umfutho claudication ngakanye ngokuphawulekayo ngcono. Isiguli kuba nzima ukuba balungise indlela evamile ngaphandle kokuma. Ngokuvamile iziguli esekhala ubuhlungu izinzwane, okungadingi luzophela uphumule. Isikhumba onyaweni iba zemabula umthunzi, kungaba crack bese ohlabayo.
4. Ekhulwini lesine isinyathelo izinyonga kuba nzima kakhulu kangangokuba kwakungasekho umuntu uphoqelekile ukuba wenze stop zonke izinyathelo endleleni 50. Mhlawumbe ukubukeka izilonda emithambo yegazi, ukuvuvukala. nobuhlungu obukhulu imilenze ukuvimbela ezinye ebusuku.

Asikwazi ukulinda, lapho ingeke ibe khona imiphumela unomphela sifo ngesimo esibhibhayo. Uma uhlangabezana izimpawu kwegazi kahle imilenze (ubuthakathaka, claudication ngakanye) , ngokushesha afune usizo lwezokwelapha. Uma uchwepheshe kuqinisekisa atherosclerosis constrictive we ephansi emkhawulweni imithambo, ukwelapha luzohlelelwa ngokushesha.

izindlela ukuxilongwa

Ukukhomba ngokushesha lesi sifo futhi ukuqala ukwelashwa kwakhe, bonke abantu uma usuneminyaka eyevile kwengu-40, odokotela batusa kanye Ukuhlolwa konyaka. Kwanele ukuthatha ukuhlolwa igazi phezu izinkomba ezilandelayo:

• cholesterol, lipoproteins, triglyceride;
• fibrinogen;
• glucose;
• ekunqandeni.

Lezi nemingcele kungaba ngokungaqondile abonisa ukuhlukumeza wamaprotheni ne lipid umzimba, elibangela ukuthuthukiswa zokugula.

isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi Constrictive kwemithambo yobuchopho, inhliziyo noma izitho aphansi kulula ukuxilonga. Ukuze wenze lokhu, isiguli ekunike luhlolo olunzulu ukuthi kuhlanganisa le nqubo elandelayo:

• emthanjeni / lwemithambo angiography semithambo usebenzisa nekuphikisana;
• rheovasography;
• Doppler;
• ukuskena eyisitezi.

Ngesisekelo udokotela wathola imiphumela yocwaningo ziqinisekisa uphethwe ukuthethwa kwecala. Ngemva kwalokho, isiguli inikezwa ukwelashwa.

izimiso yokwelapha

Stenotic ukwelashwa atherosclerosis ixhomeke kulokho nesigaba lesi sifo isiguli badlulisela icala udokotela. Ngesikhathi besanda kuqala, ngaphezu yokwelapha izidakamizwa kuyadingeka ukuzama ukushintsha indlela yakho yokuphila. Kubalulekile ukuba bangayeki imikhuba emibi, zama phumula. Kungenjalo, ekuphuzeni imithi kuphela ukubambezela yonke ukuqhubeka kwesifo, kodwa hhayi ukuyeka it ngokuphelele.

Kuphoqelekile lokuqoka udokotela isiguli ukudla (inombolo etafuleni 10), ecebile ukudla isitshalo. Ngokuvamile kutuswa iziguli nomfutho wegazi ophezulu noma yokumelwa yinhliziyo. Uma sinamathela le Ukudla, awukwazi kuphela inciphise cholesterol eyanele, kodwa futhi ukuhoxisa ngokweqile layo emzimbeni. Lena akuyona ukuya ukudla ukunciphisa umzimba. Amandla kumele silinganisele futhi ephelele. Kungenjalo, ukwelashwa engalethi elamukelekile.

Iziguli kwathiwa unesifo "stenosing isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi wemikhawulo aphansi" ukwelashwa kufanele kulekelelwa ezemidlalo. Oluthandwayo kufanele inikwe Ukuhamba kwe-Nordic noma ukubhukuda. Ngesikhathi izimpawu zokuqala ukukhathala emilenzeni edinga ukuphumula ngokushesha, ngaphandle ngokweqile emzimbeni.

Ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa

Ukwelashwa nokuvikelwa atherosclerosis akunakwenzeka ukucabanga ngaphandle kokusebenzisa imithi. Ngokuvamile iziguli ukuthi nginesifo izidakamizwa enqunyiwe amaqembu ezilandelayo:

1. ejenti Antiplatelet. Vimbela ukwakhiwa amahlule esegazini.
2. Antispasmodics. Thuthukisa kwegazi wonke umzimba.
3. Imithi for normalizing igazi rheology. Okokuqala, ebekiwe ukuvuza izidakamizwa ke esikhundleni ifomu tablet.
4. Anticoagulants.

Zonke nemithi zikhethwa ngenxa nesineke ngayinye. Qiniseka udokotela kufanele inake esiteji isifo, futhi ezakheke ngayo.

kokungenela op

Isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi constrictive kudinga esigabeni ngasekupheleni ukuhlinzwa. Ukuhlinzwa Ungayibuyisa evamile isitsha patency, susa cholesterol zingcwecwe. Kuze kube yimanje, i-dlula, angioplasty noma stenting. Lezi manipulations abazenzi ngendlela kokubili endoscopic futhi evulekile ngokusebenzisa izinzwa.

Imiphumela sifo

Imiphumela yalesi sifo Ingaba yinto engathí sina kakhulu futhi zisongela ukuphila. Ngokwesibonelo, isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi constrictive kwemithambo yobuchopho ngokuvamile kubangela unhlangothi. Yiqiniso, lokhu inkinga aliveli nhlobo. Konke kuncike izici umzimba, ezifweni isifo ukuvela. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi cishe u-70% labantu engaphezu kuka-60 uyakhononda ka okunhlobonhlobo isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi. Lesisifo imbangela eyinhloko cerebral esingamahlalakhona syndrome.

Constrictive atherosclerosis ka wemikhawulo aphansi kanye akusho ngaso sonke isikhathi abe Izibikezelo evumayo. Uma umthambo ivinjelwe ngokuphelele, okwandisa amathuba wokuthuthukisa esibhibhayo ischemic. Ikakhulukazi zokugula ezivamile kwenzeka kubantu abanesifo sikashukela, ngenxa yokuthi esheshisa inqubo isifo stenosis.

izinyathelo

Qala ukubandakanya ekuvimbeleni isifo sokuqina kwemithambo yegazi stenosis kuyadingeka kusukela zisencane. Bonke abantu abanamathela yokuphila okungenamsoco, basengozini lesi sifo.

Prevention kuhlanganisa:

• lwemithi yokuhlanzeka;
• ukuvivinya umzimba okusesilinganisweni ngaphambi;
• ukuhambisana umsebenzi kanye nokuphumula.

Ungakhohlwa mayelana nokudla ngendlela efanele. Ukudla kufanele okungenani iqukathe inyama ebomvu futhi kwasolwandle, kanye ukudla isitshalo.

enempilo kusho ayenqaba imikhuba emibi. Nokho kungcono hhayi ukuqala ukubhema nokuphuza utshwala.

Lezi zincomo kumele ilandelwe kokubili ngesikhatsi ukwelashwa futhi kuze kuye. amathiphu okunjalo ligweme izinkinga ezingase zivele isifo. Lapho izimpawu zokuqala ezisikisela atherosclerosis constrictive, kufanele kudokotela ukuhlola imithambo yegazi yakho. Uma kudingekile, udokotela linqume ukwelashwa okufanele.