Isidakamizwa sesifo sofuba. Izidakamizwa ezintsha ezingenasisindo: amagama, imiyalelo

Isifo sesifo sofuba yisifo esithathelwanayo esibangelwa i-mycobacteria (induku kaKoch) enezindawo ezivamile kakhulu zokubonakaliswa emaphashini. Ukwelashwa kwe-pathology kufanele kube okuphelele, okuqhubekayo, kufaka izidakamizwa eziningana zokulwa nesifo sofuba, ngokucabangela ubuzwe be-pathogen.

Amaqembu Ezidakamizwa

Isidakamizwa ngasinye esisifo sikashukela siyingxenye yeqembu elithile lezimali. Ukusatshalaliswa okunjalo kusekelwe ekubunjweni kwamakhemikhali, umsebenzi wemitholampilo nokubekezela kweziguli:

• Umugqa wokuqala ("Isoniazid", "Rifampicin") - iyasebenza kakhulu;
• Umugqa wesibili ("Streptomycin", "Kanamycin") - ukusebenza kahle;
• Uchungechunge lwesithathu ("Tioacetazon", "PASK") - aphumelele kangako.

Imithi ephumelelayo kakhulu isebenza njalo, ihlanganisa ngamunye wabo ngemali evela kwamanye amaqembu. Amathebulethi asele avela esifubeni sofuba abizwa ngokuthi yi-reserve. Zisetshenziswa ezimweni lapho i-agent ye-causative imelana nezinto ezisebenzayo zochungechunge lokuqala.

"Isoniazid"

Isidakamizwa esithi "Isoniazid" sisetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwabantu abadala nezingane. Isenzo salo sibhekiswe emafenjini asebenzayo we-pathogen. Ngokuphathelene ne-mycobacteria ekuphumuleni, akusizi ngalutho. Ukwakhiwa kwengubo yamaKoch kuhlanganisa i-mycolic acid, okubambisene nayo okucindezelwa yilo muthi.

"I-Isoniazid" iyindlela yokwelapha isifo sofuba kuzo zonke izindawo kanye namafomu. Isilinganiso sikhethwe ngabanye, kuye ngokuthi uhlobo lomuthi uthisha uncoma ukuhlanganisa lesi sidakamizwa.

1. "I-Isoniazid" + "Rifampicin" - inkambo yokwelapha yenzeka ngamasonto ayisithupha noma ayisithupha. Izidakamizwa zithathwa kanye ngosuku ngosuku esiswini esingenalutho.
2. "Isoniazid" + "Thioacetazone".
3. "I-Isoniazid" + "Rifampicin" + "I-Pyrazinamide" - inhlanganisela efanayo, ikhambi libizwa ngokuthi "i-Reefater." Faka izicelo ezinyangeni ezingu-2 nsuku zonke, uthuthukise ukuphumelela kokwelashwa nge "Streptomycin" noma "Etambutol".
4. I-Isoniazid + Etambutol iyindlela yokwelashwa kwesifo sofuba njengelashwa olusekela.

"Rifampicin"

Izici zomuthi "Rifampicin": imiyalelo yokusetshenziswa (intengo yesidakamizwa - ama-ruble angaba ngu-200) iphakamisa ukuthi imithi ilwa ne-mycobacteria endaweni ethintekile, ifinyelela lapho ukuhlushwa okukhulu. Ama-causative agciwane lesifo sofuba anesakhiwo sokusheshiswa ngokushesha, ngenxa yokuthi ukudla kwezidakamizwa kunqunyelwe. Ayisetshenziselwa ukuncelisa, ngoba inendawo yokungena ubisi lwebele ngobuningi.

"I-Rifampicin", imiyalo yokusetshenziswa, intengo yayo eboniswa kumasayithi akhethekile wezokwelapha, inezimo ezimbi, ezibonakaliswa yizimo ezilandelayo:

• I-Cephalgia (ikhanda);
• Ukuhluleka okunamandla kokuguquguquka (umsebenzi wezinso ubuyiselwa emuva kokuphelelwa yisidakamizwa);
• Ukuphendula kwe-allergen;
• Ukubonakaliswa kwe-Dyspeptic - ukuhlanza, isifo sohudo, ukuvuvukala;
• Umbono ongenakwenzeka;
• Izinguquko emiphakathini ye-laboratory yegazi le-peripheral.

I-paraaminosalicylic acid

"I-PASK" iyindlela yokwelapha isifo sofuba esekelwe ku-aminosalicylic acid. Ikhiqizwe ngendlela yamathebulethi, isisombululo, i-granules. Umthamo wansuku zonke uhlukaniswe ngama-3 amanani, uthathwe ubisi, amanzi amaminerali, isisombululo soda esibuthakathaka. Kwezinye izimo, udokotela ukhetha umthamo wansuku zonke ngesikhathi esisodwa.

Isidakamizwa ngesimo sawo asikalelwe, kuphela ngokuhlanganiswa nezinye izidakamizwa zokulwa nesifo sofuba. Isebenza kuphela kuma-pathogens asemazweni asebenzayo. Ukuphikiswa kwe-mycobacteria ekusetshenzisweni okusebenzayo akusebenzi.

"I-Pyrazinamide"

Amathebulethi asifo sofuba, ahlobene nezidakamizwa zokwenziwa komugqa wesibili. Isetshenziselwa ukwelashwa okuhlangene kwesifo sofuba nganoma yikuphi ukutholakala kwendawo. Ukusetshenziswa kwe- "Pyrazinamide" ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nokukhwabanisa kungenzeka uma i-mycobacteria imelana nezinye izidakamizwa eziphumelelayo.

Kanye ngenyanga, kufanele uqaphele izinga le-transamiasis nokuba khona kwe-uric acid egazini nge ukwelashwa okwesikhathi eside nomuthi. Ukungafani kokusetshenziswa yilokhu:

• I-hypersensitivity ngayinye kumuntu osebenzayo;
• Izifo ezinzima zezinso;
• Ukukhubazeka kwesibindi se-Organic.

Fluoroquinolones

Iqembu lezidakamizwa lisetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwe-etiotropic. Ama-agent ane impikiswano ye-bactericidal, ethinta i-mycobacterium kokubili ngesikhathi sokuphumula nangesikhathi sokusebenza.

"I-Ciprofloxacin" inconywa ngokuhambisana nezinye izidakamizwa ezilwa ne-TB. Ukuhlushwa okukhulu emzimbeni kufinyelelwa emahoreni ambalwa kusukela ngesikhathi sokungena. Kungase kubangele i-dyspepsia, i-cephalgia, ukukhathazeka, ukubonakaliswa kwe-allergenic, ukwehla kwezinto ezibonakalayo.

"I-Ofloxacin" imithi yesifo sofuba esithinta indawo ye-DNA esitokisini se-pathogen. Ikhiqizwe kumathebulethi kanye nesisombululo sokwehliswa. Umthamo wansuku zonke uthathwa ngezilinganiso ezimbili ezihlukanisiwe ezinezinsuku ezingu-12. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi uhlale ugcine ukuhlushwa okudingekayo kwe "Ofloxacin" emzimbeni.

I-Lomefloxacin iyilungiselelo eliphumelelayo nge-100% bioavailability. I-agent "iphazamisa" ku-DNA chain of the pathogen, mina indawo yayo esitokisini. Ukuqhathaniswa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, i-lactation, izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-18.

Imithi emisha

Ukwakhiwa kwezinto ezitholakala emkhakheni we-phthisiology kuhlotshaniswa nokuthuthukiswa kwezidakamizwa eziphumelelayo kakhulu zokulwa ne-antituberculosis, ukuzwela kwamagciwane okungeke anciphise isikhathi eside.

Imithi emisha yesifo sofuba:

• "I-Perchloron" - into ephethe isifo esincane esiphathelene nomzimba womuntu, noma kunjalo, umsebenzi ophezulu wokulwa ne-mycobacteria. Ukuqhathaniswa kokubandakanya kubandakanya ukukhulelwa, isikhathi sokulahla, iminyaka yobudala, ukucindezeleka komuntu ngamunye, isifo sezinso nesibindi.
• "I-Mycobutin" ivela ku-agent ye-antibacterial rifabutin, esetshenziselwa ukwelapha izinhlobo ezingapheli zesifo ezigulini ezingamelana neRifampicin. Akusetshenziswanga nje ukwelashwa, kepha futhi nokuvimbela izifo.
• "I-Bedakvilin" ("i-Sirturo") ithuluzi elisha elivimbela ukukhiqizwa kwe-enzyme ebaluleke kakhulu nge-mycobacteria isifo sofuba. Ukusebenza emva kwezinyanga ezintathu zokwelapha (uma kuqhathaniswa: ezinye izidakamizwa zibonisa imiphumela emva kweminyaka eyi-1.5-2), inikeza imiphumela emibi yokuhlolwa.

Imiphumela emibi yokwelapha

Ukuvela kwemiphumela emibi ngenxa yokuthi izidakamizwa ezisetshenzisiwe zithinta kakhulu izinqubo eziphathelene nomzimba ezitholakala emzimbeni wesiguli, futhi zibangele ukuthuthukiswa kwe-hypo- or avitaminosis, ukuphazanyiswa kwezinqubo zokuncishiswa kwe-oxidation.

Imiphumela emibi kakhulu yilezi:

• Ukunciphisa amandla okuzwa;
• I-peripheral polyneuritis;
• Ukuphulwa kwemisebenzi yezingxenye ezisemqoka kanye nezinhlelo;
• Ukuphendula kwe-allergen;
• I-Dysbiosis;
• I-Candidiasis;
• Izimo eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Ukubonakaliswa okuqondile kuyimpendulo kaJarish-Gerxheimer - impendulo yesiguli ekubhujisweni okukhulu kwe-mycobacteria ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala zokwelapha.

Amakhambi abantu ngesifo sofuba

Njengoba ukwelashwa isikhathi eside, iziguli zilungele ukuzama noma iyiphi indlela, uma nje ziphuthuma inqubo yokuthola. Kunemibandela eminingi ekhulisa ukuphumelela kokwelapha izidakamizwa.

Spread isipuni se-birch efihlekile nge-2 izindebe zokuphuza utshwala obuhlanjululwe noma i-vodka. Ukunikezela kuze kube yilapho isixazululo sithola umbala we-cognac. Thatha isipuni kathathu ngosuku kulo lonke ukwelashwa.

Hlanganisa amaqabunga, gcoba bese ugaya ukwenza izipuni ezingu-3. Thela izindebe ezimbili zamanzi, ubilise imizuzu emi-5-7. Ukuphikelela nokucindezeleka. Phuza inkomishi ye-1/2 yetshezi ngaphambi kokudla ngakunye.

Amafutha we-badger, uju kanye nama-walnuts yizixazululo eziningi zomuthi wesifo sofuba, okusebenzayo kuxhomeke ekuhlanganisweni okulungile. Amantongomane ayachotshozwa, futhi amafutha ashushu. Zonke izithako zixutshwe ngezilinganiso ezifanayo. Ingxube ifakwa emlonyeni futhi igcinwe kuze kube yilapho incibilika.

I-spruce yephayini noma i-spruce ithuliswa ngotshwala 2-2.5 cm ngenhla futhi ihlanganiswe nesembozo. Ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, isixazululo sizoba semvelo. Kuyokwengeza amafutha we-ingulube ecibilikile kanye noju lwe-lime ngesamba esifanayo. Thatha isipuni kathathu ngosuku izinyanga eziyisithupha.

Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwanoma yikuphi izidakamizwa namalungiselelo kufanele kuqondwe ngumchwepheshe oqeqeshiwe.