ISIBONELO sokuhlukanisa inombolo ngenombolo. Ithebula ukuqoqwa

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi abantu abaningi bacabanga izibalo wesayensi oyinkimbinkimbi, akunjalo. Imisebenzi eminingi zezibalo Kulula ukuyiqonda, ikakhulu uma wazi imithetho kanye namafomula. Ngakho, ngokwazi amatafula ukubuyabuyelela, ungakwazi masinyane lande ingqondo izinombolo ezinkulu. Into esemqoka - njalo abaqeqeshiwe futhi ngeke akukhohlwe imithetho zokuphindaphinda. I Kungashiwo okufanayo mayelana division.

Ake sihlaziye division tinombolo letiphelele, amafraktjhini nemibi. Masikhumbule imithetho eyisisekelo, amasu nezindlela.

ukusebenza division

Ake uqale nge kwencazelo igama kanye nenombolo, abathintekayo kulo msebenzi. Lokhu kuzokwenza kakhulu lula olunye ulwazi isethulo kanye nombono.

Division - omunye imisebenzi emine eyisisekelo zezibalo. cwaningo yayo iqala esikoleni sabaqalayo. Yilokho lapho izingane isibonelo sokuqala sokuhlukanisa inombolo ngenombolo, ukuchaza imithetho.

Ukusebenza abathintekayo izinombolo ezimbili, idividendi futhi isihlukanisi. Eyokuqala - inombolo ukuthi ihlukaniswe, kanti eyesibili - lapho share. Imiphumela iba yinhlanganisela yokukhandleka quotient sesigaba.

Kukhona notation eziningana ekulobeni kuthengiselana, ":", "/" kanye umugqa ovundlile - ukurekhoda ingxenyenamba lapho idividendi phezulu futhi phansi, ngezansi uhlu - ehlukanisayo.

imithetho

Ekuhloleni operation esithile sezibalo kudinga uthisha ukuzijwayelanisa abafundi nemithetho eyisisekelo ukuthi kufanele wazi. Nokho, kungukuthi njalo wakhumbula kwafana singathanda. Yingakho sanquma uvuselele inkumbulo yakho yemithetho ezine eziyisisekelo.

Imithetho eyisisekelo division of izinombolo ukuthi kufanele ukhumbule njalo:

1. Yabelana zero bengayi. Umthetho ukukhumbula kwasekuqaleni.

2. Abelana zero ungaba iyiphi inombolo, kodwa ekugcineni uyohlale zero.

3. Uma inombolo lihlukaniswe by eyodwa, sizokwenza bathole inani elilinganako.

4. Uma inombolo lihlukaniswe by ngokwayo, sizobe uthole eyodwa.

Njengoba ubona, imithetho ulula futhi kulula ukukhumbula. Nakuba abanye abantu bangakhohlwa umthetho elula efana ukungakwazi ukwehlukana ngo-zero, noma ukudida kubo ne division by uziro.

Izimpawu divisibility of isibalo

Omunye wemithetho ewusizo kakhulu - uphawu lapho kunqunywa kungenzeka sokuhlukanisa inombolo yemvelo komunye ngaphandle ezisalayo. Ngakho, izimpawu elingalodwa divisibility 2, 3, 5, 6, 9, 10. Cabanga incazelo enemininingwane ngezansi. Bona kakhulu lula ukusebenza kokusebenza kuzinombolo. Futhi khona ekubuseni ngamunye isibonelo esigabeni sika-inombolo.

Lawa jikelele-izimfanelo kabanzi nge zezibalo.

divisibility Izindlela 2

The elula ukukhumbula uphawu. Inombolo okuyinto aphethe ngokucela ngisho inombolo (2, 4, 6, 8) noma 0 zihlale ngokulinganayo sihlukaniswe ngu ezimbili. Pretty kulula ukukhumbula futhi ukusetshenziswa. Ngakho, inani 236 izophela i ngisho inombolo, futhi ngenxa yalokho, ihlukaniswe ezimbili ngokulinganayo.

Ungene: 236 2 = 118. Ngempela, 236 ehlukaniswa 2 ngaphandle okusele.

Lo mthetho iyona eyaziwa kahle kakhulu, abadala nje kuphela kodwa futhi izingane.

divisibility Izindlela 3

Indlela ukwenza ukwehlukaniswa kwenombolo ku- 3? Khumbula mithetho elandelayo.

Inani uyahlukaniswa ngu 3 ngokulinganayo uma kwenzeka ukuthi isamba kwamadijithi yayo uyahlukaniswa ngu ezintathu. Ngokwesibonelo, cabanga inombolo 381. Inani lawo wonke izinombolo uzobe 12. Lokhu inombolo kuyinto multiple of ezintathu, bese ehlukaniswa 3 ngaphandle okusele.

Futhi uhlole lesi sibonelo. 381: 3 = 127, bese kulungile.

Uphawu divisibility ka integers 5

Kukhona futhi elula. Ihlukaniswe yaba 5 kungekho ezisalayo kungaba kuphela labo izinombolo ukuthi iphele 5 noma umuntu ukuthi 0. Ngokwesibonelo, cabangela lezi zinombolo njengoba 705 noma 800. Ukuphela lokuqala 5, kwesibili - zero ngakho bobabili sihlukaniswe ngu 5. Lena ngenye ekubuseni elula elikuvumela ukuba ngokushesha wehlukanisa izinombolo ezingu-5.

Ukuze uqinisekise uphawu Izibonelo: 405: 5 = 81; 600: 5 = 120. Njengoba ubona, uphawu usebenza.

Sihlukaniswe ngu 6

Uma ufuna ukwazi ukuthi inombolo 6, kuyodingeka ukuthi uqale ukuthola uma uyahlukaniswa ngu-2, bese ihlukaniswe - by 3. Uma kunjalo, isibalo ke ingahlukaniswa ngaphandle esele nge 6. Isibonelo, isibalo 216 sihlukaniswe ngu 2 njengoba iphela i ngisho inombolo, futhi 3, njengoba isamba amadijithi 9.

Qinisekisa: 216: 6 = 36. isibonelo esibonisa ukuthi lokhu izenzo nobuntu.

Sihlukaniswe ngu 9

Futhi ukukhuluma kanjani ukusebenzisa izinombolo division 9. Ngesikhathi inani elithile nanulsu labo izinombolo zemvelo, isamba okuyinto amaningi idijithi umthetho 9. Ngokufanayo sokuhlukanisa by 3. Isibonelo, isibalo 918. Ukubeka zonke izibalo futhi ukuthola 18 - amaningi 9. Ngakho, ihlukaniswe yaba 9 benganakwa muntu.

Thina ukuxazulula lesi sibonelo kuhlolo: 918: 9 = 102.

Severability 10

Isici yokugcina, okuyinto kuwufanele azi. 10 zihlukaniswe kuphela labo izinombolo ukuthi iphele 0. Lokhu iphethini ulula futhi kulula ukukhumbula. Ngakho, 500: 10 = 50.

Yilokho zonke izici eziyisisekelo. Bakhumbule, ungakwazi ukwenza ukuphila kwakho kube lula. Yiqiniso, zikhona nezinye izinombolo elingenabo izimpawu divisibility, kodwa sizobe ukugqamisa nje kwamasonto ayinhloko.

Ithebula ukuqoqwa

Esifundweni sezibalo, kukhona etafuleni ukubuyabuyelela hhayi kuphela, kodwa division etafuleni. Ngemva kokufunda ke, ungakwazi kalula ukumhlinza. Eqinisweni, etafuleni division kuyinto okuphambene etafuleni ukubuyabuyelela. Kwenze ngokwakho akunzima. Ukuze lokhu kumele kabusha zonke ulayini amatafula ukubuyabuyelela ngale ndlela:

1. Beka umkhiqizo inombolo kwasekuqaleni.

2. Beka uphawu division bese ubhala Isici sesibili kusuka etafuleni.

3. Lapho setshwayo kulotshiwe Okuphindaphinda kuqala.

Ngokwesibonelo, ake sithathe emgqeni olandelayo kusuka etafuleni ukubuyabuyelela 2 * 3 = 6. Manje ubhale ngokwenqubo algorithm, futhi ukuthola: 6 ÷ 3 = 2.

Kaningi, izingane zicelwa ukuba amphuzise etafuleni abo, base beba inkumbulo yabo kanye ukunakwa.

Uma ungenalo isikhathi ukubhala, ungasebenzisa enikeziwe esihlokweni.

izinhlobo division

Asikhulume kancane ngezinhlobo division.

Okokuqala, ingabe kungenzeka ukuba ukwaba division of iinomboro ezipheleleko bese kukhishwa nezingxenyana. Esimweni sokuqala, singakhuluma mayelana nokusebenza tinombolo letiphelele amadesimali, kanti eyesibili - izinombolo wamaqhuzu kuphela. Kulokhu kungaba kokubili numerator wamaqhuzu noma isihlukanisi, noma kokubili kanyekanye. Lokhu ngokuhlukana ngenxa yokuthi imisebenzi ku amafraktjhini zihluke imisebenzi inamba.

Okulandelayo sizoxoxa division of amafraktjhini ngaphezulu.

Kususelwa izinombolo, kuhileleke nezinye izinkinga okuyinto ekusebenzeni, futhi izinhlobo ezimbili zezinkantolo division bungabonakala: ku ocacile nezinombolo ku multivalued. Lesi sigaba elula ubhekwa e amadijithi olulodwa. Lapha, ngeke kudingeke ukuba afeze izibalo ezinde. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ithebula kungase kukusize division. Yabelana okufanayo ngakolunye - amabili, enamadijithi amathathu-izinombolo - esinzima ngokwengeziwe.

Cabangela izibonelo zalezi zinhlobo division:

14: 7 = 2 (division ngenombolo idijithi nanye).

240: 12 = 20 (division ngenombolo zamadijithi amabili).

45387: 123 = 369 (division ngenombolo enamadijithi amathathu-).

Lesi sigaba sokugcina bungabonakala, okubandakanya okungelula ukuziqonda. Lapho usebenza ne yokugcina kufanele wazi imithetho ngalo ekwabela yi kuyasiza emihle noma emibi.

Lapho sokuhlukanisa izinombolo ngezibonakaliso ezahlukene (the numerator - inombolo inguyebo, isihlukanisi - omubi, noma okuphambene nalokho), sithola inombolo engenhle. Lapho sokuhlukanisa izinombolo uphawu efanayo (kanye nenzuzo kanye isihlukanisi - omuhle noma okuphambene nalokho) - ukuthola inombolo efanele.

Cabanga ngezibonelo ezilandelayo ukuzwakala:

21: (- 7) = -3

-36: 6 = (-6)

-48 (-8) = 6.

division kwamafrakshini

Ngakho, sidonsa phansi imithetho eyisisekelo, wanikeza isibonelo sokuhlukanisa inombolo ngenombolo, manje ake sixoxe indlela efanele imisebenzi efanayo enamafrakshini.

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi division of amafraktjhini ekuqaleni kubonakala sengathi into kuhle esindayo, eqinisweni, umsebenzi Akunzima ngakho nabo. Kwehlukanisa amafraktjhini wenziwa ngendlela efanayo ukubuyabuyelela, kodwa omunye umehluko.

Ukuze ahlukanise ingxenyenamba, le numerator kumelwe kuqala uphindaphinde idividendi yi zihilela isihlukanisi nokuqopha yi njengoba numerator yangasese. Khona-ke uphindaphinde zihilela we idividendi yi isihlukanisi we numerator kanye Iningi ukurekhoda umphumela njengoba sangasese.

It zingenziwa kulula. Buyelela utlole ingxenyenamba ehlukanisayo, interchanging le numerator kuya zihilela bese andisa izinombolo ewumphumela.

Ngokwesibonelo, ukwehlukana amafraktjhini ezimbili: 4/5: 3/9. Ukuze uqale, phendula the ehlukanisayo, sithola 9/3. Manje wande amafraktjhini: 4/5 * 9/3 = 36/15.

Njengoba ubona, kungcono pretty lula, futhi akukho nzima ngaphezu division ngenombolo idijithi nanye. Izibonelo isinyathelo enamafrakshini isixazululekile nje, uma ungakhohlwa lo mthetho.

okutholakele

Division - omunye imisebenzi zezibalo ukuthi zonke ingane ifunda esikoleni sabaqalayo. Kukhona imithetho ethile ukuthi kudingeka ukwazi namasu, ukuze kube lula lo msebenzi. Lesi sigaba kuyinto ezisalayo futhi ngaphandle, is a division of izinombolo engemihle futhi ayingxenye.

Khumbula izici lo msebenzi zezibalo Kulula kakhulu. Thina adiliza amaphuzu abalulekile ekukhulunywa ngawo kakhulu akuzona isibonelo esisodwa sokuhlukanisa inombolo ngenani ngisho wakhuluma mayelana nendlela ukusebenza ngezinombolo wamaqhuzu.

Uma ufuna ukuthuthukisa ulwazi lwakho mathematics, sikucebisa khumbula lezi imithetho elula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, sikwazi ukweluleka wena ukuthuthukisa inkumbulo kanye nekubala engqondweni, enza dictations zezibalo noma nje uzama ukubala ngomlomo quotient wezinombolo ezimbili ezingahleliwe. Believe me, la makhono akusoze engadingekile.