Inshokutsi - isahlulelo ezicatshangisisiwe

ulwazi okusha sithola e cognition engokoqobo. Nye of them we uthole ngenxa yokuchayeka izwe lezinto elisihaqileyo imizwelo. Kodwa kuyacaca ukuthi amaningi ulwazi sithatha by okukhipha ulwazi olusha kulabo kakade. Okusho ukuthi, ngokwenza okutholakele ezithile noma iziphetho.

Iziphetho - ke kuyindlela evamile ngamazwi, lapho hhayi ngendlela eqondile hhayi ngokusekelwe kokuma ivelele futhi izinto eziqokiwe nobudlelwano bawo. Kubalulekile kakhulu ukuthi ukucabanga wayeqinisile. Kuphela kulesi simo kuyoba lesifanele futhi kufinyelelwe iziphetho ezinembile. Ukuze banelise lesi mfuneko, kubalulekile ukuthi okucatshangwayo zakhiwe ngokwemigomo nemithetho logic kanye nemithetho ethile.

yokucabanga enengqondo

Ukuze ukuhlole ukuba semthethweni kulesi siphetho, kubalulekile ngempela ukukufunda ngokuningiliziwe isihloko bese uqhathanisa umbono ngayo umbono jikelele. Kodwa-ke akudingi ukucatshangelwa yekwentiwa kanye nemisebenti lephatsekako ezithinta into. Ngaphezu kwalokho, esiphethweni - lesi sahlulelo, ngokunengqondo esephetha. Bebonke bakha umumo okunengqondo - syllogism. ukwahlulela okunengqondo Kusekelwe imodeli elaliklanywe ubufakazi futhi okusatholwe, hhayi ngesisekelo observation oqondile.

wabopha ngabhande linye equlekile

Leli gama livele Helmholtz. Kulokhu, igama elithi 'isiphelo' - kuyinto isingathekiso, ngoba kucatshangwa ukuthi isiphetho senziwa zingayi yalokho, futhi ngokungazi. Isihloko njengoba uthi, kodwa empeleni kukhona izinqubo equlekile okuqonda. Kodwa njengoba le nqubo aquleke, ngeke kuthinte umzamo oqotho. Okungukuthi, ngisho noma isihloko uyaqonda ukuthi Umbono wakhe akulungile, akakwazi ukushintsha izingqondo zabo futhi isenzakalo esihluke.

izitatimende okunemibandela

Chain nikhuluma okunemibandela - isahlulelo okunemibandela zazo oxhumene ukuze isiphakamiso wesibili kulandela kusukela kuqala. Noma yimuphi ukwahlulela kuhlanganisa ukuthumela, okutholakele kanye iziphetho. Amaphasela kukhona umthombo wabo ubonisa ukwahlulela entsha. Isiphetho etholwe ngokunengqondo ezakhiweni. Isiphetho - kuba ukuqhubekela phambili okunomqondo ezakhiweni ukuze esiphethweni.

izinhlobo ukucabanga

Hlukanisa sekukhomba futhi nedemonstrativnye iziphetho. Esimweni sokuqala, esiphethweni esekelwe logic yomthetho. Esimeni sesibili, imithetho avumele kungenzeka ukuvuza isiphelo sesimiso izimfanelo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, iziphetho ihlukaniswa ngokweminyaka isiqondiso umphumela onengqondo, degree of ukuhlobana ulwazi obonakaliswe izakhiwo kanye esiphethweni. Lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo ukucabanga: deductive, exhasa, bezindla by Isifaniso.

ukucabanga Inductive kusekelwe indlela yocwaningo, inhloso kabani main sihlaziye ukunyakaza yolwazi kusuka ngokukhethekile ukwahlulela jikelele. Kulokhu, lo lokungeniswa sicaciselwe ifomu okunengqondo ukuthi ubonisa ukunyukela imicabango ezikhundleni bungavami ukuze ajwayelekile.

ukucabanga Inductive - observation umshayeli, okungase ayohlolwa ngokushesha. Okungukuthi, le ndlela silula futhi ethengekayo kuqhathaniswa ebanjwayo.