Inqubomgomo kwedemografikhi eRussia. inqubomgomo Socio-lokubala ubuningi babantu eRussia

inqubomgomo Socio-lokubala ubuningi babantu eRussia It liyisici esiyisisekelo kwetinhlavu nomqondo emnothweni kazwelonke. Ngokunikeza izinsiza lesintu lincike ekuhlaleni ezingeni nezenhlalakahle kuleli zwe futhi ukusebenza isikhundla salo zangaphandle njengoba isihloko isikhala kwezomnotho emhlabeni.

inqubomgomo Population:-ke

Inhloso yalo mkhakha isiqondiso isimo - ukunikeza adingekayo ukuze wezwe angisebenzi. Kuleli kuncike isimo zonke izinhlobo eziyinhloko zendalo ephilayo nomphakathi: Umnotho, izinga lempilo kwezakhi nomphakathi sabantu, ezingaba ukuvikela leli lizwe. Yiziphi izinkomba yakha isimo kwezenhlalo-lokubala ubuningi babantu eRussia:

• ezingeni yokuzalana kwabantu;
• ashukumisayo labantu imingcele futhi isakhiwo tesive
• ngokwempilo yangenyama / wenzalo;
• isibalo seziboshwa nezehlukaniso ezitholakala;
• kufuduka izibalo.

Zonke ezinye izinkomba isimo emphakathini isimo e Dynamics iminyaka 10-15, ngesisekelo okuyinto cut kohlaziyo, ukukhomba izinkinga ezidinga isixazululo ngokushesha, noma imikhuba emibi kanye nokuthuthukiswa izinyathelo iwukudambisa kubo.

Yini inqubomgomo yezenhlalakahle

Inhloso inqubomgomo yezenhlalakahle - Ukwenza ngcono ikhwalithi yokuphila ngokusebenzisa ukuqaliswa kwezinhlelo zezenhlalakahle kanye nokwesekwa umphakathi amaqembu athile abantu. inqubomgomo yezenhlalakahle eyimpumelelo kungokudingekayo ukuze ukufinyelela target Inqubomgomo lokubala ubuningi babantu Russian.

Ngokwesibonelo, "inhlokodolobha sikanina 'uhlelo isetjenziswa ngokusekelwa isimo uhlonzwe amahle ukwandisa isilinganiso lokuzalwa izinga eRussia. Nokho, imisebenzi yomphakathi akuzona bekulungele ukunikeza izimo kule ndawo. Indlela isimo ngekukhula izinga lokuzalwa, esiye saholela Inqubomgomo lokubala ubuningi babantu Russian. 2013 lwembula kusilela of inombolo yezindawo ezikhungweni zemfundo pre-school, lokhu namanje inkinga esikhathini esizayo esiseduze. I ukungalingani kungaholela nemiphumela engathandeki nomphakathi. Ngaphezu kwalezi zici ezimbi, ukuntuleka izindawo izinkulisa ayikuvumeli abazali ukuqaphela zabo ngokugcwele umsebenzi ezingaba khona.

Izinkomba yokuzalana eRussia

Naphezu izinyathelo ngenhloso yokwenza ngcono sabantu eRussia phezu Eminyakeni eyishumi edlule, lo mkhuba maqondana depopulation. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi izinga lokuzalwa ivame ukwandisa (nge-avareji ka-15%), kodwa okusezingeni eliphezulu lokushona kwabantwana bezalwa sabantu abasebenza ishiywa kungalungiswanga umbuzo labantu ukukhiqizwa kabusha.

inqubomgomo kwedemografikhi Russia ekuqaleni kwekhulu wazibonakalisa ayizwakali. Izinga aphansi lokuzalwa kwaba ngo-2000. Esikhathini esizayo, lolu hlelo emgodini lokubala ubuningi babantu okufanele ukuzibonakalisa ngo-2020, lapho isilinganiso sabathola impesheni yobudala ukusebenza ngeke sewenziwa crisis.

Kwakuphakathi nenkathi ka ukukhiqizwa owesincane labantu lasemukela lesi Concept inqubomgomo lokubala ubuningi babantu kuze kufinyelele 2015 nasesimweni sengqondo kuze kufinyelele 2025 ukudala izimo kuqiniswa inqubo kabusha labantu.

Migration izinqubo eRussia yesimanje

Ngenxa yezinguquko ayisisekelo emnothweni eminyakeni eyishumi edlule, ukuncishiswa tinhlelo tekutfutfukisa ezisenyakatho outflow sabantu enamandla kulezi zindawo lalibalulekile futhi Imali ilinganiselwa ngaphezulu kuka eziyisishiyagalombili isenti sebebonke eNyakatho Ekude (abantu kuka 1 million) ngayinye. waphawula izinguquko ezinkulu olinganise umbaleki osemthethweni nezingekho emthethweni ageleza izakhamuzi Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). Yingakho sencwadzi ukuthuthukiswa lokubala ubuningi babantu wabeka umsebenzi wokudala izinhlelo ukuheha othembisayo Ochwepheshe abasha kusukela CIS, ukubuya Bakwethu abavela kwamanye amazwe.

Yezefundo omkhaya nomshado

kulesakhiwo umndeni nomshado okuyisisekelo iyunithi yomphakathi. Lokho-ke wabeka izimiso oda kwezenhlalo, isiko, izimo zengqondo, izimo zengqondo social, ubuntu orientation.

Ukuze ukusebenza ngempumelelo kwezinhlelo zokuxhasa imibono kwezenhlalo lomkhaya kube inkomba yokuthi ubuhlobo obuhle. Ngakho-ke, umgomo Russia elimelela uncika ukuthuthukiswa sebuholi umndeni nomshado. Yimiphi imisebenzi kufanele isandla ekuqiniseni lokhu kubalulekile isikhungo komphakathi? Basinike kulesakhiwo hlelo ukusekela komkhaya futhi ukukhonza injongo hhayi kuphela ukuze luqine, kodwa futhi ukuthuthukiswa izisekelo nesimilo iyunithi nomphakathi:

1. Ukwelulekwa kanye ukwesekwa ngokwengqondo imikhaya okuyinto uyayixazulula inkinga nokugcina umkhaya futhi kuvimbele isehlukaniso.
2. Inani inkulumo-ze womshado ukukhulisa abantwana, futhi ukuvuma emkhayeni izingane lisale ukunakekelwa kwabazali.
3. Ukunciphisa inani izisu.
4. Ukwandisa umthwalo kwabazali isikhathi bekhulisa kanye nokuthuthukisa izingane.

Concept, hlelo, uhlelo kanye nenqubomgomo labantu

Concept - isikhundla yamaSoviet, okuyinto postulate zonke ezinye imibhalo futhi izinqumo ngesikhathi sikahulumeni, zezifunda kanye lendawo level. Ukubuka jikelele isimo Ukucwaninga yezwe kanye ophusile nezinkinga siyachazwa.

Inqubomgomo kwedemografikhi eRussia wenziwa kohlaka lohlelo izindawo umsebenzi. Kunqunywa esifundeni ukuxazulula izinkinga (ukubeletha okunempilo kanye nengane, usekelo abantu umhlalaphansi, nokuvimbela kutiphatsa lokungakafaneli zabantu abasha nabanye) kanye izikali yenhlangano (, amazinga lesifunda kanye kamasipala federal).

Plan - kwasendaweni ngekwendzawo nezesikhasana imisebenzi ngokuhambisana uhlelo lwethu. Loluhlelo lubonakala izibalo ukhonkolo kanye nezinsuku. Kuphele unyaka, kumelwe ihlaziye ngokumelene ukusebenza soqobo okuhleliwe.

Ziyini izidingongqangi esigabeni samanje

Njengoba kuqala, ngokuvumelana imiqondo wamukele ukuthi ukuxazulula Inqubomgomo lokubala ubuningi babantu eRussia ngo-2014 kuya nkathi esikuyo, futhi kufika 2025, yilezi ezilandelayo:

1. Ukuncishiswa ngokwempilo yangenyama (komama ikakhulukazi netebantfwana).
2. Ukwandisa asebenzayo bempilo kuze kube engu-75 ubudala.
3. Igcina Dynamics okwandisa okuzala.
4. Ukuqinisa lesikhungo umndeni.
5. Ukuheha ababaleki.

Isixazululo ezinkingeni zendawo encike ngqo kwi ukusebenza wezinyathelo yezenhlalakahle okuhloswe ngaso eliletha ukuthula izinqubo zezomnotho, ukunciphisa babhekane nezinga elikhulu emphakathini, ukudalwa izimo ezikahle zomphakathi futhi ukukhuphula izinga ophilayo.

inqubomgomo Socio-lokubala ubuningi babantu eRussia yesimanje, inani layo nangethemba

Ukuze ukusebenza nokubikezela nemingcele ebekiwe kubalulekile ukuba ondle ukukhuphuka baphumelele indices ambalwa zokwenyuka kwenani labantu, kodwa futhi ukuqinisekisa ukukhula izinga yezenhlalakahle zokuphila. Inqubomgomo kwedemografikhi eRussia kuhilela isikhathi kuze kufinyelele 2025:

• Ukuze wehlise izinga lokufa sabantu abasebenzayo akuyona izikhathi esingaphansi 1.6.
• Nciphisa komama kanye ukufa kwezinsana amazinga ngo izikhathi ezingaphezu kuka-2.
• Thuthukisa impilo labantu, yakha kushukunyiswe indlela yokuphila enempilo.
• Ukwandisa izinga lokuzalwa by izikhathi 1.5, ukufeza labantu ukukhiqizwa kabusha ngenxa kokuzalwa izingane yesibili futhi okwalandela.

Njengamanje, ukuba yiqiniso kwalesi amalungiselelo, othi inqubomgomo lokubala ubuningi babantu yeRussia, kuqinisekiswa idatha kwezibalo. Ukwanda zemvelo sabantu ngokuvumelana 2012 imakwe izifundo ezingamashumi amane WaseRussia. labantu ezingeni labantu abayizigidi ezingu-143, okuyinto kwakuhlelwe 2015, sesivele izuzwe. Kodwa imigomo ilokhu evumelekile.

inqubomgomo Population futhi imininingwane yalolu sengqondo eRussia

Ngakho, inqubomgomo lokubala ubuningi babantu eRussia, Isingeniso Concept nokuchaza enemininingwane ezinhlelweni zomphakathi - isimiso ithonya zikahulumeni nomphakathi izinqubo emphakathini ukuze sithuthukise izinkomba ambalwa kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwabantu. Inqubomgomo kwedemografikhi eRussia asishintshi, kodwa eba kuphela amasiko bomdabu Russian ekuqondeni ukubaluleka umndeni kanye abakhuliswa ngayo izingane.

I sengqondo Russian njalo equkethwe isimiso nesimilo nobulungiswa nokulingana emphakathini, ukufinyelela izinzuzo kuwo wonke amalungu ayo.

Ngokusekelwe kulezi zinto ezibekwe eqhulwini zenqubomgomo isimo sibheke empumelelweni, njengoba nsé ukuqonda Russian yendabuko ubuhlobo phakathi komuntu nomphakathi.