Umqondo kanye nesakhiwo umthetho lobugebengu

Sakhiwo uhlelo komthetho ophathelene nokwelelesa kuyinto nekucaciseleka ethile. izakhi zayo izinombolo zabo kanye namagama. Lesi sihloko sizodingida umqondo, izici kanye nesakhiwo umthetho lobugebengu.

Uhlolojikelele

Isakhiwo umthetho lobugebengu kanye umthetho lobugebengu kubaluleke ngokukhethekile ku kwencazelo ubugebengu kanye kwesigwebo kubo. I izinombolo amalungiselelo ayikwazi ukulungiswa enezela Ikhodi noma baxoshwe ke izakhi ezithile. Ibe imithetho emisha kungukuthi ezibekwe ekupheleni isahluko noma ingxenye, futhi lezo zindawo, okuyizinto ngenxa okuqukethwe kwabo. Kulesi sikhundla futhi uthola inombolo ezilandelanayo. Kuyinto elifana okwakusendlini eyodwa wangaphambilini, kodwa ikhodi digital anezela kukho. Ngakho, kwakheka isakhiwo sonke is.

Izihloko yomthetho lobugebengu

Ayevame zihlanganisa izingxenye eziningana. Ngamunye wabo uzuza izimpawu wedijithali. amalungiselelo athile ngaphandle izingxenye, futhi babe izinto. Bona ngokuthandana izincwadi. isakhiwo esinjalo yomthetho lobugebengu ikuvumela ukuthola isikhundla oyifunayo ngokushesha, lesikwenta ngokugcwele isenzo esithile. Amanye amaphuzu ancikene Ingxenye Special samanje Ikhodi amanothi. Basuke zavela izincazelo ezibalulekile. Ngokwesibonelo, ku-Art. 158 h. 1 ihlinzeka inothi echaza lokho lokweba. Ngu Art. 285, h. 1, kukhona waphansi ukuthi sichaza igama elithi "isikhulu". Lokhu kukuvumela ukuba ucacise umthetho lobugebengu. Izici kanye nesakhiwo amalungiselelo wawahlukanisa kulezo ezitholakala kwezinye amakhodi.

Criminal Code inikeza incazelo nemibandela sezomthetho mayelana icala elithile. Lezi zibonelo zihlanganisa lento. 204, 151, 126 njalonjalo. Ukuze ube yize umqondo wokuthi umthetho lobugebengu kanye oyiyo yayicacile ukuba izakhamuzi ezivamile, uma amanothi nenqubo labafanelekako ngenxa yezenzo zobugebengu ezihlukahlukene. Ngokwesibonelo, uchaza ukuthi "ubukhulu esikhulu" nezinye izincazelo.

Izinhlobo kanye nesakhiwo umthetho lobugebengu

isici ngasinye siqukethe iziyalo zenzelwe ukusetshenziswa okuphindaphindiwe. Ngokusebenzisa kokulawula kwazo ukuziphatha kwenziwa izifundo emphakathini. Isakhiwo umthetho lobugebengu sihlinzekela onobuhle ezithile, lapho bonke abantu kufanele athathe isinyathelo. Basuke kuvinjelwe izenzo e ikhomishana elibangela umonakalo abalulekile ehlangene nezithakazelo zoMbusi isimo, umphakathi kanye ngabanye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zavela imithetho lesimbi angatjhutjhiswa futhi incur izinhlawulo ezithile ngaphansi kwazo. Isakhiwo umthetho lobugebengu kuhlanganisa enqabelo ekufezeni izenzo ezithile noma imiyalelo mayelana nokuziphatha okwamukelekayo futhi efanele. Basuke okuhloswe ngaso bonke abantu kuleyo nsimu yezwe. Lezi ukuziphatha ungaboniswa zibhalwe futhi ezilotshwe umbhalo we Code. Isakhiwo umthetho lobugebengu we Russian Federation has amandla ezulwini nasemhlabeni. Kuyazeka ngokusebenzisa izinyathelo sibhekwe ngokumelene mthetho we enqabelo noma izimfuneko.

Jikelele Izingxenye Special

Isakhiwo umthetho lobugebengu kuyinto ezininginingi. Lokhu kubonakala ikakhulukazi lapho eqhathanisa izingxenye Special futhi Jikelele Ikhodi. Ukuhluka kubo zibangelwa wokuqukethwe oqondile zoMthetho okwamanje lapho. Ngakho, ngo-Special ingxenye advantageously kuhlanganisa enqabelo. I jikelele ingxenye ikakhulukazi iqukethe izimiso, nezimemezelo, izincazelo, ukuqondisa futhi ugunyaza kuyinsakavukela. malungiselelo akhethekile izingxenye zihlanganisa izakhi ezimbili:

1. Ilungele isimo esithile. Kuyo ngezinga elithile ukuphelela zokukhetha ezishiwo ngoba ukuziphatha, okuyinto uvinjelwe.
2. Unswinyo. Kule ngxenye inkomba iqoqo uhlobo kanye nosayizi izinhlawulo ngenxa yokwephula mthetho eziqukethwe ilungele isimo esithile.

Isakhiwo yomthetho lobugebengu kule Special Ingxenye ngokucacile sihlinzekela umbono ocatshangelwayo. Nokho, sisikiselwe. Umbono kulokhu kusho ukuthi uma umuntu wenze icala elicacisiwe isimo sengqondo, uyaluvumela sisetshenziswa kuso. Nokho, abanye abalobi, basikisela ukuthi kwakheka kwelulwimi (sakhiwo) yomthetho lobugebengu kule Special okuyingxenye is by isikimu classical ezinyunyana.

onesimo

Okwazekayo, ke lakhomba inani izinhlobo:

1. Ingubo.
2. Simple.
3. Indzaba lelandzisako.
4. Ticukatsilwati.

Ukuze onesimo elula libhekene ukungabi khona incazelo yezinhlobo ubugebengu. It kuphela libhekisela isenzo akuvumelekile. Ngokwesibonelo, e-art. . 126, ingxenye 1 yokuma onesimo okuphindiwe igama - "Ukuthunjwa Kwezingane". onesimo Simple kusebenza ezimweni lapho yezinhlobo ubugebengu zicacile futhi asidingi ngisho incazelo emfushane. Kodwa kungakhathaliseki ukuthi elula asikwazanga kubonakale ukwenza, izici zako ezisemqoka kufanele loluvetwa umbhalo we Code. Kule ndaba, ngokusho kwabanye ochwepheshe, ukwelashwa elula kufanele kugwenywe.

onesimo okuchazayo

Le mininingwane isici (ngezinga elithile) libonisa izimpawu subjective noma inhloso zokuziphatha okungafanele. Nale kudalulwe imigomo ebaluleke asetshenziswe isikhundla CC. Ngokwesibonelo, isimo sengqondo esinjalo kwezobuciko. 158. It sifundeka kanje: ". Ukweba - nokweba imfihlo impahla omunye umuntu" Izinga imininingwane izici isenzo ngesikhathi isicelo isici achazayo zingase zihluke.

inkomba onesimo

Akaphishekeli ukubiza izakhi kwesokudla ubugebengu. Lokhu onesimo libhekisela isihloko noma ingxenye yalo lapho tiniketwe. Ngokuvamile isisetshenziswa amahora. 2, 3, 4 izikhundla Especial ingxenye. Lenza kanje: "Lesi senzo efanayo izimisele ..." noma "Izenzo otjhiwo izingxenye 1 no-2 zalesi Sigaba lapho sizibophezele ...". Izikhombo onesimo ivumela compact ukuchaza okushiwo sokuvinjelwa, ikakhulukazi uma icala kancane noma ngokugcwele kudalulwe esebenzisa izinkomba yimiphi imibandela yalo Criminal Code.

izakhi ingubo

onesimo okunjalo Imibandela abonisa nezici ezithile zobugebengu. Ukuze uthole imininingwane futhi kufanele baphendukele kweminye imithombo. Njengoba lezi, isibonelo, ingaba njengesihluthulelo nemithetho kahulumeni, FL, BC ukucaciswa nokunye. Ukusetshenziswa kwalezi dispositions yingoba ubugebengu ngokuvamile kuhluke ngempela uhlamvu eziyinkimbinkimbi, futhi incazelo eningiliziwe izimfanelo zabo ngqo isikhundla CC akunakwenzeka. Kulokhu, lo mthetho okushiwo injalo jikelele kunazo. Kusolwa lapha ukucaciseleka kuyodingeka baphendukele kweminye imithombo angahambisani sphere lobugebengu kanye impahla equkethe kusukela intela, endaweni civil, zokuphatha, noma ezinye. Kwengubo uthathwa onesimo ngumuntu section ekhethekile. Bahlanganisa umthwalo nokuvikeleka izimfa ahlukahlukene. Lokhu kungabonakala art. 215-219. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuze siqonde ukuthi kusho ukuthini ukwephulwa imithetho yomgwaqo noma umsebenzi izimoto, sicela ubheke i-Imithetho traffic emigwaqweni Russia.

ngaphezu kwalokho

Isakhiwo umthetho lobugebengu kuhlanganisa amalungiselelo akhona izici ingubo. Ngokwesibonelo, ngo-Art. 195-197 i-elementi ezifana izenzo umuntu okumele akhokhe ukuletha ubulungisa, kwezobuciko. 188 189 - okuyisihloko isenzo sobugebengu, e Art. 250 h. 2 kanye v. 262 - endaweni nokwenza indlela, kule ngxenye Art yesibili. 249 kanye 248 - ngemiphumela abaletha ingozi emphakathini. Mayelana ingubo dispositions ongathi uma izinhlinzeko zoMthetho Special Ingxenye uchaza ukwephulwa lwetidzingo nezinye izimboni.

imvume

Lona Isici sesibili oyisibopho izihloko ezikhethekile Ingxenye. Yena lizokwenza ukoniwa, bethwele ingozi emphakathini. I imvume kungaba:

1. Lutho.
2. Ticukatsilwati.
3. Alternative.
4. Anginasiqiniseko.

Lesi sakamuva kuyinkomba jikelele isijeziso ubugebengu ngaphandle ukubeka imingcele ethile. Lolu hlobo isetshenziswa umthetho wamazwe ngamazwe. unswinyo ezithile ibonisa kuphela ubukhulu nohlobo isijeziso, okuyinto ingaqoka enkantolo ngoba isenzo esithile. Lezi zici asetshenziswa amakhodi amazwe. Ngokwesibonelo, e-Germany ngoba i-ukubulala inikezwa kuphela udilikajele. Ngo esebenza kusukela 1960 RSFSR Criminal Code njengoba unswinyo nakanjani wakhuthaza isigwebo sokufa. Linikeza ngecala lokubulala iphoyisa khona isihluku. unswinyo Ticukatsilwati musa ukuchaza ubukhulu nohlobo isijeziso icala elithile. Zibeka yisigwebo ukubhekisela nezinye izihloko Special Ingxenye. Ngaphambili, unswinyo ezinjalo Kwakunabantu RSFSR Criminal Code. Manje ziseZwini amakhodi amazwe. Esikhathini yasekhaya Criminal Code kungamukelwa ukusebenzisa unswinyo, ekhomba kuphela ubuncani ukujeziswa. Ngokwesibonelo, eJalimane yokuphanga inikezwa okungenani unyaka wonke ejele. Likhuluma Ikhodi Russian uma usebenzisa unswinyo enjalo kucatshangwa ukuthi kumkhawulo omkhulu isethelwe ukuthi isenzo ingxenye ezivamile.

Ngokuphathelene kwencazelo isijeziso

unswinyo zivumela ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi inkantolo ukukhetha uhlobo umthwalo ngezinga elithile. Lokhu ibangelwa:

1. Ekwakhiweni imingcele ephakeme kanye engezansi lomusho. Ngokwesibonelo, e-art. 105 h. 1 kumuntu osonile kungenziwa isigwebo sasejele ezineminyaka engu-6 kuya ku-15.
2. Imiyalelo kuphela mkhawulo ukujeziswa. Ngokwesibonelo, ngokuhambisana Art. 106 kweKhodi, unina owabulala usana lwakhe inikezwa iminyaka engu 5 ejele. Kwesinye isihloko efakwe elizoba umkhawulo ephansi. 56 we Criminal Code.

Inketho okunye

a imvume enjalo kubhekwa ejwayelekile Ikhodi Russian. Kubiza ezithile, ayavuma ukuthi individualize lomusho, ikhumbula ukuthi singobani isephulamthetho futhi ngezimo ubugebengu. Ngo unswinyo okunjalo izinto eziningana. In ngamunye kubo ukucacisa uhlobo kanye nenani isijeziso.