Inhlendla - yasendvulo ukuzingela isikhali. Ukwakhiwa inhlendla kanye kwemvelo yayo

Iningi labantu ababephila wethu ukholelwa ukuthi inhlendla - kuyinto efana umkhonto ukubamba izinhlanzi. Ivame ukutholakala kudidaniswe umkhonto. Lokhu kuyaqondakala, ngoba ukuzingela nokudoba "ukuzijabulisa" umkhonto zakudala acishe never esetshenziswa, kodwa abantu bomdabu North, abahlala yezandla bendabuko, leli thuluzi is usamhlonipha. "Umphakathi" baseYurophu nabaseMelika manje zisebenzisa isibhamu inhlendla, futhi ungahlangani ngalutho ngensimbi yomculo lasendulo: lena ngempela ithuluzi eziyinkimbinkimbi ukuze amaningi eminyaka ukhona, ke uye washintsha abalulekile. ukuthandwa Special kwaba Yiqiniso, Whaling inhlendla wachaza ngokuningiliziwe Germanom Melvillom, kodwa kwakukhona nezinye, ezahlukene lomklami nenjongo. Sizozama ukugqamisa ukufana kwabo.

Okwakushiwo "inhlendla"

I compilers izichazamazwi eziningana ziyavuma ukuthi leli elithi (harpoen) ukweleta ukubukeka kwayo kuya whalers Dutch, ngubani ekhulwini le-17 kwadingeka ayinakuqhathaniswa. Igama livela Harpo Late ( «hook"). Nokho, kunobufakazi obubonisa ukuthi umqondo kwavela ngisho ngaphambili - the Basques, abantu abahlala ensimini ka iSpain namuhla. Kuhunyushwe kusuka "inhlendla" ulimi Basque - a "itshe isiqhingi." ERussia inhlendla ngokuthi carousing noma yenaliti.

Design. Inhlendla futhi gaff

Idivayisi elula kusuka inhlendla ukubamba izinhlanzi. Lokhu inhlendla - ngomkhonto jagged. Kwezinye izimo, it has a khalisela okunamathiselwe waya esikebheni. Inhlendla ngezinye izikhathi ibizwa ngokuthi umkhonto (kanye noHezekeli), kodwa eqinisweni ejele - zako kungenye asebenze. It has namazinyo eziningana eside futhi akuhloselwe isikhathi sokuphonsa. Hunter hits ke izinhlanzi ngaphandle wokudela ezandleni kushaft. Umkhonto for abazingeli izilwane zasemanzini (zamanzi, walruses) iyisikhali nangomcibisholo, esakhiwa umgodi (ngokuvamile ukhuni), ichopho (kungaba ithambo, ngamatshe, ngensimbi) nokuxhuma kubo intambo. Esikhathini nemibandela ubumpofu ngezinto zokwakha kanye namathuluzi ukuze hunter akulula ukwenza inhlendla ezinjalo. Photo kukhombisa ngokusobala ukuthi isakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi ungaba kule divayisi.

Ichopho ngokuvamile flat futhi jagged, ufakwa shaft, kodwa esihlobene naso okuxekethile. Ngemva Hunter wenza roll, oluthi ahlukaniswa ithiphu engena emzimbeni isisulu. Akukhona njalo kungenzeka ukubulala isilwane kanye eyodwa shot. kwesilwane esilimele engazama ukubaleka, intambo is tensioned, futhi kushaft ukuthi zintanta kwamanzi, umzingeli kubonisa isiqondiso ukuhamba kwayo. Lahla kugxilile emzimbeni isisulu ayikwazi Iqhinga lokhu uvinjelwa ohlangothini amazinyo.

Inhlendla ezizweni ezahlukene

Inhlendla - kuyinto isibhamu ngamazwe. Abantu baye bafunda ukusika kubo emuva Paleolithic Age (Early Stone Age). Babedalelwene ithambo (northerners - isilwane sasolwandle esikwaziyo futhi ukuphila ngaphandle ezweni esinamazinyo azingxavula futhi mammoth) nezimpondo, izinyamazane ngaphezulu. Inhlendla ithiphu Eskimo lasendulo, Aleuts Chukchas futhi Koryaks ikhiqizwa insengetsha, zethusi, ithusi bomdabu nensimbi. Nokho, abantu Alaska akazange eya harpoons lokhuni lonke. Ezinye izizwe zase-Afrika usebenzise inhlendla (nge ithiphu yensimbi) okuzingela izimvubu. On the Andamans kubo ukubulala izingulube zasendle. Ngo emihumeni izwekazi laseYurophu (at amabanga amade uma liya kusukela olwandle) atholakala amathiphu ithambo kusukela harpoons eyinkimbinkimbi, zazisetshenziswa lapho, ngokusobala ukubamba inhlanzi enkulu nokuzingela ku ihlathi (hhayi amanzi!) Izilwane. amathiphu Bone Neolithic atholakala e-Russia. Nge harpoons ezingelwa kokubili ehlobo nasebusika, ngezikebhe emanzini evulekile, noma amanzi nje. Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, harpoons esetshenziswa Indonesia ukuba Whaling, amahlengethwa nezindlovu oshaka. design yabo akazange anikeze zokwehlukanisa ichopho, isikebhe inhlendla iboshelwe eside lin. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi Indonesia ungawulahli a inhlendla ngesikhathi whale abavumi kushaft wezandla zakhe, kuzuba emhlane wakhe futhi bafake ke njengoba umkhonto evamile.

Inhlendla - lasendulo whaler ithuluzi

Amafomu harpoons babe ezihlukahlukene kakhulu. Classic European futhi American Whaling ithuluzi ine isigxobo yensimbi kanye ezibanzi blade iDemo. Ngokuvamile, lezi harpoons, isiphatho sesigodo, zona exhunywe esikebheni intambo ende kakhulu. Ekhulwini le-19 (nangaphambili) whale wajaha emikhunjini encane bendiza (whaleboat). Indlela ibanga 6 metres, lo harpooner waphonsa izingalo zakhe e China (ngokuvamile - amabili). On umqulu ichopho akuyona ehlukanisiwe kushaft. Lin iboshelwe inhlendla, ngokushesha sokuphumula, the whale udonse at ngesivinini isikebhe amagagasi, kuze isiphelile ngokwami. Khona-ke umkhomo wabulala, kodwa hhayi inhlendla kanye ngomkhonto, futhi ayihlalanga yini harpooner nokaputeni whaleboat. Noma kunjalo, inhlendla ezinhle ezijatshulelwa ngenhlonipho enkulu.

Northern abazingeli namanje uhlangabezana imikhomo emzimbeni okuyizinto izibhamu ezisontekile kwekhulu le-19. Okulandelayo sibonisa eyodwa inhlendla ezinjalo. Ama ifotho, ngisho mfushane ukuze, ubufakazi ngokuthi lo mkhomo kwaba ngaphezu isitha esiyingozi.

BaseNorway ikhona ngisho umthetho indoda, umndeni, kungabalula harpooner.

amathuluzi Evolution

Engxenyeni 19 whaler ekhulwini inhlendla yesibili washintsha inhlendla isibhamu, kusungulwe engineer Norwegian Foynom. Watsatsa Whaling ephephile futhi ebukekayo kakhulu. inhlendla Ordinary savela ibe speargun. Kodwa lezi amadivaysi isakhuluma izici eyinhloko "ukhokho" yakhe: ichopho abukhali amazinyo, iqondiswe nasemuva, futhi intambo akuvumeli umzingeli miss yimpango yabo.

Zabomdabu abantu eNorth uqhubeke ukusebenzisa amathuluzi efanayo wawoyise. Inhlendla - iyithuluzi ukudoba ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi izakhamuzi Alaska Chukotka baba nezibhamu etholakalayo, basuke Ngeke ukulahla kungase kutholakale by eminyaka izindlela ukuzingela izindlela.