Incazelo, izimbangela, izimpawu, nokwelashwa nephritis okungamahlalakhona

Sezinso - omunye izitho ezibaluleke kakhulu kohlelo excretory yomuntu. Uma operation evamile apharathasi filtration woniwa, igcwele autointoxication yomzimba, ukuthuthukiswa edema, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, iziyaluyalu umzimba.

Isakhiwo izinso

Sezinso emzimbeni ezimbili ukubukeka, ziyafana ubhontshisi kanye zitholakala esikhaleni retroperitoneal nhlangothi zombili yomgogodla okhalweni ezingeni. Wonke umuntu, okungenani kanye wakhuthazelela isifo sokuvuvukala uhlelo excretory, futhi ukwazi izimpawu nephritis okungamahlalakhona, limelela kahle bakuphi. izinso usayizi sabasincane isisindo ingeqi 200, umzimba siqukethe izingqimba ezimbili: elingaphandle (cortical) kanye yangaphakathi (cerebral). On the ingxenye yomgogodla lebhokisi izinso nemithambo yegazi, kukhona umgodi ekhethekile - ukhalo kwezinso, kusuka lapho ureter.

Isakhiwo lezi zindikimba iyinkimbinkimbi futhi wafunda nasezintweni ezincane kakhulu. Akwaziwa eziyisisekelo isici kwesakhiwo kanye ukusebenza izinso - nephron ise ungqimba cortical futhi ehlanganisa capillary glomerular, senziwe kapusly futhi tubules. Capillary akhiwa ngenxa ngokuletha igatsha umfula kwezinso, futhi mangisho, ingcindezi kulo likhulu kakhulu. Cabanga nje-ke imizuzu 4-5 lonke igazi emzimbeni womuntu isikhathi ukuba adabule nezinso obuphelele isamba tubules kwezinso ifinyelela km 100.

nokusebenza kwezinso

Isibalo nephrons ku izinso iyamangalisa: ngamunye kubo zabo esigidini. Ngalezi amayunithi kwesakhiwo glomeruli ngelanga ukuze kuhlungwe 200 amalitha umchamo okuyinto Ukwakheka iyafana plasma, kodwa elingenalo amaprotheni iqukethe sebuningini izinto umzimba efanele. I convoluted tubule reabsorption kwenzeka egazini iningi izinto, kanye uketshezi, ukuthi isehlane kusukela egazini phakathi umchamo eziningi izinto. Inani lokugcina umchamo isivele 1.7-2 ilitha. Iwela ukhalo kwezinso futhi avikele ulwelwesi lwesinye. umsebenzi izinso kushintsha njalo kuncike nemibandela imvelo bangaphandle zangaphakathi kanye kulawulwa isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko.

Ngaphezu umsebenzi excretory, izinso enze endocrine kakhudlwana futhi umzimba kanye nokugcina amanzi ozinzile futhi electrolyte kanye acid-base balance, benza izenzo ezibonisa ahileleke hematopoiesis, ngokuphindaphindiwe emini uzotshala ngokusebenzisa kwenu lonke igazi emzimbeni womuntu futhi elihlanza izinto ezingafuneki.

isifo sezinso

Ukuze isifo sezinso libhekene ezinye zezimpawu ezivamile. Ukuphulwa umsebenzi wabo libonisa ubuhlungu itholakala esifundeni lumbar, eyodwa noma zombili. Ukuvuvukala ubuso emikhawulweni yethu kwembula ukuhlukumeza imisebenzi kwazo lezi zitho. Ubuhlungu imvamisa anda ukuchama, ushintsho umbala umchamo, khona igazi kulo - lezi zimpawu abonisa ukuthi izinso eziphukile ngokucacile. Izifo ukuvuvukala kwazo lezi zitho zivame ukuhambisana imfiva kanye ezinye zezimpawu ezivamile: ukukhathala, ushintsho ibala lesikhumba, imnyama, nabanye.

Nephritis - akusilo elilodwa, kodwa iqembu izifo elihlanganisa khona ukuvuvukala kule izinso kwezicubu. Ngu ubunjalo ukugeleza kukhona nephritis oyingozi futhi ezingalapheki. Ziyahlukahluka kuye futhi okubangela ukuvuvukala izinso izingxenye gciwane. Yisishiso ungasakazekela lonke izinso (ifomu ehlasela umzimba), futhi kungathinta udumo, (ochagovavaya ifomu) kuphela. Ngo izimpawu acute sivezwe ngokucacile, izinga lokushisa emzimbeni liphuma kakhulu, kodwa nephritis ezingamahlalakhona - isifo ezingase kahle kube asymptomatic.

Izinhlobo ezinkulu nephritis. pyelonephritis

Pyelonephritis - ezivamile isifo ukuvuvukala we nezinso, futhi kubangelwa isifo esibangelwe igciwane ukuthi ungena izinso noma egazini, noma ngomgudu womchamo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kwakuthinta pyelocaliceal uhlelo izinso. Uhlushwa nephritis ezingamahlalakhona lolu hlobo labo wahlupheka kanye esigabeni ngokujulile weni nasekwelapheni tifo yayo is hhayi kuqeda kuze kube sekupheleni. Ngakho abantu kumele eduze kakhudlwana ukuqapha isimo sabo: ilungelo ukwakha yokudla, gwema hypothermia. Basengozini pyelonephritis iyagula omama abakhulelwe, ngoba ingane engakazalwa ezikhulayo licindezele ureters.

glomerulonephritis

Futhi kubizwa glomerulonephritis nephritis glomerular. Sisho ngokuvamile ukuvuvukala mzimba we glomeruli we nephrons, okuzovela ngaphansi kwethonya amasosha omzimba somzimba siqu, kodwa isifo kungenzeka, futhi uhlamvu iguliswa ngemva izifo odlule ezifana imvelaphi ezibangelwa amagciwane kanye ezibangelwa amagciwane. Isenzo ezinobuthi (utshwala, izidakamizwa, mercury) nakho kungaba imbangela glomerulonephritis.

Sishilo kakade ukuthi glomeruli ukukhonza njengephayona izihlungi emzimbeni. Uma siyabhubha basebenza ngendlela efanele, umchamo uqale ukuthola kudingekile umzimba izinto, futhi kuwo bona isavela imikhiqizo kwamazinyo. Man abaphethwe ubuthakathaka jikelele, ubuhlungu emuva, isicanucanu, edema, iphika, futhi kuphula umthetho we ukuchama. I engavamile yalolu hlobo nephritis okungalapheki alternation izinkathi ukuthethelelwa ngeziqephu ka exacerbation izimpawu. Lesi sifo, singekho ukwelashwa okufanele kungaholela ezingamahlalakhona ukwehluleka kwezinso.

nephritis interstitial

nephritis sesikhala - ubulwelwe lapho kokunqotshwa nezicubu Lesisemkhatsini tubules ku nephrons. Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa ukusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa, ikakhulukazi imithi elwa namagciwane, isisu kanye ukuvuvukala, ezifeni ezithile amagciwane viral, okuyinto kuleli cala abayona imbangela kodwa kulethe ukuthi kuphakamisa isici isifo. Ngisho phakathi izimbangela zalesi sifo zenzeke ubuthi ubuthi umonakalo nokusondelana ionizing emisebeni. Kusukela nephritis interstitial kukhona ukwephulwa umsebenzi ijabulise futhi ukhalo kwezinso ukuvuvukala asisebenzi, lokhu zokugula libizwa nephritis tubulointerstitial.

It nanela ukuthi ifomu echazwe lesi sifo has a ukugeleza isici ngokuphelele kuze uthole nephritis ezingamahlalakhona tubulointerstitial. Ukuthuthukisa inqubo sokugembula ekugcineni kuholela ukubonakala izimpawu zokudakwa. Kunzima ngempela ukuxilonga lolu hlobo nephritis ezingamahlalakhona. Iziguli esekhala nomlomo owomile, ukoma njalo, kodwa uchama, ngakho uphawu izifo kwezinso kukhona ngendlela efanele usaqala hhayi okumelwe zibhekwe aphansi iqolo umnene, kodwa lomkhuba njalo - ukuvela ukuqubuka iguliswa emzimbeni. Uma ezingamahlalakhona nephritis tubulointerstitial - uphethwe elingacacisiwe is thembeke ukuqinisekisa ukuba khona noma ukungabi lesi sifo kuzosiza lokhu kweemboniso njengoba biopsy inaliti izinso.

Ukwelashwa nokuvikelwa nephritis okungamahlalakhona

Okungalapheki nephritis izinso - ke cishe njalo phetho undertreated nephritis oyingozi. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi ifomu esingapheli singenza ukuthuthukisa ngaphandle koxhumano esiteji acute esikhathini esidlule, kodwa-ke, cishe, kwakukhona abanye ngezinye zezifo ezithathelwanayo. Ngo isifo esingelapheki we nezinso e izinguquko zabo yokwakheka kwaze kwenzeka ukuba nemibimbi emizimbeni.

ezingamahlalakhona ukwelashwa nephritis kuncike yebo ngohlobo isifo. Kodwa umuntu angakwazi ukuhlonza eziningi imithetho ezivamile. Isinyathelo sokuqala nge ukuthaka imithi ukuqeda igciwane foci emzimbeni. Gwema ukuzivocavoca, ukucindezeleka, zizwa amakhaza. Phakathi exacerbations kudinga esiqinile embhedeni ukuphumula. It bavunyelwe ukuqashwa kukaNksz isisu, eqhuba yokwelapha hormone. Nokho, kufanele izidakamizwa iqondiswa kuphela udokotela. izinkinga sezinso - ke kakhulu, ukuba nemali eyanele yokuthengela self-medicate.

Ukudla ekwelapheni isifo sezinso ihlose ukugwema ngokweqile emzimbeni nesineke futhi ukuthuthukisa excretion izinto nitrogen, kodwa ukudla kufanele kube unothile ngamavithamini. Ngempela kungagcini noma yaphela kusawoti. Inyama nenhlanzi Kunconywa abilisiwe noma wabhaka, kodwa hhayi Fry. Ukuphuza odokotela ketshezi belulekwa ukuba sinciphise ukuba 1 ilitha ngosuku. Utshwala, ushokoledi, ikhofi, seasonings okubabayo uvinjelwe.

zokuvimbela

Ngo ezingamahlalakhona nephritis zokuvimbela wukuqinisekisa ukuthi zonke kusho ukugwema exacerbation lesi sifo. Futhi lokhu kunconywa ukuba baxwaye izifo, hypothermia kanye nagruzhatorganizm ukuzikhandla okukhulu ngokomzimba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, noma yimuphi izidakamizwa imithi, kuhlanganise nezidakamizwa eqeda ukuvuvukala kanye analgesics kumele kusetshenziswe ngokuqapha, kuphela uma kuboniswe futhi ngaphansi kweso lwezokwelapha.