Vasculitis wengane: oluhambisana, nomzimba. Izimbangela, izimpawu, izithombe, ukwelashwa, onalesi sifo

Vasculitis ngokuthi wonke iqembu izimo zokucabanga okubangelwa isifo. Ayavumelana by Isici esisodwa esifanayo - ukuvuvukala ezindongeni imithambo yegazi, okuholela umonakalo yabo nokubhujiswa kancane kancane. Kungenzeka abe sengozini njengoba ngemithambo emikhulu yegazi futhi capillary encane. Ukuthuthukela isifo esingena nezicubu eziseduze kanye izitho zangaphakathi, okuyinto kuphazamisa ukusebenza kwawo okuvamile futhi kuyabacasula umzimba wonke.

Pathology kuthinta kokubili amadoda nabesifazane babo bonke ubudala. Ikakhulukazi esiyingozi ezimweni lapho kukhona vasculitis ingane. umzimba Young beya akakwazi ukubhekana nalesi sifo. ukwelashwa esifike ngesikhathi bathole usizo lwezempilo zokugwema izinkinga.

izinhlobonhlobo vasculitis

Vasculitis olwabiwa eziningi zindlela: uhlobo kanye degree of ukulimala imithambo yegazi (imithambo, emithanjeni, ama-capillary), ukugxila indawo, usayizi waso, njll Lokhu kwenza kube kunalokho nzima ukuze uhlukanise kubo, ngaphezu, ngokuvamile elibuyekeziwe .. Nokho, kumelwe ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwamaqembu amabili vasculitis:

• uhlelo - kubangela ukulimala izicubu kanye izitho, ngenxa yokwephula ngegazi labo ngemishini;
• isikhumba - esiboniswe uhlobo oluthile ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, akuvamile singaholela ezinkingeni.

Futhi ku imbangela eyinhloko okuvela vasculitis zihlukaniswe amaqembu ezilandelayo:

• eyinhloko - kwavela njengoba isifo abahlukene ngenxa yokuhluleka etindlela mzimba;
• yesibili - sekuvele ngokumelene ezinye izifo (izifo, amagciwane, yisinanakazana, njll).

Vasculitis we ingane kanye omdala echayeke ngezigaba olulodwa.

Yeka indlela okuyingozi vasculitis ezinganeni?

Uma vasculitis eba ingane, it kwandisa ingozi ukugeleza generalized, t. E. Sabalalisa wonke umzimba. umzimba Unformed ingane ayikwazi ngokwalo wakwazi ukubhekana kangcono nale nqubo isifo, futhi isifo siqhubeka ngokushesha. Ngakho-ke, lapho kuqala kungenzeka ngefomu oyingozi. Futhi emva yokutakula maningi amathuba okuthi babuyela.

Fever, ukuwohloka jikelele, ukungakuthandi ukudla, ukuqubuka isici esibangela kabi ukulunywa - izimpawu eyenza umuntu ingaze vasculitis ezinganeni (predsavleno isithombe ngezansi). Isimo nzima yokuthi ingane iqala nekama amabala enkingeni kuka traumatize isikhumba, kuvusa kumiswa isibanda izicubu. Ngokusebenzisa isilonda lingena ngegciwane egazini, lokhu okunye siba sibi isimo futhi kubambezela inqubo yokwelapha.

Uma kukhona nanoma yiziphi izinkinga vasculitis ungakwazi iyangena nezinye izinhlobo ezimbi kakhulu. Khona-ke amazed akuzona izitsha kuphela kwesikhumba, kodwa futhi imithambo ezinkulu kanye nezincane, emithanjeni nezinye izindawo emzimbeni futhi izitho zangaphakathi. Emisipheni nasemalungeni ungatholi umsoco ngokwanele futhi umthamo wegazi ogciniwe, kancane kancane yoma futhi ulahlekelwe ukuhamba. ingozi okunjalo akuhileli vasculitis ezinganeni. Ukwelashwa nosizo afanelekayo kumelwe ifike ngesikhathi.

Oluhambisana vasculitis ezinganeni

Oluhambisana vasculitis yaziwa nangokuthi isifo-Henoch purpura. Enough isifo ezivamile izingane ezineminyaka engu-4 kuya ku-7, kodwa kungenzeka in izinsana. Izimbangela - ukudluliselwa kwezifo ezithathelwanayo (viral, webhaktheriya), kucabanga yisinanakazana, imigomo amaningi, komzimba ukudla.

Ubufakazi lokuqala izimpawu zesifo - oluhambisana ukuqubuka ka inamazinga ahlukahlukene okujula obuhlukahlukene. Ngokuvamile-ke itholakala emachosheni ephansi, eduze namalunga, egoba. Kakhulu akuvamile, ukuqubuka zivele kwamanye izingxenye zomzimba - izandla, izinyawo, intamo, ubuso. Kulesigaba lesion zibhebhetheka ezitsheni ezincane kwesikhumba. Lona uphawu oyinhloko okuyinto kunqunywa vasculitis oluhambisana ezinganeni.

Izimpawu sici isifo, kungavuka parallel ukuqubuka kwesikhumba noma kamuva ngokuvumelana nayo. Lokhu kokunqotshwa emalungeni, obonakala njengenhlangano ubuhlungu, ukuvuvukala, edema. Ukuzibandakanya Kunokwenzeka inqubo sokugembula wokugaya ukudla, okuyinto kuhambisana ukusinda esiswini, colic, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza.

Ngesikhathi 1 st noma 2 nd unyaka owodwa wokuphila angagcina ifomu umbani, okuyinto nzima kakhulu vasculitis oluhambisana ezinganeni. Izimbangela - ukudluliselwa kwezifo okubizwa ngokuthi zezingane -. Imfiva Scarlet, inkukhu Pox, rubella, njll Inkambo lesi sifo njalo oyingozi, ebonakala nangokubonakaliswa ngokweqile izimpawu, futhi kungaba yingozi ezinganeni umzimba unformed.

amafomu emitholampilo

Ukuze kube lula, ngo umkhuba emtholampilo, a vasculitis oluhambisana kungenziwa ihlukaniswe yaba ifomu elilandelayo:

• A ifomu elula. Eyaziwa ngokuthi i-purpura cutaneous. Kubonakaliswa ngesimo ukuqubuka ngokubomvu - lena sokungena ngemvume kungakanani abakwaziyo kanye nokuhlola uphawu. Ngokuvamile kuthinta nemilenze ephansi, akuvamile kunqoba.
• Skin-articular purpura. ukubonakaliswa Okuningi ezinzima zalesi sifo. Ngaphezu ukuqubuka, umonakalo ngokuhlanganyela kwenzeka. It kuhambisana ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala. Zithinteka kwamajoyinti, okungenani - indololwane kanye esihlakaleni.
• purpura besisu (syndrome). Ehamba ubuhlungu futhi kuyoba khona ubuhlungu abukhali esiswini, ukuhlanza, isicanucanu. Uma ngabe unezinhlelo lokhu uphawu kunzima kakhulu ukuhlonza vasculitis oluhambisana ezinganeni. Izimbangela zesifo - ukunqotshwa kwezitho besisu, okungukuthi pheshana emathunjini.
• syndrome Nephritic. Ngokuvamile eba phezu zasemuva zezinye izinhlelo izimpawu ezikhungathekisayo zalesi sifo.
• ifomu ezixutshiwe. Kungaba ukuhlanganisa kokubili noma zonke 3 izimpawu.
• amafomu ezingavamile. Ubonakaliswa isifo samaphaphu, isimiso sezinzwa futhi Izitho zokuzala. Wenzeka ezimweni ezingajwayelekile.

izimbangela

Oluhambisana vasculitis basonta mzimba isifo eziyinkimbinkimbi. Lapho livela khona futhi ukuqhubeka izakhiwo mzimba iqhaza - egazini afundwa antigen-omzimba kwakwakhe (AH - AT). Umbala wawo ubhekwa yokusabela kuya Ukungena emzimbeni ejenti angaphandle noma pathogenic - iseli doti, ubuthi, amagciwane, isikhunta ngesibonakhulu, ama-virus, ezingabonakali ngeso lenyama (izimuncagazi). Yingakho vasculitis oluhambisana ngokuvamile eba ngemva kwamasonto ambalwa ngemuva kokuxinwa yisifo ezithathelanayo noma ngokugoma.

Ngokuvamile izakhiwo AT - AG wabhubhisa egazi ekhethekile - phagocytes. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kungaba buthelela esegazini, "silungise 'ku eduze, imbangela ukuvuvukala izicubu kanye izitho. Ngaphandle nesenzakalo AG - AT izakhiwo kwandisa permeability izindonga isitsha, ukusebenza kohlelo umphelelisi - amaprotheni ehilelekile ukuzivikela komzimba. Ngokusho lezi nemingcele, uphethwe laboratory selenziwe.

sitholakele isifo

Vasculitis wengane sitholakale izici ezilandelayo:

1. Ukuba khona ukuqubuka anemibala onsomi futhi abomvu. Izindawo of ububanzi ezincane, ukuma convex. Ingabe kwenzeka kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba, kodwa ngokuvamile - e wemikhawulo aphansi.
2. Besisu (kusukela Latin esiswini -. The esiswini) ubuhlungu. Kungase kube ngezikhathi, kwaqina njalo ngemva kokudla.
3. Biopsy (ucwaningo isinqamu izicubu) izindonga ama-venule noma arteriole ubonisa kwandziswa kwelinani letikhungo granulocytes.

idatha Laboratory akuzona diagnostically abalulekile kule ndaba. Nokho, banake kwandziswa kwelinani letikhungo uhlobo A immunoglobulin, ayisiza ku serum igazi. Futhi izinkomba ezibalulekile kungaba titer okusezingeni eliphezulu antistreptolisin-O (LwaseMelika-O) kanye erythrocyte sedimentation isilinganiso (ESR), okuyinto sitholakale vasculitis ezinganeni.

Izibikezelo angase akhishwe inyumbazane ngenxa uhlamvu evumayo. Kwezinye izimo, izimpawu iyanyamalala ngemuva emva ukubonakaliswa okukhulu lesi sifo cishe izinsuku ezingu-30. Nokho, kukhona ingozi ukwehluleka kwezinso, izinkinga zesifo pheshana emathunjini noma isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko.

Oluhambisana vasculitis ezinganeni: ukwelashwa

Ukwelashwa nokuvikelwa oluhambisana vasculitis uqale kuphela emva yokugcina ukufakwa Uchwepheshe Ihlahlubo izimbangela zezifo. Ukwelashwa kuzoncika esigabeni yesifo nayo ngezinga sokuthuthuka.

Kunoma ikuphi kukhawulwe umsebenzi locomotor. Lokhu kubalulekile ikakhulukazi phakathi ukugula acute. Umbhede ukuphumula iqondiswa kwaze kwaba yilapho zinyamalala nzile ukuqubuka kwesikhumba. ubude bayo isilinganiso mayelana 3-4 amasonto. Ukwephula kulesi simo kungabangela yansukuzonke oluhambisana ngamawala. Esimeni ngenxa yezinkinga oyingozi futhi Yiqiniso embhedeni isifo ukuphumula alula.

Qiniseka ukuba amise yokudla nge ngaphandle esiqinile kuya allergenic Ukudla futhi lungabangela ukukhungatheka okukhulu ukudla allergenic. Uma lesi sifo ngesimo besisu syndrome, ekudleni ebekiwe №1. Inkinga isimo nephritis ezinzima - Ukudla №7 (ngakususi usawoti, inyama, ushizi). Lokho kudla kuzonciphisa izimpawu ezingathandeki elibangela oluhambisana vasculitis ezinganeni.

Ukwelashwa, kungakhathaliseki isifo, kantsi sicuketse loku ethola izidakamizwa antiplatelet - izidakamizwa ukuthi ukunciphisa thrombosis futhi fibrinolysis activators - izinto ezihilelekile kule "Ukuqedwa" amahlule. Ukwakheka nemithi kanye nobungako, umthamo wabo kanye nesikhathi reception uthi udokotela.

Njengoba indawo okuvela kuyo amazwi isifo elihlobene ne kwethulwa izindlela mzimba, impatho siqukethe ekususeni emzimbeni izakhiwo AG - AT. Ngezinye izifo ezimbi futhi azikho Izimo ukuqhuba mechanical yokuhlanza igazi - plasmapheresis. Lokhu inqubo kuzosusa kusukela egazini izakhiwo hhayi kuphela mzimba, kodwa futhi namagciwane abangela izifo, isikhunta ngesibonakhulu, ubuthi.

vasculitis nomzimba izingane

Isizathu salokhu isifo - yokusabela nomzimba. Ngokuvamile, lokhu ukuzivikela komzimba ukuze imithi, ukudla, noma ukungenwa amagciwane emzimbeni. Lokhu kuphumela ukuvuvukala ukulimala imithambo yegazi, ikakhulukazi esikhumbeni. Ngokuvamile kwenzeka abantwana kuze iminyaka engu-15 ngemuva kokuxinwa yisifo ezithathelanayo noma inkambo letsintsa tekwelapha. Ngezinye izikhathi isizathu ukuthi kukhona hypersensitivity vasculitis ezinganeni, kungase kungabi sobala. Khona-ke udinga umlando ngudokotela.

Uphawu oyinhloko kuyinto ukuqubuka ebanzi, silume. It has ukubukeka izindawo kanye / noma lamachubu ayizindunduma umbala onsomi noma obomvana ngokunsomi ezindaweni ezinkulu zesikhumba. Bona ikakhulukazi ivele imilenze, emathangeni, izibunu. Mhlawumbe amashashazi ulceration, nezibazi imithambo lilimele. vasculitis Allergic ngokuvamile kuxazululwa ngokwa phakathi namasonto ambalwa. Nokho, ngenxa yezinkinga kungenzeka ezifana ukulimala kwezitho ezingaphakathi ngenxa yokwephulwa igazi labo supply.

Izinhlobonhlobo kanye namafomu

Kuye ubukhulu bomkhumbi okubhekiswe, ovelele:

• ebusweni (dermal) vasculitis iguliswa - kuthinta capillary, arteriole futhi ama-venule esikhumbeni ezihleli;
• ezijulile noma dermo-hypodermal - kwenzeka uma inqubo sokugembula abathintekayo imithambo kanye ngemithambo Usayizi medium.

Kuye esiteji ukuthuthukiswa ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, kukhona izinhlobo eziningana sifo:

• papular - ukuqubuka bulging, palpable, esikhunjeni;
• vezikuleznaya - ezakhiwe Bubbles (vesicles) nge okuqukethwe uketshezi;
• pustulnaya - avele izimbotshana ezigcwele ubomvu;
• isilonda - on-site pustules avele izilonda necrotic;
• isibanda - kuhambisana nezibazi zesikhumba lilimele.

Ukwelashwa nokuvikelwa vasculitis iguliswa

It ihlose nokunciphisa ukulimala kwamathambo ngenxa imithi. Therapy kuhlanganiswe sihlanganisa reception Kusho ukunciphisa ekunqandeni (izidakamizwa antiplatelet), ukwandisa ithoni semithambo, futhi antihistamine ukunciphisa komzimba. Uma lesi sifo yansukuzonke ngokwemvelo, awukwazi ukuthatha imithi esetshenziswa ekuseni, kungenzeka ukuthi umzimba uye wazakhela ukumelana nabo.

Ukuqeda kwethonya ukudla ejenti iguliswa babelwa ukuthola enterosorbents. Le mithi ukuhlanganisa nokuhlukanisa ukususa ubuthi amathumbu, ukuvimbela nabo kusuka engena egazini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ekudleni okuqinile ngaphandle kwemikhiqizo ukudla ukuthi aveze kungaba amasosha omzimba. Lesi senzo ngibopha lapho ethola ukuthi unesifo vasculitis ezinganeni.

Izimbangela zesifo kungaba nhlobonhlobo. Ngezinye izikhathi, uma kunesidingo, umthetho imithi ukuthi kungabangela ukusabela nomzimba. Isikhathi yokwelapha kuncike ubunjalo isifo (mihlobiso noma yansukuzonke).

Okubalulekile ukwazi abazali?

Abazali kudingeka uqaphe kakhulu mayelana nanoma yisiphi ukuqubuka esikhumbeni ingane. Ngisho nalezo ibonakale iwubala efika kuqala. Abazali kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi vasculitis kwengane kungenzeka amagagasi: izinkathi ukuthethelelwa indawo ngangibuye ngihluleke. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izimpawu kabusha abasafufusa isifo zingahluka kusuka lezo ubukade. ukwelashwa esifike ngesikhathi bathole usizo lwezempilo ukugwema nemiphumela ebuhlungu.

Akubalulekile ukuthi ingane aphathwe ngokuzimela uma kusolakala vasculitis. Ezinganeni, izimpawu kungenzeka edidayo. Ukuxilongwa kanye nokwelashwa kufanele bakwenze uchwepheshe ofanelekayo. Ikakhulukazi ungabonisi ukuzimela lapho ukhetha immunostimulatory nezidakamizwa immunomodulatory. Phela, isizathu esiyinhloko ukubukeka noma yiluphi uhlobo vasculitis - ukuhlukumeza imisebenzi zokuzivikela izindlela zomzimba.

Ukuvimbela kabusha ukuvela sifo ingane kusiza ukugcinwa izinyathelo ezilula:

• zinciphise isibalo zezinhlamvu ezingaphandle ezibangela ukucindezeleka;
• ukuqinisekisa ukudla okunempilo, yokuphila asebenzayo;
• khona ukuzikhandla ngokomzimba ukukhanya;
• ekuqiniseni amasosha omzimba.

Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi isifo sife-phambili ingane zisencane kungaba yingozi ekukhuleni kwakhe ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo.