Imfundo Physical: imigomo, izinjongo, nezindlela kanye nezimiso. Izimiso imfundo ngokomzimba izingane zamabanga aphansi: izici somthetho ngamunye. Izimiso Sekutivocavoca System

Kwezemfundo lanamuhla ingenye izindawo eyinhloko yemfundo - imfundo ngokomzimba kusukela zisencane. Manje ukuthi izingane zichitha cishe sonke isikhathi sami khulula phezu zekhompyutha namafoni okusetshenziswa, lesi sici kuba okubaluleke ngokukhethekile kuzo. Phela, ubuntu obunobunye okuyinto injongo imfundo imfundo yesimanje - akuyona nje ububanzi elwati nemakhono, kodwa futhi ukuthuthukiswa ezinhle umzimba nempilo yingakho ezinhle. Yingakho kubalulekile ukwazi kumigomo yemfundvo ngokomzimba, injongo yayo kanye nezinhloso. Lolo lwazi luyokwenza ukusiza wonke umzali ukuthatha ukuhlanganyela ngenkuthalo ekuthuthukiseni ubuntu onempilo ingane yabo nge esigabeni pre-school kanye alisize ukuze zikhule kahle.

imfundo Physical: imigomo, izinjongo, izimiso

imfundo Physical - kuyinto inqubo yemfundo ihlose ukuba balolonge motor amakhono yengane, izimfanelo zakhe psycho-ngokomzimba, kanye umsize enze emzimbeni wakhe ophelele.

Inhloso yalesi isiqondiso kuyinto imfundo ngokuvumelanayo athuthukile, izingane eziphelele ngokwenyama, enikhona ezingeni lelisetulu izinga ezifana ngokwenama, ubungqabavu, lokusungula. Ukuqeqesha umzimba siqondiswe ekuxazululeni izinkinga ezifana:

• impilo;
• imfundo;
• zemfundo.

Ukuthuthukiswa ingane kuqala for inqubo yemfundo futhi okuhloswe ngayo ukwenza ngcono impilo kanye nokuvikelwa impilo yengane. Okunye okufakiwe ukuthuthukiswa obunobunye lengqondo, ngcono ukungatheleleki esebenzisa ukuqina, kanye ikusize. izinselele Impilo zenzelwe:

• ukusiza akha ukuma lengiyo, amajika emgogodleni, Imizimba obunobunye;
• ukuthuthukisa amakhothamo angu ngezinyawo;
• ukuqinisa umsipha-articular apharathasi;
• alawule ukukhula amathambo eqinile;
• ukuthuthukisa imisipha ubuso, umzimba kanye nazo zonke ezinye izinto ezisemkhathini.

Izinjongo Sikhungo enzelwe ukwakha amakhono motor, kanye on ukuthuthukisa izici psycho-ngokomzimba kanye motor amakhono. Lihlanganisa ukuthengwa uhlelo ulwazi oluthile yezemidlalo umzimba, isakhiwo sabo futhi ngalokho abayikho umsebenzi zokungcebeleka emzimbeni. Ingane inqubo imfundo kufanele uqaphele yezenzo zabo ezingokwenyama, ufunde amagama, ngokomzimba futhi kwendawo, kanye ukuthola ulwazi oludingekile ngokubulawa kwakhe efanele ukunyakaza kanye nezemidlalo umzimba, ukulungisa kwimemori, njengoba izinto igama, amagobolondo, izinzuzo, futhi ukhumbule uzisebenzise kanjani. Kufanele azi umzimba wakhe futhi inqubo Pedagogical okuhloswe ukwakha in reflection wakhe somzimba.

izinkinga Sikhungo baqamekela kumiswa ikhono lokwenza ukusetshenziswa okunengqondo ukuvivinya umzimba azethembe motor umsebenzi, kanye nosizo yokufuna umusa, eguquguqukayo kanye imiva ukunyakaza ngokukhululekile. izimfanelo Oqeqeshiwe ezifana ukuzimela, isinyathelo, lokusungula, self-inhlangano. Kwakheka imfundo izimfanelo yokuhlanzeka, kanye nokwesekwa ukuze abanakekeli enhlanganweni imidlalo ezahlukene. Izinjongo zemfundo kuhlanganisiwe ukudalwa izimo ezikahle ukuze kwakhiwe yizimfanelo zobuntu obuhle, emizameni yokuthuthukisa izisekelo zalo zokuziphatha futhi izimfanelo volitional, bagxilise isiko imizwa sengqondo tebuciko ukuze yezemidlalo umzimba.

Isixazululo zonke izinkinga ubunye kuyisihluthulelo kumiswa obunobunye ubuntu ngokucophelela athuthukile.

Izimiso imfundo ngokomzimba akhiwe amaphethini eziyisisekelo methodological of inqubo yemfundo, okuyinto obonakaliswe izidingo eziyisisekelo okuqukethwe, umklamo kanye nenhlangano inqubo yemfundo futhi methodical.

imfundo Evumelanayo ngokomzimba cishe inhlanganisela obschepedagogicheskih izimiso didactic nemithetho yokuqeqeshwa ezindaweni ezithize.

izimiso Jikelele Pedagogical: ukuqaphela, umsebenzi, njalo kanye ukuphindaphinda

Izimiso lemfundo ngokomzimba lezingane zasenkulisa ngokuyinhloko usekelwe emisebenzini yasemahhovisi le mfundiso eyisisekelo ukuthi eyosiza ekuphumeleliseni lo mgomo. ubunye zonke izingxenye kuphela kuqinisekisa ekukhuleni kwengane ezingeni lelifanele. Ngakho, izimiso eziyisisekelo ukuqeqeshwa ngokomzimba zasenkulisa izingane ngesisekelo Pedagogical jikelele:

1. Isimiso senzelwe ukuqwashisa ingane sengqondo ezinengqondo yezemidlalo umzimba, kanye imidlalo ongaphandle. Etholakale esekelwe kokuphikisa ukuqaphela ushiwo yokufunda ukunyakaza. Esikhathini ulwazi nobuchwepheshe ukunyakaza, oda ngokubulawa kwabo, kanye sakhe umzimba imisipha ukungezwani kule ingane kwakhiwa komzimba reflection.
2. Isimiso asebenzayo kusho ukuthuthukiswa izimfanelo ezifana ukuzimela, isinyathelo, lokusungula.
3. Isimiso ehlelekile futhi ukungaguquguquki. Ebhekisela izimiso eziyisisekelo imfundo ngokomzimba teaching, ingasaphathwa degree of ukubaluleka kwalesi ethile. Kuphoqelekile yefomu ngamunye izinkomba imfundo: ekuphuculeni motor amakhono, futhi udale imodi ukuqina. Linikeza ubuhlobo ehlelekile elwati nemakhono. bezilolonga kanye supply ohlelweni ukuvumela master omusha ke, osizweni, yiya olandelayo, nzima. Lomgomo yaqaphela njalo, lenqubekela phambili kanye nokusebenza ukuqeqeshwa esihleliwe mkhuba esikhathini ubudala pre-school.
4. Umgomo we ukuphindaphindwa motor amakhono. Ekhuluma kumigomo yemfundvo ngokomzimba lezingane zasenkulisa, lokhu kufanele kushiwo ohlwini ebaluleke kakhulu. Kuyinto ukuphindaphindwa ukunyakaza futhi ivumela ukumuncwa kumiswa motor amakhono. Kungaleso sikhathi kuphela lapho ungakwazi ukukhiqiza eyeqisayo ashukumisayo. ukuphindaphinda uhlelo kusekelwe nokwenziwa material amasha kanye ukuphindaphinda.
5. Umgomo we gradualness, okusho ukuba khona ongakhetha izinguquko ngemibono akhona ukunyakaza. Kancane Kancane futhi njalo umsebenzi - ngesisekelo imithetho bokuphila.
6. ukuzwakala isimiso, edingekayo ukuze umiswe isixhumanisi phakathi bezibona sezinzwa futhi ukucabanga. Lokhu kuzovumela directionally kuthinte yonke imisebenzi ye izinhlelo sezinzwa abathintekayo kule nhlangano. Ekhuluma ngalezi kumigomo yemfundvo ngokomzimba, ukubandakanya ukubonakala nenkhulumombiko. kuphakama Eyokuqala kusukela lokuthi uthisha yena ubonisa motor imisebenzi ukuthi ifunda kulesigaba Lesiphakeme. ukubonakala umlamuleli yaqaphela ekuboniseni amafilimu, iziqondiso, izithombe kanye namagrafu ukuthi inikeze ukumelwa olunembile ukunyakaza entsha. Lesi simiso kunqotjhwe ngalo ukunikela Mastering anesinwe sokudlala we izinto ezintsha.
7. Isimiso ukutholakala kuyisihluthulelo emfundweni ngokomzimba kwesokudla. Ikhumbula amazinga ehlukene nobunzima umzimba, uthisha kufanele inake izici siqu ingane ngalinye ukwabela umsebenzi ngokomzimba. Kuphela indlela okunjalo kuyoletha izinzuzo emzimbeni futhi ukusiza ekuthuthukisweni avumelanayo zonke izimfanelo zabo ezingokomzimba zasenkulisa. Ukwahluleka okuthobela nanoma isimiso ukutholakala kungaholela ukuhlukumezeka ahlukahlukene ezingokomzimba nezingokwengqondo.
8. Umgomo we individualization orientation idatha preschooler zemvelo, esekelwe okuyinto, uthisha kudala icebo ukwenzangcono sokuthuthuka ngokomzimba.

Kancane kancane, ukubonakala, lungeneke, individualization - ezinye izimiso jikelele Pedagogical

Kuyadingeka ukuba sikhumbule ukuthi ngamunye lezi zimiso zeBhayibheli eyinkimbinkimbi kuqinisekisa kumiswa ukwakha ubuntu enempilo. Ukwahluleka okuthobela nanoma okungenani omunye wabo kunciphisa amathuba ekufezeni ngokunembile lo mgomo.

Izimiso imfundo ngokomzimba: izici somthetho ngamunye

izidingo zezemfundo Modern ehilela ukunamathela ngokucophelela zonke imithetho imfundo ukuze kufezeke izinhloso okuhleliwe. yobudala Preschool kuyinto esigabeni sokuqala ukufunda ubuntu. Futhi manje kubaluleke kakhulu ukucabangela zonke kumigomo yemfundvo okuthintekayo kwathatha ingxenye entsha ukuqeqesha ingane ezidingekayo motor amakhono, kuveza komzimba kanye nezinye izinkomba ngokomzimba yomuntu. Izimiso ezizolandelwa emkhakheni wezemfundo, lokhu okulandelayo:

1. Isimiso phambili, okuyinto ungomunye wemisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu. Zinikeza oda sessions, ubudlelwano phakathi kwabo, kanye kangaki futhi eside kufanele kwenziwe. Employment luyisihluthulelo ukuthuthukiswa efanele ngokomzimba wengane zasenkulisa.
2. Isimiso kwalesi simiso alternation ukuphumula ngokwanele nokuvivinya umzimba. Ukuze kwenziwe ngcono ukusebenza imisebenzi, isidingo ukuhlanganisa umsebenzi omkhulu nengane ehlala izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zezindwangu ezingaba motor umsebenzi. Lomgomo lubonakaliswa ushintsho othakazelisayo ifomu bese okuqukethwe imithwalo obusebenzayo komunye isigaba kwenye.
3. Isimiso kancane kancane Ukwakha-Didactic ukuqeqeshwa amathonya inquma ukwanda ezilandelanayo of imithwalo. Le ndlela kwandisa umphumela zentuthuko, icacisa, futhi ilungisa umphumela umsebenzi emzimbeni ngokuhamba isiqondiso ukuqeqeshwa.
4. cyclicality isimiso ihlinzeka ukulandelana latiphindzako imisebenzi, ngaleyo ndlela nabo ukwandisa ukusebenza kahle, ukuthuthukisa ngokomzimba imfanelo preschooler.

Okunye izimiso kwalesi simiso kule ndawo imfundo

Izimpawu kumigomo yemfundvo ngokomzimba kuyohlale kuntula uma ngingenaye kokukhuluma ezinye izimiso eziyisisekelo:

1. Umsebenzi isimiso ka engu-inqubo isiqondiso imfundo, okuhilela ikhumbula zonke izici ngamunye wengane zasenkulisa.
2. Umgomo we nentuthuko egcwele nobunye. Kusiza ukuthuthukisa amakhono engqondweni nasemzimbeni wengane, motor yakhe amakhono, wenziwa ngobunye. Lesi simiso ihlose bonke-round ekukhuleni kwengane zasenkulisa, ehlanganisa imfundo zonke izimfanelo siqu ingane.
3. Umgomo we orientation ekuthuthukiseni, okuyinto ihlose ukuxazulula inkinga ukuqiniswa kokunikezwa kwezidingo zezempilo zezingane. Lokhu kuhilela umzimba nge izinqubo ethize amathuba okuba umzimba wengane. Futhi zisiza kakhulu ngcono imisebenzi zokuzithokozisa zobuchopho. Ekhuluma kumigomo yemfundvo ngokomzimba zasenkulisa, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi ukuqaliswa kule ndawo kufanele sigcwaliswe ngokuqinile ngaphansi kokuqondisa kukadokotela.

Kusukela uthisha adinga ukugcinwa esiqinile somthetho ngamunye imfundo ngabanye lezingane zasenkulisa yaphakanyiswa khona njengendaba kahle ngangokunokwenzeka.

Izindlela kulesi siqondiso wezemfundo

Ngaphansi indlela libhekisela iqoqo amasu okuhloswe iqhakambisa inqubo yemfundo. Kukhethwa indlela kuncike imisebenzi ebhekene uthisha okwesikhathi esithile isikhathi, wokuqukethwe kwezemfundo kanye imisebenzi zemfundo, kanye izici ngamunye kanye yobudala esikoleni.

Izindlela kanye nezimiso ukuqeqeshwa ngokomzimba ekuhlanganisweni letentelwe kuphumelelisa yigoli: ukwakha umuntu ngokwenyama athuthukile.

Phawula ukuthi ukusebenza amandla ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo, bese bonke abanye ngemuva umthwalo ubuyisela isheshe futhi ngokuyimpumelelo.

izindlela Basic isiqondiso imfundo, okuyinto kuyisisekelo umnakekeli ngesikhatsi operation nge esikoleni, lokhu okulandelayo:

1. Ulwazi indlela abalalelayo ukuthi inquma interconnection nokuncika komunye nomunye umsebenzi ahlangene ingane futhi onakekela abanye. Siyabonga kuye, thishela angasebentisa ngokuqondile futhi ngokucacile sokudlulisela ulwazi ukuze zasenkulisa, futhi - uyaqaphela uwakhumbule futhi abone.
2. Wokuzala kanye elinye igama lakhe - indlela ekuhleleni izindlela ukudlala womsebenzi. Eyicabangayo ngokusebenzisa umsebenzi izinhlelo oluhlose nokuzala izenzo preschooler eyaziwa elakhiwe ngokusebenzisa ulwazi-elungele ukwamukela okufundayo indlela.
3. Inkinga-based yokufunda indlela iyingxenye kwalesi simiso semfundo, okuyinto kuyobe akuphelele ngaphandle kwalo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi umntwana akakwazi sifunde ukucabanga futhi ukuthuthukisa amakhono zokudala ezingeni ezidingekayo ngokusebenzisa Kutfola lwati. Ngesisekelo yokufunda inkinga ezisekelwe akha imithetho ukuthuthukiswa ukucabanga kanye nobuqambi ulwazi. Umsebenzi nangokwengqondo wengane icushiwe, lapho isidingo ukuqonda okuthile. Befuna ikhambi inkinga nguye yedwa ukhiqiza ulwazi. Bayahlabelela kugaywe ungcono izimpendulo ngomumo eyenziwe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho ingane enquma umsebenzi nokwenzeka iminyaka lakhe imidlalo mobile, kunomthelela ekuthuthukiseni ukuzihlonipha kanye ukuzethemba. Ukwenza izimo eziyinkinga yezimoto umsebenzi, uthisha yenza ukufunda mnandi futhi ngempumelelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kungokudingekayo kuhle ukuthuthukiswa kwamakhono lokusungula, okungenza ngibe ingxenye ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni izingane zasenkulisa.
4. Indlela esokuba umsebenzi ngokomthetho uyayixazulula inkinga yokunikeza imvelo best for ingane Iyakwazi motor amakhono futhi bahlakulele izimfanelo psycho-ngokomzimba.
5. Indlela yokuqeqeshwa wesifunda, ezihilela ukuhamba preschooler ebangeni elinqunyiwe, ukusebenza imisebenzi ethize kanye umzimba ukuthi ukunikeza ithuba ukusebenza ngamaqembu ahlukene imisipha, izitho ezithile zomzimba. Injongo le ndlela - ukuphumelelisa okusezingeni eliphezulu sithuthuka umphumela umsebenzi futhi ukwandisa nekusebenta umzimba.

izindlela Obschedidakticheskie wokufundisa esikoleni izinkomba

Ngaphezu kwalezi, kunezinye izindlela wokufundisa esikoleni ndlela kukhona obschedidakticheskie:

1. izindlela engokomfanekiso anomthelela ukukhiqiza ulwazi futhi imizwa mayelana ukunyakaza, bezibona sezinzwa futhi ikhono ukuthuthukisa inzwa technology.
2. amasu Verbal, nakho abizwa ngokuthi ngamazwi, okunqotjhwe kilo ukuqinisa ukwazi yengane, ukwakheka Ukukuqonda kahle imisebenzi, ukusebenza umsebenzi ngokomzimba ezingeni bayazi, ekuqondeni okuqukethwe kwabo, isakhiwo, kanye nokusetshenziswa ezizimele kanye zokudala ezihlukahlukene ezimweni.
3. izindlela Olungokoqobo eklanyelwe ukuqinisekisa yokuqinisekisa motor izenzo preschooler, ngokunemba okuqonda kanye motor yakhe emizweni.

Phakathi nokuqeqeshwa kubalulekile sikhumbule ukuthi zonke izindlela nezimiso imfundo ngokomzimba zihlobe- futhi kufanele isetshenziswe ekuhlanganisweni imiphumela ephumelela kakhudlwana.

Ukuvivinya umzimba - ukuthuthukiswa yokuzimela futhi lokusungula

Neminyaka eyisikhombisa yokuqala yokuphila kwengane - inkathi yentuthuko okukhulu: kokubili emzimbeni nasengqondweni. Yingakho kubalulekile ngakho ukuqinisekisa kwezimo ezifanele ukuqeqeshwa futhi usebenzise zonke kumigomo yemfundvo ngokomzimba. Umsebenzi wakhe ikusasa nempumelelo yemfundo encike ngqo kwi kahle kanjani iyolawula umzimba wakho futhi ukunyakaza. Lokubaluleke kakhulu kukhona dexterity kanye orientation, kanye ijubane impendulo motor.

ihlelwe kahle imfundo ngokomzimba zasenkulisa izingane ekuphileni kwansuku zonke, othisha nabazali ukuhlinzeka ukusebenza motor mode, okuyinto imfuneko abaphile ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo wengane emini.

Izindlela ukugcwaliseka ngokomzimba imfundo zasenkulisa

Isimiso eziyisisekelo imfundo ngokomzimba Kugcwaliseka imigomo kanye nezimpokophelo ezifanayo. Yini ibangelwa amafomu ahlukahlukene lokuzivivinya:

• imidlalo ongaphandle;
• ukuhamba;
• umsebenzi umuntu preschooler umuntu othile noma iqembu elincane;
• umsebenzi izingane e izindlela ezihlukahlukene zokuvivinya umzimba ngokomzimba ngefomu ezimele;
• ngokomzimba ukuqeqeshwa amaholide.

Avamile ngokomzimba ukuqeqeshwa amakilasi yisisekelo kanjani ifa kahle ingane motor amakhono. Nokho, uthisha ayikwazi ukuba imisebenzi enjalo ukuqinisekisa ngcono amakhono etholwe, azinze, kanye nekhono ngokuzimela ukuthola nabo ekuphileni kwansuku zonke. Yingakho ukuqaliswa kumigomo yemfundvo ngokomzimba senzeka usuku esikoleni kulo lonke ngosizo ezihlukahlukene enkonzweni. Kuze kube yimanje, ngaphezu ejimini njalo ekuseni futhi nemali ethile of sivivinyo sansuku zonke inikeza isikhathi imidlalo ahlukahlukene ongaphandle, ukuqeqeshwa siqu, kanye nokunikeza amathuba izingane ukudlala bebodwa noma ngamaqembu amancane. Ngakho, izimiso ukuqeqeshwa ngokomzimba lezingane zasenkulisa ziyasetshenziswa cishe kuzo zonke izinhlobo imisebenzi muntu phakathi nokuvakasha kwazo e zasenkulisa.

Ukuhambisana nomthetho ngamunye - isihluthulelo sempumelelo bafinyelele imigomo

imfundo Preschool - esigabeni sokuqala yokufunda kanye umsebenzi engqondweni yethu ingane. Phela, ngalesi sikhathi kwakheka isisekelo okwakhelwa kuso kusekelwe impumelelo lapho beqeqeshwa ngokwengeziwe. Futhi sicabanga ngobuhlobo obuseduze imfundo ezingokomzimba impilo yengane, kuyisisekelo imfundo zobuntu ngokuvumelanayo athuthukile. Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuba bathobele bonke kumigomo yemfundvo ngokomzimba. Ukuhlola kafushane ngamunye wabo, ungabona degree of ukubaluleka isimiso izinyathelo eziyinkimbinkimbi kuthathwe ukufeza umgomo.

Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi sentfutfuko ngaphezulu ingane zasenkulisa akufanele kungagcini amakilasi enkulisa. Wonke umzali kumele kube ngokugcwele ukubaluleka ukuze kuhlangatshezwene ngokugcwele nezimiso imfundo ngokomzimba ukuze kwakhiwe obengeziwe izimfanelo siqu nezingokwengqondo ingane. Futhi yiso kulesi sikhathi kwakheka isisekelo umuntu esizayo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna indlela ukunakwa kungenziwa ukhokhelwe ezingaphezu kuka ekuthuthukiseni ngokomzimba ingane. Esikhundleni ukubukela opopayi nemidlalo yama-computer okufanele afundise ingane ukuba imidlalo mobile. Ziyakwazi inqubo yentuthuko kuyoba nesandla lasungulwa efanele ngokomzimba.