Ihlathi Futhi Imvelo

Ihlathi - lena uhlobo main izimila ungqimba Zomhlaba. Kuyinto umthombo eqolo imikhiqizo ehlukahlukene, kuba impahla ngokwanele ubudala futhi eyaziwayo ukuthi isetshenziselwa emikhakheni ehlukahlukene. Kuyinto kwesimo sobunye, imvelo nje ingxenye yalo. Kule ndaba, ukwehlukana emahlatsini imvelo ubhekwa ezivamile. Kuyadingeka kuvulwa kancane kancane nobuhlobo babo, ngqo futhi ephambene.
Ucwaningo we isikhala ubuhlobo kanye imvelo, amahlathi kanye imvelo ngemvelo ihlathi waziphatha ngendlela ebanzi cross-section. Njengoba into kwemvelo futhi ucabangele ezithile bokhuni non-izinkuni ihlathi eziphilayo. Ihlathi ngemvelo njengoba sineko ihlanganisa izici ezilandelayo: autekologicheskie okunengqondo. Ukuze isici sokuqala sibandakanya ihlathi kanye nemvelo, ukuze yesibili - ezithile kanye nemvelo.
La maqembu amabili okuxoxwe ihlathi ngemvelo: owokuqala - umthelela yizici zemvelo ukuphila yehlathi; yesibili - ukubaluleka imvelo kanye nomthelela kwamahlathi ku nokuthi injani indawo ezungeze ke. Esimeni sesibili elikushoyo umthelela isikhala ihlathi ukudlula lokho, okuyinto elalihlala amahlathi. It kulandela ehlathini ngemvelo izifundo indima imvelo ebukhoneni ehlathini njengoba ubunye bemvelo, ingxenye yalo ngale ndlela kuyinto. Zonke ezahlukahlukene kwemvelo ukuthi ukunquma lesoproizrastaniya izimo zokuphila nokuthuthukiswa kwamahlathi, sehliselwe kutholakala amaqembu ambalwa: okokuqala, isimo sezulu izici, kuhlanganise ngemisebe, amanzi imibuso, ukunyakaza kanye yokwakheka emoyeni , nokunye.
Okwesibili, edaphic futhi izici orographic. Bahlanganisa umhlabathi, inhlabathi, nesimo sendawo, njengoba ashone emaweni futhi Spotlight.
Iqembu lesithathu, izici biotic. Leli qembu kuhlanganisa izitshalo, izilwane, nezinto ezincane eziphilayo.
Eyesine iqembu - izici yabantu.
Okwesihlanu, izici zomlando.
Emvelweni, kukhona nethonya eziyinkimbinkimbi yizici zemvelo, okuyinto avele inhlanganisela ezahlukene. Uma ushintsha okungasisiza senze ngokuqinisekile kushintsha nezinye. Ngokwesibonelo: uma uguqula engamamitha edingekayo ukushintsha kanye sezulu, inhlabathi kanye nezinye izinto.
Ngakho, ngaphansi kwethonya ahlukahlukene yizici zemvelo kuyinto ehlathini. Kuthinta imvelo, futhi liba nomthelela ekuphileni kwabantu zonke lezi zici, udala eyinqaba nje kuye endaweni ekhethekile. Kubalulekile kumuntu in umongo hhayi kuphela zendawo, futhi emhlabeni jikelele.
Uma sihlola imisebenzi kwemvelo yehlathi ungabahlukanisa ezimbili izinhlobo nemiphumela imvelo: mechanical biogeochemical. Umsebenzi mechanical Kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa wezinto zokubasa. Eziphilayo njengoba lilonke noma izakhi ngabanye, okuyinto equkethwe isimo semvelo unit endaweni. imisebenzi kwamakhemikhali - imisebenzi bokuphila njenge-photosynthesis, usawoti, nokunye okunjalo.
Labelwe abanye imisebenzi ihlathi: ukukhiqiza, carbon sici emoyeni yokuhlanza, isimo sezulu, isimo sezulu kanye nokuvikelwa amanzi.
Ikhono kwamahlathi ukususa carbon esusela emoyeni kanye izinto angaphandle. Kusukela bahlanza izinto ezingcolisa umoya ngenxa ukumuncwa nangokomzimba umusi sebethule.
Ihlathi zokutshala is kakhulu ukunciphisa umphumela we umsindo, ukuvikela endleleni ukungafani likhithika iqhwa.
Amahlathi kuthinte imihlola emkhathini. Lokhu kudala microclimate ayo, esetshenziselwa ukuvikelwa kwezitshalo, inhlabathi kanye nokunye okufana nalokho. Kahle kuthinte umthamo wemvula ihlathi komhlaba, ngoba iningi labazalwane kwamanzi ezihambayo ngomshoshaphansi. Amanzi asemhlabathini bondliwa emifuleni futhi ngaleyo ndlela ukuqinisekisa izinga okusezingeni eliphezulu lamanzi, kokubili ebusika futhi ehlobo. Ihlathi emasimini zidlala indima ebalulekile.