Ifolishi Silage: kwabekwa nesisekelo esingokwesayensi kanye nezinzuzo

Silage ubuchwepheshe inikeza eziningi izilwane izinzuzo ipulazi. Indlela ivumela ukunikeza okunomsoco base imfuyo feed ngasiphi isikhathi sonyaka. Uma hay bendabuko sihlinzekela nokugcinwa 70% izakhi yezimbiwa, silage kwandisa lesi sibalo ngama-20%. Ngezindlela eziningi lokhu ibangelwa nokugcina isimo evimbela izinqubo omubi zokuwohloka izakhi, phakathi lapho amaprotheni. Okubaluleke kakhulu, silage zingahlelwa ngisho izimo lamapulazi amancane. Yiqiniso, sikhuluma amavolumu amancane nge okungenani izindlela lobuchwepheshe ekubulungeni inhlangano, kodwa ukuze umhlaba wangasese ejwayelekile kungaba indlela ephumelelayo.

izisekelo Jikelele yesayensi silage

Inqubo yokuthola ukudla kuhlose ukubhekelela esiphezulu target wemboni izakhi ezibalulekile. Ngakho-ke, ngokusekelwe ensiling ifolishi amanga ukusabela eziyinkimbinkimbi kwamakhemikhali lapho kuqhathaniswa alondolozwe fresh, kodwa aminyene futhi ephephile isitshalo mass. Bocwepheshe ngakususi emoyeni yokwemukela okuphakelayo esizayo phakathi ukulondolozwa, okuholela ekuqongeleleni acid organic. Ikakhulukazi, uveza acidosis acid, okuyinto edingekayo futhi kusho yokuqinisekisa ukugcinwa umphumela. Futhi kwakheka kwi izigaba yokuqala medium isitoreji kuvimbela isisindo kwamakhemikhali spoilage kanye noqhekeko.

Kungase kube umbuzo ukuphi ngakho kunesidingo ukuze kulondolozwe lwezimiso evumayo. Kunephuzu omunye izinzuzo main lobu buchwepheshe. Iqiniso ukuthi silage cishe ethula modifiers akhethekile ejenti. Zonke izinqubo ezenzeka ngokuhamba ukulondolozwa, zemvelo kanye esekelwe umsebenzi isitshalo enzyme zendawo nezilwanyana ezincane ezuzisayo ukuthi bangene ukudla nge utshani obuluhlaza basha baqothuka.

Yikuphi kuthinta iqophelo silage?

izici qualitative uyaca silage ancike izici ezimbili - fineness yayo kanye nomswakama. Kahle acidosis ukuphendula inqubo kunqunywa lokuhlushwa olinganiselayo ushukela kanye nezinye izingxenye ijusi utshani. Lapho umswakama high kwandisa ingozi diluting base ushukela, okuyinto ezingasehlela akuyona indlela engcono kuthinta izakhiwo okuphakelayo esiphelele. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukoma ngokweqile, njengoba umthetho, engena mass umoya kakhulu, lokho kunciphisa ukusebenza ukulondolozwa uqobo. Kwemisebenzi yoMnyango isilinganiso kwezitshalo umswakama impahla okuqukethwe imayelana 70%. Ngokuphathelene ukugaya, lokhu isici ahlobene kulowo eyedlule. Uma ensiling ifolishi ekhiqizwa endaweni nomswakama ka 60%, ukuzilimaza wenziwa ziyakhula 2-3 cm. Ngaleso 70% indentation phakathi tincetu kufanele kube 4-5 cm. Uma inkomba umswakama linyuke laba ngu-80%, ukugaya inikeza izikhala 9 -10 cm. ngalesi utshani melkotravyanistuyu zingagcinwa in ifomu yayo yasekuqaleni ngaphandle izitshalo trudnouplotnyaemyh futhi qakala.

Ukulawula izinqubo microbiological

Sesiphawulile ukuthi nenqwaba silage ngokuya nezivimbelakuvunda kuyinto oludonsa. Kodwa lokhu kungafezwa kuphela uma ukulawulwa ngendlela efanele izinqubo kwamakhemikhali ezothuthukiswa isici asebenzayo main - acidosis acid. Insimbi main ukulawula isizukulwane yayo kungenziwa ngokuthi ukuvinjelwa ukufinyelela-mpilo. Ngokugcwele uphawu isikhala ibhukumaka ukuhlinzeka eliphezulu silage. Isikhunta ukuza ezimeni ukwephulwa lokhu kubusa, futhi zibulale izici mass. Ikakhulukazi, isikhunta aerobic imikhaya Mucor futhi Aspergillus ibonakala emoyeni futhi ishabalale hhayi kuphela acid acidosis kodwa futhi izingxenye amaprotheni ne carbohydrate. Uma kukhona ukungabi nethemba ukuthembeka izakhiwo kusukela iphuzu Ngenxa kubekwa uphawu, kungenzeka njengenhlangano uyakulondoloza eyengeziwe ukuze usebenzise okuphakelayo Izithako ngesimo Molasses Molasses uhlobo, formic acid, noma yemvelo nhlama ebilisiwe amasiko aqukethe acidosis acid amagciwane.

silage mass Bookmark

Inqubo laying kufanele kwenziwe ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka, ngoba mass sibekwa isakhiwo heats nokuxhumana oxygen etholakalayo kuholele ekulahlekelweni amaprotheni, futhi amaprotheni iba indigestible. Ngokuvamile, lapho bekhonza ezinkulu multi-ton inqubo isitoreji kuthatha izinsuku 5-7. umsebenzi ocishe ufane emapulazini amancane kufanele waphothulwa ngezinsuku 2-3 ngemva kwalesi senzakalo. Njengoba masinyane wabeka ungqimba wokuqala impahla nangokuvikela, okuyothi okuphakelayo silage uyakulondoloza ngenkuthalo kukhiqizwa futhi walondoloza esikhathini eside. Ngenxa yalokho lingasetshenziswa material ifilimu, kodwa kuphela namantombazane yokugcizelela ukuze stiffen.

Facilities for ukulondolozwa

Manje-ke kubalulekile ukucabangela okwengeziwe ngqo ukwakhiwa, lapho ukufakwa engenziwa. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ezahlukeneyo lenhlangano yenqubo ensiling - evundla mpo. Inketho kuqala kuhilela ukusetshenziswa emiseleni ayecashe kuyo futhi imigodi, aqukethe mass isitshalo. izindlela ezinjalo ukuseviswa ezinhle futhi engabizi. Kodwa ngokuya esetshenziswa emakhaya, ngoba angazamukela lemiqulu emikhulu billet. izindlela Kuqondile silage okuphakelayo ukuphakamisa ukubandakanywa ekwakheni izakhiwo bunjwa cylindrical. Zibizwa ngokuthi nangokuthi silo, futhi, kuye ngokuthi nokusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe ingaqukatha kusuka eziningana ukuze amathani 500 zezitshalo ndaba.

Seal silage mass

Tamping ubuye kudingekile inqubo izinyathelo ekulungiseleleni mass isitshalo ukuze silage. Umsebenzi eyenziwa ezahlukene izindlela lobuchwepheshe kuze izinto kwezomnotho ngokurhaba. Overdoing uphawu akukwazi - ayanda ukuminyana, ngcono, njengoba umoya kancane siyohlala izingqimba embondelene. Uma silage ekhaya ngaphandle umshini amathuluzi, ukunakekelwa okukhethekile kufanele zikhokhelwe emakhoneni nezindawo ezindongeni ohlangothini. Kulezi zindawo avame ke uya emoyeni ukuthi esehlela izingqimba engezansi.

Izinzuzo silage

Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo zezithelo ifolishi, le ndlela ikuvumela ukuba thola it iwumkhiqizo wemvelo aphansi ukuze kuqaliswe uhlelo izigaba zobuchwepheshe. Ngisho imfuyo amapulazi amakhulu, okuyinto ukutshala izimali ezinkulu inqubo kanye USilo izindawo ezikhethekile, okuphakelayo ukulungiselela kuyazuzisa. Izinzuzo indlela okuhlobana ngayo inhlangano nekufinyelela yonke le nqubo yokubethelwa. Ngisho endaweni yasendlini, ungakwazi ukugcina ubuchwepheshe. Ngakho, izinto eziyisisekelo silage okuphakelayo njengoba izimo eziyinhloko zezitshalo ndaba okuqukethwe isimangalo ukuqinisekisa yobunzima. Kungenzeka ukwenza usebenzisa we emseleni ukujula kanye onezitezi ambalwa ifilimu impahla.

isiphetho

Noma kunjalo, ukulungiswa silage kwakungelona ngokuphelele ongakhetha khulula ukuthola ukudla okunomsoco. Labo abafisa zama le ndlela ngokuya umnotho walo ekuqaleni kubiza ukuze kunqunywe ukuthi yiziphi amakhambi ziyatholakala lo msebenzi. Ngokwesibonelo, kutuswa ukusebenzisa imidumba nokusanhlamvu. Futhi silage, kuncike esikalini zokukhiqiza kudinga ukuqapha njalo ngosizo kumadivayisi ekhethekile. Ngakho, silos zanamuhla anemisila yokulinganisa amadivayisi ukucacisa umswakama lokushisa izimo. Kodwa noma kunjalo, ngisho utshalomali olwengeziwe walungisiswa yokuthi izinkomo uthola ukudla okunomsoco ngempela futhi imvelo, angasetshenziswa ngisho ebusika, ukulondolozwa ezifanele.