Ibhethri ukushaja wesifunda futhi umsebenzi

is Indlela ibhethri ukushaja isimo? Icebo kule divayisi nzima noma cha, ukuze senze idivayisi ngezandla zakho? Ingabe isimiso Ishaja ye imoto ibhethri kusuka ukuthi wasebenzisa omakhalekhukhwini? Zonke imibuzo uma silinga ukuphendula kamuva kulesi sihloko.

Uhlolojikelele

Ibhethri ifeza indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekusebenzeni amadivayisi imihlangano izindlela, okuyiwona ugesi kunesidingo. Ngokwesibonelo, e izimoto kuyasiza ukuqala injini umshini. A umakhalekhukhwini amabhethri asivumela ukushaya izingcingo.

Ukushaja ibhethri, wesifunda kanye nezimiso zokusebenza zedivayisi ezibhekwa, ngisho e-physics esikoleni Yiqiniso. Kodwa-ke ngeshwa, enginakho ukukhulula eziningi zalezi amakhono isikhathi ukukhohlwa. Ngakho-ke khawuleza wakhumbula ukuthi ukuphila kwebhetri esekelwe isimiso okuvela voltage (engaba) umehluko phakathi amapuleti amabili, okuyinto ikakhulukazi egxilile ikhambi electrolyte.

Ibhethri lokuqala kwakuyithusi-zinc. Kodwa ngcono kakhulu kanye olwesimanje kusukela ngaleso sikhathi.

Kanjani ibhethri

Okuwukuphela isici ebonakalayo kunoma iyiphi idivayisi - izindlu. Linikeza commonality nobuqotho kwesakhiwo. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi igama "ibhethri" kungenziwa ngokugcwele isetshenziswa cell eyodwa kuphela ibhethri (bebizwa amabhange), futhi okufanayo yemoto ibhethri 12 isamba eziyisithupha.

Buyela emuva emzimbeni. Ukuze-ke wabeka phambili izidingo esiqinile. Ngakho, kufanele kube:

• amelana nolaka chemical ejenti;
• uyakwazi ngokudlulisela eside lokushisa ukuhlukahluka;
• ine enhle ukusebenza vibration ukumelana.

Zonke lezi zidingo zifeziwe ngumuntu impahla yesimanje zokwenziwa - polypropylene. Okuningi umehluko enemininingwane kufanele zabelwe kuphela lapho esebenza izibonelo ezishaya emhloleni zendlela azisebenzisa.

Umgomo we operation

Njengoba isibonelo, sicabanga nomthofu-acid amabhethri.

Lapho kukhona umthwalo phezu esibulalayo, iqala ukusabela ikhemikhali kuhambisana kukhululwa ugesi. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ibattery angakhishwa. Futhi ayabuya? Ingabe ikhona wesifunda elula?

Ukushaja ibhethri akuyona into nzima. Kuyadingeka ukuba sifeze inqubo reverse - ugesi ihlinzekwa ukuba terminals, ukushintsha kwamakhemikhali kuhlanganise olungasayikuphinde lube khona (abuyiselwe phambili okumsulwa), okuyinto esikhathini esizayo kuzovumela ukusebenzisa ibhethri.

Futhi ukwandisa kwenzeka ngesikhathi ukushaja kwabantu electrolyte. Ngakho, ibhethri uyalulama izakhiwo yayo sokuqala. Zazizinhle kunalezi ubuchwepheshe kanye izimpahla ezisetshenziselwa izimboni, amapulazi akhiqiza kakhulu icala / osenyameni imijikelezo ibhethri zingamelana.

Yini ukushaja kagesi izikimu khona

Idivayisi zakudala eyenziwe a rectifier futhi a transformer. Uma siyibheka njengelungile yonke okufanayo imoto ibhethri ne voltage 12 V ke ukushaja ngabo abe wamanje njalo mayelana 14 V

Kungani becabanga kanjalo? Lokhu voltage kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi wamanje ungase zidlule liphele imoto ibhethri. Uma kuyinto 12, idivayisi kuyinto amandla afanayo ukumsiza akakwazi, Ngakho-ke, ingabe kufanele ngithathe eliphakeme. Kodwa kukho konke odinga ukukwazi uma ukuyeka uma kakhulu kufuthwe voltage, kuzoba nomthelela ongemuhle empilweni zedivayisi.

Ngakho uma ufuna ukwenza idivayisi ngezandla zakho, kubalulekile ukuze imishini ukucinga izikimu efanelekayo ukushaja imoto amabhethri. Lokhu kusebenza futhi neminye imishini. Uma udinga wesifunda ukushaja ibhethri Li-ion, ke kufanele kube idivaysi 4 noma ngaphezulu.

inqubo yokutakula

Ake sithi une wesifunda ibhethri ukushaja generator, okwakubekelwa eqoqwe yidivayisi. Ibhethri ixhunyiwe futhi ngokushesha qala inqubo yokutakula. Njengoba flow yayo kuzokhulisa ukumelana sangaphakathi kudivayisi. Kanye kuye uzokuwa wamanje ukushaja.

Lapho voltage osondela esiphezulu ukubaluleka kungenzeka, le nqubo iye cishe ingekho. Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi idivayisi kuyinto ngempumelelo ukushaja futhi kungacinywa.

iseluleko zobuchwepheshe

Qinisekisa ukuthi zamanje ibhethri% 10 kuphela umthamo wayo. Futhi akukho Kunconywa noma yeqe lesi sibalo, futhi kuncishiswe it. Ngakho, uma uya endleleni yokuqala, uzoqala shabalala le electrolyte, ezithinta kakhulu esiphezulu storage umthamo kanye ukuphila kwebhetri. Ngendlela izinqubo ezidingekayo yesibili ngeke kwenzeke in ukushuba oyifunayo, yingakho izinqubo negative ukuqhubeka, kodwa ngezinga elincane.

ukushaja

Uchaza kudivayisi ungathenga noma ukwakha yezandla zabo. Ukuze ukhetho okwesibili, kudingeka sazi kagesi ukushaja isikimu. Kukhethwa ubuchwepheshe, lapho-ke kuzokwenziwa, kumele kwenzeke kungakhathaliseki ukuthi hlobo luni amabhethri bayizisulu. Sidinga lezi zingxenye:

1. limiter yamanje (esakhiwe phezu capacitors isikebhe sizinze futhi transformer). Isibalo emikhulu bazokwazi ukufeza, siyoba sikhulu ukubaluleka wamanje. Ngokuvamile, i-lo myalo kufanele kube ngokwanele. Kodwa nansi ukuthembeka kudivayisi sincane kakhulu. Ngakho, uma ungumeqi oxhumana noma okuthile uhlanganise ke transformer futhi capacitors izohluleka.
2. Ukuvikela uxhumo endabeni 'hhayi kulabo "pole. Ukuze wenze lokhu, singakwazi ukwakha edluliselwe. Ngakho, isibopho okunemibandela esekelwe diode. Uma uhlanganise i-plus futhi minus, ngeke baphathe lamanje. Futhi ngoba uboshelwe edluliselwe, kuyothiwa uyeke nginomdlandla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, leli qhinga ingasetshenziswa ngedivayisi, okusekelwe futhi thyristors, futhi transistors. Kuyadingeka ukuxhuma izintambo ukuze aphule, ngawo ngokwawo ixhunywe ishaja nebhethri.
3. Automation, okumele icala ibhethri. Isikimu kulokhu ukuqinisekisa ukuthi idivaysi yakho ngeke isebenze kuphela uma lokhu ngempela isidingo. Ukuze wenze lokhu nge resistors kuyahlukahluka ukulawula embundwini diode. Kukholakala ukuthi amabhethri 12 basesimweni ngokugcwele lapho ukungezwani kwabo ngaphakathi 12.8 V Ngakho-ke, lesi sibalo othandeakayo kwalesi sikhwama.

isiphetho

Ngakho sabuka lokho ibhethri ishaja. Isifunda zale divayisi kungenzeka kwakhiwa ebhodini efanayo, kodwa ke, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi kunzima ngempela. Ngakho-ke, zenziwa izingqimba.

Njengengxenye esihlokweni ukunakwa kwakho banikezwe imiqondo ehlukahlukene ukuthi ikwenza kucace ukuthi, eqinisweni, kukhona ukushaja ibhethri. Kodwa kumelwe uqonde ukuthi lokhu kuphela wesithombe sisonke, futhi ezinemininingwane eminingi, kanye izinkomba zamakhemikhali, kukhona esikhethekile uhlobo ibhethri ngamunye.