Nezinselo ezivulekile, esigqoke esincelisayo amaphiva (Igama Lesi'Latin Alces alces) singesikhulu kunazo zonke zinhlobo Oleneva umndeni. Elk ukukhula isilinganiso ifinyelela amamitha amabili nesigamu, futhi isisindo - amakhilogremu ayisikhombisa-nanhlanu. Ngezinye izikhathi abesilisa sithole bangaphezu kuka-650 kg. Lesi silwane has a sub-zinhlobo: Canadian, European, Asian. ukungaboni ngaso linye kwabo abangelutho, ngaphandle ukuthi Far Eastern amaphiva eziningana ezincane kuno nozakwabo. Mhlawumbe, abaningi abathanda izilwane zasendle kwakuphathelene mbuzo: "sizodlani Moose? Ikakhulukazi ebusika ehlathini? "Phela, ezinzima ebusika laseSiberia kunzima ukuthola amadlelo. Ake sizame ukuba siphendule lo mbuzo.
Le ndawo yokusabalalisa
ERussia, i-moose ebhekana zitholakala ezindaweni engokwemvelo emathafeni, ehlathini, okuxubile namahlathi lezihlahla. Abakwazi kuyabonakala ngisho ehlane futhi ephuma kabili desert, kodwa endaweni amaphiva, yebo, hamba nje isikhashana ukubalekela kusuka Ubusika ikakhulukazi nokhahlo. Ama-moose avame ukuba bathanda amaxhaphozi amahlathi, emfuleni izigodi, imihosha aluhlaza kanye nemihosha. Kusukela sezwe kanye olwenzeka endaweni kuncike kulokho akudlayo amaphiva. Ngokwesibonelo, kuleli hlathi, lezi zilwane agcinwa amandla ngamanzi osebeni lwemifula, lapho udle legatsha willow, kodwa musa bangafuni, nohlaza yasemanzini. Emathafeni ase-ukudla kwabo babe moss nge ulele, amakhambi kanye amakhowe. Ngo emaqeleni ukudla kwabo siqukethe utshani. Iningi like Prongs coniferous, lezihlahla kanye amahlathi okuxubile. Kukhona nama-moose ukuthola ukudla kwezinga elingcono kakhulu ngesimo amahlumela amasha kanye namahlamvu. Ngu ixhomeke Ukudla nenhlalakahle abasha. Uma inkonyane wazalwa ehlobo futhi wachitha izinyanga zokuqala zokuphila kwakhe ehlathini, bese ngaphambi ebusika wayebophela ikhula ngesisindo ezingaphezu kweyodwa Quintal.
Yini udla amaphiva ehlathini?
Uma kuziwa ehlathini, amaphiva basesimweni yokuphila twilight ehlobo. Iqiniso lokuthi lezi zilwane omkhulu bayesaba ukufa izinambuzane ezincane - esithwalwa. Kusukela bloodsuckers kugcinwa emaxhaphozini noma amachibi: ngosuku zisesikhathini izintamo zabo odakeni noma amanzi, emachibini nasemifuleni, futhi kuphela baphume ebusuku ziyoklaba. Ukuze uzifihla esithwalwa kushaywa izilwane ngifuna evulekile enhle, nokugibela amahlumela amasha sonwele noma esinindolweni obukhulu. Ukuze babalekele esithwalwa, amaphiva ehlathini aphume sehlozi ngezinyawo amakhilomitha amaningi. Moose bhukuda omkhulu - izithathe ukuze ixazulule leyo amanzi isithiyo-ikhilomitha ezimbili ngabo akuyona inkinga. Uma eduze komfula noma echibini, amaphiva ukuchitha khona amahora hot, pinching izitshalo ezisogwini. Amandla amaphiva kuhlanganisa ulwelwe. Ngo lokhu amaphiva ungakwazi ukubamba umoya kwabo umzuzu owodwa noma emibili ukuze ukuthola okuphakelayo efanelekayo. By the way, ukudakwa, amaphiva kufanele uvuke ngamadolo akhe. Too eside imilenze front nentamo emfushane wamvimbela ukufinyelela emanzini.
Salt yokulamba
Mhlawumbe, amahlamvu, uphayini izinaliti, amagxolo Amahlumela musa ngokugcwele nezidingo zalezi izilwane ezinkulu eziyivulayo ayabulala ngezakhi. Njengoba iyisilwane sasendle, kumelwe ngokwayo ukufuna umthombo usawoti. Ngaphandle-ke, lesi silwane iyagula. Ehlobo, Moose aphume ehlathini bese ubheka usawoti ikhotha. Lapho, ukhotha phansi, yokumatisa umzimba nale amaminerali. Ebusika, ukufinyelela ukuya emgwaqweni omkhulu ngobukhulu beyofuna usawoti Prongs, ngokwazi ngokuhlangenwe nakho ukuthi isithombe kufanele lingaba yini ikhambi lale impilo phezu kwendawo egandaywe ngamatshe. Ukuvimbela zomgwaqo, Abanakekeli bamahlathi, wazi ukuthi yini okufanele badle amaphiva, zixutshwe zinhlayiya okuphakelayo noma washiya phakathi sehlozi onomfutho cubes.
mushroom ukudla
Ngaphandle usawoti, the cervids enkulu bantule amakhowe. Ngakho-ke, ngemuva kwemvula efudumele, noma lapho kuqala ekwindla amaphiva uhambe beyofuna mikhiqizo ihlathi. Ikakhulukazi like Prongs isipanji amakhowe - Mokhovikov, boletus, amhlophe. Abadala ukukhumbula indawo futhi wavakashela izigwili khona ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze isitshalo entsha. Akukholakali kodwa kuyiqiniso: i-moose yokudla amanita! Futhi lokujabulela akuyona kakhulu lelo qiniso, futhi iqiniso lokuthi ubuthi fungal hhayi isinyathelo lezi zilwane. A-moose ukudweba amavithamini kusuka izithelo. Zidla amagatsha cranberry, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ama-raspberry kanye amajikijolo. Eqaphela ukuthi isidingo Thenga ngamafutha ngaphambi ukuqala kubanda, amaphiva ukondla kakhulu ehlobo. Phakathi ukufudumala omdala umuntu odla amakhilogremu amathathu nanhlanu feed, kanti ebusika - 12-15 nje.
imikhiqizo kwesizini
Ihlobo Lawo ezidla uhlaza - kuyoba mnandi kakhulu. Ngisho emathafeni ase-ungathola ezihlukahlukene ulele futhi wona, amahlumela ezinwabuzelayo isitshalo (birch yemifino futhi willow). Esikhathini ukudla ehlathini nakakhulu. Ezivulekile nezindawo wokushiswa Prongs kalula thola Sorrel naseKhupro, utshani eliphezulu futhi amahlumela amasha, ama-raspberry kanye amajikijolo. Ngo progrevshihsya amadamu sikhule iminduze amanzi Potbelly, futhi amabhange - marigold, buka, horsetails. Kodwa kusukela ngo-September kwamahlamvu uqala phuzi futhi ewa. Ukushintsha ukudla futhi amaphiva. Prongs udlulele tintsi letingemasayizi nezitshalo ezokudabuka kwamanye amazwe, amahlamvu liwile, futhi Novemba bahlanganisa kumenyu yabo nebhalsamu namagxolo. Yini udla amaphiva ebusika? Kulesi sikhathi esinzima, okuphakelayo ezidla uhlaza ngokuyinhloko amagatsha nebhalsamu namagxolo. Lapha, ukukhuphuka okukhulu moose iba ngensindiso yakhe. Isilwane ngifinyelele amagatsha, lapho abakwazi ukufinyelela inyamazane. Kodwa amaphiva akabashiyi amathemba ngivuke emadlelweni.
Lokho amaphiva ukudla ebusika?
Impendulo yalo mbuzo incike Indawo izilwane. Lapho ikhava iqhwa liphansi (nakuba kungaze kube yinxenye) kanye esimweni njalo ebusika thaws, amaphiva ukuphila umzimba. Umoya abandayo, bafuna indawo yokukhosela obukhulu amahlathi coniferous. Phela, akukho kuphela ngiphephile kodwa futhi imali eyanele yokudla. Izintandokazi amaphiva ebusika ukudla ehlathini Asia uphayini sonwele futhi e-Canada futhi Alaska - fir. Engxenyeni European yeRussia, eScandinavia, kanye Belarus, Poland kanye Ukraine Polesie amaphiva, ngaphandle isidladla coniferous, ukudla tintsi letingemasayizi willow, mountain ash, e-aspen, birch. Kusukela sezihlahla bancamela raspberry amajikijolo kusukela ebusika ngaphansi ukuwa kweqhwa. Lapho uma kuncibilika iqhwa liqala, amaphiva badla amagxolo. Ngo abalambile ebusika amaphiva ngaphandle izakhiwo uvakashele emasimini kanye nursery oluhlaza.
Nomad ophoqelelwe
Kulezo zindawo lapho ukujula iqhwa ifinyelela abantu abangaphezu kwengxenye imitha, i-moose ebhekana ukuthi uthuthele nasezindaweni ezifudumele, ukuze uma glaciation amagatsha bakwazi ehlohla idlelo. izilwane Iyazulazula uqale eside ngaphambi ukuqala ebusika ngo-Okthoba. UHerd eyakhelwe ngokuqinile ngokuvumelana kwabantu. Phambili ukulandela labo abesifazane ukuthi babe abasha. Ngakho, intsha ebekelwa emadlelweni kodwa isetshenzwe. Dlala Indaba kwabesilisa insikazi engenasici amawundlu. Ngosuku umhlambi siphela amakhilomitha engaba yishumi. Spring perekochovki zenzeka ngesikhathi snowmelt kule oda reverse: ekuqaleni Amaduna amadala, lona wamuva - nabesifazane nge amathole. Ukudla ngalesi sikhathi - yilokho odla amaphiva emahlathini ngokuvamile. Prongs ukumba aphume iqhwa siluhlaza amahlumela ngesikele sokuthena of cranberry futhi aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, badla amagxolo noma udle imilenze pine.
Kuyini stoyby?
Fika endaweni-moose ubusika ukuqala ukuze wehlise umoya. Ngokungafani emadlelweni ihlobo amaphiva ebusika ngamahora asemini kuphela. Ukuze afinyelele amagatsha okusezingeni eliphezulu, futhi uvikelekile ukufinyelela odla amaphiva emahlathini umhlambi wonke wengulube ndawonye umtselela wesikhatsi eqhweni kusayithi ikusasa yokudla. Lezi emadlelweni ebusika Abanakekeli bamahlathi ukubiza "stoybami". Abakwazi ziklaba a izilwane ezimbalwa kweshumi ngesikhathi esisodwa. Kodwa ezindaweni lozhek (nobusuku obuthathu)-moose athambise iqhwa. Lapho izikhathi uthole frost kanzima, Prongs wangcwatshwa eqhweni, e ingubo Fluffy, okuthi kuzo aphume ashone kuphela uphondo buyabuna. UHerd ekhetha nobusuku obungamashumi Kunama nemithambeka, imihosha, gullies. Ukuze asekele amaphiva e nesikhathi esinzima, Abanakekeli bamahlathi ushiye ezijulile sehlozi emkhombeni notshani, exutshwe usawoti.
Spring kufuduka
Lapho imini kwandisa kakhulu, i-moose sebeqala ukubuyela namadlelo ayo ehlobo ziklabile. Njengoba siholwa abanolwazi umhlambi zesifazane yakhiwe singene oda entsha. Ngalesi sikhathi, umugqa wokuqala zabesilisa, sakhula abasha - ilandelwe. I-moose edla entwasahlobo? Labo izitshalo, okuyizinto oluhlaza kuqala. izinaliti Young - umthombo vitamin C odingekayo ngosuku Intandokazi entwasahlobo uswidi amaphiva kukhona catkins of birch kanye Alder, willow amahlumela. hambisa Moose kancane, elinde endleleni kulandela efihlekile yokuqhuma kanye dweba utshani. Lezi zilwane ahamba anenkani, kodwa akafani Sprint. Uma ehlaselwa, bamsola uncamela ukuvikela, noma uye kusukela ethengiswa kakhulu kunazo babaxoshayo liyaphambuka trot. Singasho ukuthi i-moose amelana xaxa abandayo kunokuba ukushisa. elingenamikhono abajonqile kabi kuqinisekisa thermoregulation zomzimba. May - isikhathi evundile kakhulu amaphiva. Khona-ke izimbali zawo ziwukudla willow-imbiza (Epilobium), amagatsha willow wathela ijusi ukukhiqiza amaqabunga amasha, kukhona Sorrel, futhi vitamin-ocebile leek. Elk uhlakulela uthando hhayi kuphela Amanita, kodwa futhi izitshalo ezinobuthi. He phanga nga buttercup, lily esigodini, celastraceae, amehlo igwababa kanye namagxolo wolfish. Ukuze impilo isilwane edingekayo tannins eziqukethwe cortex (Rowan ikakhulukazi, e-aspen futhi willow), kanye turpentine, okuyinto izilwane ususelwe izinaliti zokhuni and kaphayini.