"I Tale of uCaptain Kopeikin": isifinyezo. "I Tale of uCaptain Kopeikin" - isiqeshana senkondlo "Imiphefumulo Dead" Gogol sika

Ngenkathi besebenza ngenkondlo "Imiphefumulo Dead", Nikolai Gogol kuhlelwe ukukhombisa zonke izinhlangothi emnyama ukuphila emphakathini isiRashiya, kuhlanganise nangobudlova kanye ukunganakwa ephelele iziphathimandla isiphetho abantu abavamile. A indima ekhethekile udlalwa ukuqaliswa "The Tale of uCaptain Kopeikin" ngenhloso ngemibono lembhali.

Kulesinye sehluko isihloko kushiwo kuboniswe ngenhla? Asikwazi ukusho ngokuqiniseka ukuthi ogcwele yonke umqulu wokuqala. Ngaphambi amehlo abafundi kukhona yanjalo igalari kulendawo nezithombe ezinhle zezibusiso tiphatsimandla tetifundza, isondela ukufa kabuhlungu abalimi, wayesaphila futhi, okwase kukudala bafa. Futhi manje-ke akuyona imfihlo injongo ukuvakashela emzini N uMnu Chichikov, kodwa akucaci ukuthi ungubani ngempela nokuthi yini imiphefumulo efile. Kwakuphakathi nalesi sikhathi enkondlweni emakhasini avele indaba umhlanganyeli wangaphambili empini ne isiFulentshi, okusikhumbuza ngaphezulu lomzekeliso isigebengu angamaqhawe.

Umlando zekhanda

ukuphila Eliyinselele ezinsukwini zokudala lwalungamahora "The Tale of uCaptain Kopeikin". Esiqintini "Imiphefumulo Dead" okungukuthi, ngokuvumelana umbhali yena, lithathe indawo ebalulekile kakhulu, futhi ngenxa yalokho akunakwenzeka ukuthi ayifakiwe umkhiqizo. Khonamanjalo ukucwaninga ngesikhathi amaziyo kuqala nge umbhalo inkondlo kubhekwe ikhanda kushicilelwe ayivumelekile. Ngenxa yalokho, Gogol kwadingeka kabili ukulungisa okuqukethwe umlando induna, okuyinto kugcizelela ukubaluleka kwendaba okuqukethwe ngemibono nkondlo "Imiphefumulo Dead". Ngokusho imithombo documentary, umlobi wayezimisele ukuthambisa ithoni jikelele lelandzisako mayelana Kopeikin, kodwa ukuvimbela ukuba kususwe ku umkhiqizo.

Sinikeza indlela yesithathu ukuhlola izahluko evunyiwe sokuphrinta ukucwaninga - original, ngasendleleni, ezazitholakala ukuze umfundi kuphela ngemva 1917.

Indaba le nezahluko "Imiphefumulo Dead": isifinyezo

"I Tale of uCaptain Kopeikin" kuyinto indaba leposi, ezihlukahlukene ocebile amabinzana, imihlobiso, izifenqo, uphinda, ngezinye izikhathi ngisho ezibonakala engadingekile. Linikeza sengqondo womlandi ukuze yonke indaba: akulutho ezingaphezu kuka isenzakalo esijabulisayo ngoba kuye, okungase laba isisekelo segama indaba noma inoveli. Kungani leposi? Uma kuqhathaniswa namanye izikhulu zedolobha, ayevelele ngumuntu ukuqaphela okukhulu - Ngafunda okuningi - futhi ngoba wazama ukuvula iphazili main (ngubani lokhu Chichikov?) Into okuthile okujabulisayo. kungazelelwe Wanquma ukuthi umthengi imiphefumulo efile futhi umlingiswa oyinhloko webhayisikobho ekulandiseni kwakhe, umuntu okhubazekile ngaphandle izingalo nemilenze, kungase kube omunye futhi umuntu ofanayo. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi laliyini, indaba, umlandzi ukuba likwenza imicabango kwabaqondisi be emzini N Chichikov ubuntu, abe umsebenzi cishe ezizimele, okuyinto waphinda kugcizelela callousness zabo - induna ngakho besho akekho.

Ujwayele protagonist

Ngokusho leposi, kwenzeka ngokushesha ngemva kokuphela yasekhaya impi ngokumelene Napoleon. UCaptain Kopeikin ngedlule eziningi kule nkampani, futhi okubaluleke - walimala ngenxa okuyinto walahlekelwa umlenze kanye isandla sokudla. Njengoba kungekho izinyathelo labakhubazekile engakaze olwenziwa, leli sosha wangaphambili wasala ngaphandle bazitholele okokuziphilisa, futhi ngacabanga ukuthi sizokwenzenjani. Waqale waya kuyise, kodwa waphendula ngokuthi iningi uthole Friend, hhayi freeloaders. Kwakukhona elilodwa kuphela - eyozama inhlanhla ngesikhathi izikhulu Petersburg, cela impesheni esizifanele.

izwe ekhethekile

Uma he finyelela inhlokodolobha, kusho uCaptain Kopeikin lokuqala ehlaselwa ezozibonela ubuhle bayo. Kwakusengathi uneminye izithombe zamaqhawe Scheherazade phambi ke - ngakho-ke eyayingavamile futhi ecebile. Ngazama ukuqasha ifulethi, kodwa zibiza kakhulu ukuya. Kwadingeka ungenza ruble yokudlela lapho bakhonza isobho nge ucezu yenkomo.

Ngemva kobana azinze, ngaqala ukuqaphela ukuthi bayaphi. Wachaza ukuthi bonke abaphathi eFrance, ngakho-ke, kudingeka uye wamisa ikhomishane yesikhashana. Futhi bakhomba endlini, esisogwini chibi.

Lolu hambo lokuqala izikhulu: isifinyezo

"A Tale of uCaptain Kopeikin" kuhlanganisa incazelo "indlu Muzhichi" (definition leposi). ingilazi Huge nezibuko, zemabula lacquer nensimbi yomnyango glitters ukuze athathe uvalo. Uma kuphela lesi sithombe-ke yabangela ekumesabeni okulula umfakisicelo. Ukuxoxisana ngama-ukwesaba kanye mnyango Emphemeni: a cambric collar physiognomy futhi Bala ... Langena e induna eyamukelayo baqoqene ekhoneni, besaba engaqondile aphule ezinye vase. Kusukela olusemthethweni nje ngiphaphama, mina kufanele ulinde. Ngemva kwamahora amane ekugcineni libike ukuthi inhloko bayokhululwa namuhla. Abantu ngaleso sikhathi egumbini lokulinda baminyana eziningi. Isiphathiswa wahambahamba izivakashi futhi wayeka phambi Kopeikin. inkhulumomphendvulwano yabo yaba ngeyesikhashana. Inike isifinyezo.

"I Tale of uCaptain Kopeikin" - indaba Russian eyisosha wasemuva. Hero ngokushesha wathi ukuthi phakathi nempi waba ekhubazekile futhi ayikwazi ukusebenza manje, futhi ngenxa yalokho icela ngokwabo iyiphi boarding. Isikhulu akazange aqophisane bese ucela ukuza ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa.

umphefumulo idili

Ukusabela ngale ndlela ephefumulelwe induna, eqiniseka ukuthi icala lakhe ngakho wanquma. Happy, waya endaweni yokucima ukoma, lapho beyalwa ukuba alethe ingilazi vodka, inkukhu kanye ibhodlela lewayini. Khona-ke ngaya e-yaseshashalazini, futhi lapho esephindele yezihambi ngisho wazama hit eceleni komgwaqo labetibambile oyiNgisi, yebo umlenze bone wakhumbuza ukukhubazeka. Ngenxa yalokho, ngo-amahora ambalwa kwathiwa wachitha cishe kwesigamu semali kuyatholakala kusuka kuye. uqeda Ngakho incazelo usuku olujabulisayo ngokuba iqhawe Gogol.

"I Tale of uCaptain Kopeikin" uyaqhubeka indaba yesibili ukuvakashelwa olusemthethweni.

ukudumala

Ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbili noma ezintathu hero futhi waya endlini phezu kwaleli chibi. Wayeqiniseka ukuthi manje Uzonikezwa isizumbulu semali - impesheni ayizinkulungwane abanye. Ngakho-ke, ngaphinda Waqala ukulandisa igazi indlela heroically elachitheka futhi walimala. Kodwa impendulo olusemthethweni wawumfushane futhi categorical: Esimweni esinjalo zingaxazululwa kuphela nguNgqongqoshe, kodwa wakhe. Futhi waphana ngabanye imali ukuze bakwazi ukusinda ngaphambi kokuthatha izinyathelo. iqhawe Ukushabisa waya esitolo sakhe sokudla. Kubonakala sengathi kuleli futhi kufanele iqedwe indaba uCaptain Kopeikin.

umbhikisho

Nokho, induna wayevele ukunambitheka athokoza ukuphila enhloko-dolobha, ngakho umphumela onjalo icala lakhe wahlela. He is elibuhlungu emgwaqweni. Ngakolunye uhlangothi - salmon, inkukhu nge truffle, cherry arbuzische, futhi ngakolunye -. Lesithembiso "kusasa" Futhi unquma: kubalulekile ukuba phindela Commission futhi ukufuna kwakhe. Ngakho, "The Tale of uCaptain Kopeikin" uthola enye inkondlo elama.

Ngosuku olulandelayo, lo hero kwaba zonke phambi nduna, futhi wathi kwakudingeka, futhi udle ukudla okufanele, uphuze iwayini, kanye ukuvakashelwa yaseshashalazini. Waphendula wathi ukuthi imali yokuthenga ukudla phambi esiyisipesheli yanikwa, futhi uma efuna iyiphi frills, kubalulekile ukufuna izimali ngokwabo. Kodwa wacasula Kopeikin ithengiswe ngoba ukuthi uqalekisiwe wonke umuntu izikhulu Commission. Ukuze akhulule umsindo, kwakudingeka ukusebenzisa izinyathelo eziqinile: ukuya endaweni lapho uhlala khona. UCaptain wacabanga nje, 'Ngiyabonga kakade ngenxa yokuthi iningi run akudingeki akhokhe. " Waseqala ukukhuluma: "Njalo izindlela kufanele yena ukufuna ke, kahle, ngithola."

It iphela "The Tale of uCaptain Kopeikin" ukuthi baletha iqhawe endaweni yokuhlala, bese zonke amahemuhemu ngaye Ngishoné ishabalale. Ngemva kwezinyangana emahlathini ku Ryazanschine uvele isigebengu igenge, eholwa "akekho omunye okungukuthi ...". Kulendaba leposi aphazamisekile.

imininingwane yobuciko kuzo lapho elandisa

Ngo "The Tale of uCaptain Kopeikin" Nikolai Gogol masterfully isebenzisa izindlela yokukhuluma. Isibonelo, lukhulu isithombe Switzerland. It uqhathaniswa Generalissimo, kuyilapho bondlekile Pug. Umuntu onjalo soulless, bangibukela phansi abanye, futhi ngokuqinisekile ayizange kuze kube induna kanye nezinkinga ezifana.

Gogol likuchaza ngokuningiliziwe indlu phezu kwaleli chibi futhi lokumamukela ngokweqile, okuyokwenza izivakashi. Okwabangela inhlekelele nensimbi yomnyango. Kopeikin abambonayo beveza embonweni wokuthi kumelwe ihora lokuqala noma amabili ukukuthinta izandla ngensipho bese ukuthatha kuso. Futhi ukunethezeka Ukukhalipha exuded abandayo ukuze wonke umuntu kuba sobala ukuthi akukho ongakulindela usizo.

Libuye Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi olusemthethweni ongakakusho, futhi mayelana izikhundla kunzima ukwahlulela. Induna has kuphela izibongo. nje okungaqondile okunjalo kakhulu odlulela imingcele netindzaba leticocwako, okwenza icala ekhethekile ejwayelekile.

Izici ze-version lokuqala "sikaKhisimusi ..."

Njengoba sekuphawuliwe kakade, censors avunyelwe ukuba kusakazwe le edition wesithathu ikhanda. Umehluko ebalulekile phakathi izinguqulo ezahlukahlukene Indaba kowamanqamu. Ku-samuntu sokuqala, ukugcizelela Gogol okwenzakala ku hero ngemva kokubuya kwakhe Petersburg. Nasi isifinyezo yakhe.

"I Tale of uCaptain Kopeikin" wakhuluma ngendlela protagonist kwaba yokuziphindiselela. Waqoqa wonke neqembu lamasosha ase-abakhonondayo futhi wababeka ehlathini. Gang ukuchukuluza umuntu omsebenzi wakhe kwakuhlangene uMgcinimafa. Futhi ezovela emadolobhaneni, lapho wamiswa isikhathi nokukhokhwa izinkokhelo futhi bayalwa ukuba nginikeze zonke induna kudilizwe babhala irisidi ukuba abalimi ukuthi izintela bakhokha. Kucacile ukuthi inketho okunjalo ayikwazanga uhlele amandla zigcine "Indaba ..." sinye kuphela ukuphathwa phangi, owayehola kulolu "akekho omunye ...".

Yaphela indaba uCaptain izindaba ezingalindelekile. Kopeikin ngaya e-Amerikha, lapho umbusi ayethumele incwadi umcele ukuba angamthinti ke abathintekayo lezigebengu abantu. Waqamba zonke yokubonisa isihe kubantu bonke abaye balimala empini. Inkosi ayazanga ukuthatha isinqumo sokushushisa.

Umehluko phakathi izinguqulo ezahlukahlukene "Tales ..." futhi kusebenza nokubekwa abadlali nemishwana yabo ezikhulunywayo. Kodwa lapha izinguquko ezinkulu ziye zenzeka. Ngo ephetha izikhulu inkulumo abangu transposed amazwi, ukuthi ngokuvamile amagugu ngemibono azishintshiwe. Okubaluleke nakakhulu kwaba iqiniso lokuthi umlobi kancane ushintshe isithombe uCaptain Kopeikin. Echaza iqhawe indoda ababefisa ukujoyina ukuphila enhle enhloko-dolobha, ngokwengxenye, kwakungenxa izinkinga zakhe (ebhekisela imfuneko lemali iwayini, ukudla okuhle, yaseshashalazini).

Okuqukethwe ngemibono izahluko

Okwakushiwo "The Tale of uCaptain Kopeikin" itholakala lokuthi ukuthi Nikolai Gogol idonsela ukunakekela komfundi ukuba ubudlelwane phakathi kukahulumeni kanye kuncike intando abantu walo. I protagonist engakutholi usizo enhloko-dolobha, futhi baphoqwa yena ukuba ufune izindlela zokuziphindiselela ukusinda, ahlubuke ukucindezelwa, unya nokungabi nabulungisa linqoba eRussia amakhosi asendulo. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi abaphangi baphanga labo zazihlobene yengcebo kuphela, futhi abazange uthinte abantu badlulisela isidingo sabo. Ngale ndlela, base bezama ukuthola ukuthi bekumele kube ngumthetho njengoba abavikeli we lawobaba. Isimo ngenhla kuholela umqondo wokuthi ezigqugquzela yezwe, nakuba namanje angesabi, kodwa ilungele bacabangisise ne nangobudlova ekhona. Okusikhumbuza lokhu kubhikisha ethandwa eholwa UStepan Razin futhi Pugachev, okubonisa amandla abantu.

Kuyini "The Tale of uCaptain Kopeikin"? Uma sicabanga ngalo mbuzo, kubalulekile ukuphawula ngalesi sikhathi esisodwa nje. Nikolai Gogol, ngekhono kuvezwa inoveli "Imiphefumulo Dead" edolobheni yesifundazwe nabakhileyo kuyo, kulesi sahluko kuletha isenzo enhlokodolobha futhi kwakha isithombe eziphikisa Petersburg, lapho izwe esihle ocebile, okusikhumbuza yezinganekwane odumile Scheherazade, kuqhathaniswa nezwe lika abacindezelwe nabampofu, ngokulambisa ukuze siziphilise. Lokhu kwenza ukuba umbhali ukukubona ngeso lengqondo konke ukuphila Russia e nokugcwala kwalo nokwehluka.