Igama nge-suffix "ik". Ukupela amagama ngama-suffix "ik"

Amagama anezixhumi -ek - / - ik- njalo ebangela imibuzo eminingi kubafundi besikole. Ngaphezu kwalokho, akuwona wonke umuntu omdala owaziyo ukuthi yikuphi okulotshiwe komunye umuntu noma omunye u-morpheme. Yingakho sanquma ukunikezela lesi sihloko kulesi sihloko.

Ulwazi jikelele

Igama lamagama amabili ene-suffix -ik-. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi akunzima ukwenza lokhu, kodwa kuphela uma wazi umthetho oyisisekelo wolimi lwesiRashiya, okuchaza isipelingi sezinhlamvu "futhi" no "e" kule morpheme. Phela, abanye abantu benza njalo amaphutha afanayo, futhi esikhundleni sokuthi "ukhiye" babhala "ukhiye", esikhundleni sokuthi "isihlahla" - "isihlahla", "ibhola" - "amabhola" njalonjalo. Yingakho esikoleni sokufunda lesi sihloko sinikwa ukunakwa okukhethekile.

Kufanele ngifake nini le ncwadi "futhi"?

Futhi yimaphi amazwi anezixhumi -ek - / - uma uwazi? Lezi zihlanganisa okulandelayo: i-sofa, umzukulu, indodana, isitini, i-peas, ummese, ipensela, insimbi, iqabunga, ibhola, isando, imbali, iqabunga, isihlahla, isiqhwa, umlingo, isiqu, isihluthulelo, umfana, impumu, ikhukhamba, isihlalo, umunwe , Isiqeshana, ubuso, isikhwama, ibhola, ihekhi, i-tart, ibhuloho, i-kalachik, indiza, isikhonkwane, umnsalo, imvula, i-nutlet, ingadi, inja, njll.

Njengoba ungabona, igama elilodwa elikhulunywe nge-suffix -ik- lidala ukungabaza okukhulu mayelana nesipelingi sayo esifanele. Phela, le morpheme isimweni esingagxilile, ngakho-ke akunakwenzeka ukucacisa ukuthi yisiphi isibonakaliso sokubeka ekupheleni - "futhi" noma "e" (futhi mhlawumbe "o"?). Yingakho sincoma ukuthi ufunde imithetho efanele yolimi lwesiRussia.

Isimiso esiyisisekelo

Igama nge-suffix -ik- kufanele libhalwe kuphela uma, ngaphansi kwe-declension yayo, isibonakaliso "futhi" sigcinwa. Ukuze kucaciswe, sinikeza izibonelo ezithile:

• Ipensela - ipensela;
• I-Sofa-sofa;
• Ikhukhamba - ikhukhamba;
• I-Kalachik - kalachika;
• Bush - isihlahla;
• Iphunga - ikhala;
• Isihlalo esiphezulu - esitokisini;
• Umunwe - umunwe;
• Ubuso obuncane;
• Umfana ungumfana;
• Ukhiye wokukhiya;
• Ibhola - ibhola;
• Indiza - indiza;
• Ishidi lokushicilela;
• Isikulufa - isikulufa;
• Bow - bow;
• Ibhuloho - ibhuloho;
• Isitini - isitini;
• Imvula - imvula;
• Garden - ingadi, njll.

Kufanele ngifake nini le "e" incwadi?

Mayelana nokuthi ungabheka kanjani izwi ngesisindo -ik-, sitshele kancane kancane. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ngolimi lwesiRussia, ngokuvamile kunezinyunithi ezinjalo ezinama-lexical ezinama-morpheme -ek-. Futhi ukuze uqiniseke ukuthi incwadi ethi "e" empeleni ibhalwa kula mazwi, nazo zinconywa ukuba zinciphise. Uma kuphunyuka (okungukuthi, kuphuma), khona-ke kufanele ubeke kuphela isixhumi -ec-.

Nazi ezinye izibonelo ezibonisa:

• I-Bell - ibell;
• Omkhulu - abazukulu;
• Umlilo - umlilo;
• I-peas - i-peas;
• Izitshani - imivimbo;
• Isiqongo - isisindo;
• Amacici - amakhosi;
• I-hammer - isando;
• Amahlamvu - amaqabunga e-ChKa;
• I-Nutlet - i-walnut;
• Indodana - indodana yeChick;
• Isiqu - isiqu;
• Ucezu luyingxenye yenkukhu;
• Isikhwama sikhwama;
• Flower - imbali;
• Isikhwama - I-Plateau;
• I-tart - ikhekhe;
• I-kitten - isisu kanye nabanye.

Njengoba ubona, kulula ukubona ukuthi yiliphi igama elibhalwa nge-suffix -ik-, futhi yikuphi-nge-suffix -ek-. Ngendlela, ama-morphemes anjalo ngesiRashiya abizwa ngokuthi ahlukile. Ngokungafani nokuguquguquka, isipelingi sabo sincike ezimweni ezithile (kulokhu, ekulondolozweni kwevolumu uma igama linqatshiwe).

Amagama anesisindo -ok-

Ngenhla sibheke amagama nge-suffix -ik-. -Ok- futhi i-morpheme yamabizo. Kodwa-ke, ngesikhathi isakhiwo segama lesi sivumelwano singavumeli ukungabaza. Iyini isizathu salokhu? Iqiniso liwukuthi i-morpheme emelelwe cishe ihlala ishaqeka. Ngenxa yalokho, incwadi "o" esivumelwaneni -oc- izwakala ngokucacile ngangokunokwenzeka. Ukuze kucaciswe, sinikeza izibonelo ezimbalwa:

• KulachOK;
• Wolf;
• I-SonOK;
• I-Hammer;
• Umcibisholo;
• I-Rooster;
• I-Fool;
• Birch;
• Melok;
• Ubungcweti;
• Iqhwa;
• Hook;
• TerEmOk nabanye.

Izinselele -ec- futhi -oc- emva kokuchofoza ama-consonants

Mayelana namaphi amagama ane-suffix -ik-, -ek- and -ok- ikhona, uyazi. Kodwa-ke, lapha kuphakama umbuzo omusha: "Ngamaphi amacala ema-morphemes amabili ngemuva kokuthola abakwa-sibilants, kufanele kubekwe" e "incwadi, futhi" o "?" Ngempela, kunzima ukubona ukuthi kuzoba kanjani okulungile: i-rooster noma i-cockerel. Iyini isizathu salokhu? Iphuzu liwukuthi ngesikhathi sokubiza izinyunithi ezinjalo ze-lexical kokubili incwadi ethi "e" kanye nencwadi "o" ngemuva kokuqhamuka kwalezi zinhlamvu ezizwakalayo zizwakala njenge [o].

Umthetho wokupela isipelomagama "e" no "o" emva kokubambisana

Uma isixhumi siwela ngemuva kokuqhaqhazela, isibindi siwela, khona-ke kufanele ubhale kuphela i-morpheme -oo-. Nasi isibonelo esihle:

• Birch;
• I-Rooster;
• KulachOK;
• Wolf;
• Muzhik;
• Wolf;
• Indoda endala;
• Worm;
• SapozhOk;
• I-Fool;
• Jump;
• KosyachOk;
• I-SonOK;
• Iqhwa;
• Hook nabanye.

Ngokuqondene ne-suffix -ec-, kufakwa kuphela ngamazwi lapho ukucindezeleka kungawi khona, futhi uma i-unit lexical enjalo ilahlekelwa isilawuli ngesikhathi se-declension.

Ukuze kucaciswe, sinikeza isibonelo:

• NOzhichek
• Oreshek
• VnUchek;
• I-Goroshok;
• Ukukhala;
• Komochki;
• Ama-Hammerheads;
• I-SheetPoint;
• Ogonechok;
• Amacici;
• SonOchek;
• I-ColorPoint;
• Isiqu;
• Kusochek;
• Meshes;
• Igrazhek;
• Amakhadi okukhokha;
• PirozhZochek;
• I-Kitten nabanye.

Izindlela zokwenza amagama ngesibambiso -ok-

Amazwi anjalo akhiwa kanjani? Amagama anesisindo -uk - / - ek- avela ngokufaka i-morpheme ngesisekelo segama. Ngenxa yalokho, sithola i-unit entsha ye-lexical, kodwa ngendlela enciphisa (isibonelo, i-sofa, ibhola, umzukulu, i-leaflet, isando, insimbi, njll). Ngokuqondene nesisindo -oc-, sinikeza incazelo ehlukile:

• Ukunciphisa, okuhambisana nokubonisa uthando (sizobe sibone isibonelo: inkukhu, umzalwane, isithombo, i-fungus, iqabunga, njll).
• Isenzo (nikeza isibonelo: i-yawn, i-throw, i-kick, i-sip, i-jerk, i-smear, i-jerk, i-jump, i-slap, i-jump, ngokuchofoza, ukotini, njll).
• Isihloko, noma kunalokho umphumela wesenzo (sizonikeza isibonelo: i-fragment, i-skein, isitshalo, umdwebo, ukukhishwa, umshicileli, ukugxila, ukuhlala, ukukhokhela, njll.).
• Into, noma kunalokho isenzo sesenzo (sizobe sibone isibonelo: ikhwelo, insimbi, ikhwelo, njll).
• Isihloko, noma kunalokho indaba yesenzo (isibonelo, ukuhamba, injini, i-germ, njll).
• Indawo yesenzo (i-skating rink).
• Ukunciphisa noma ukucindezela noma ukucindezela kuphela (isibonelo, Ninok, Vityok, Lidok, Igoryok, Sashok, njll).
• Umuntu okhiqiza isenzo (isibonelo, umgibeli, odlayo, umshayeli wokudlala, umdlali, uhambahamba, njll).
• Umuntu ovela ngenxa yesenzo (isibonelo, ingane engakafiki, i-geek, i-overgrowth, inzuzo ephansi, intsha, njll).
• Abantu abanombono, oqukethwe egameni elishukumisayo (isibonelo, ukhokho, inzalo, njll).
• Into ebonakala ngesici esibizwa ngokuthi isichazamazwi esishukumisayo (isibonelo, zasendle, esimhlophe, isikhupha, njll).
• Into ebizwa ngokuthi igama elishukumisayo (isibonelo, isikhokhi).
• Iyunithi ephumayo ngamagama amabizo futhi ichaza iqembu lezinto ezifanayo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kuningi kakhulu okuthiwa igama elishukumisayo lezinombolo (isibonelo, izithende, amashumi, njll).