I-pelagic enkulu ye-pelagic: isithombe, incazelo

I-Megachasma pelagios, i-bigmouth shark ye-pelagic, ingenye yezinhlobo ezintathu ezidliwa yi-plankton. Yatholwa kuqala ngo-1976. Lona kuphela uhlobo lwezilwane emndenini. Ushaka lubekwe phakathi kwezinhlanzi ze-rarest emhlabeni. Ososayensi bakwazi ukuphenya ingxenye yesithathu yezinto eziphilayo ezivela kubantu abangamashumi amane nesikhombisa abathola lezi zinhlobo. Kucatshangwa ukuthi azikho ezingaphezu kwezingu-100 zazo.

Izindabakwanekwanekwane

Ukwaziswa ukuthi oshaka abakhulu be-pelagic baziwa emakhulwini eminyaka adlule, cha. Omunye angacabanga nje ukuthi yibo bantu ababa yisisekelo sezinganekwane eziningi mayelana nezilo zasolwandle, okuyingxube yamagagasi nezinhlanzi.

Abantu abaningi basogwini banezindaba ezitshela ngomhlangano wabantu abanezilwandle ezinkulu zasolwandle. Esinye sezinganekwane sitshela ngomlomo omncane we-semi-arctic ngomlomo omkhulu.

Ukutholakala kwe-whaling ye-pelagic yeshaka

Ngokokuqala ngqa i-Megachasma pelagios, shark enkulu-khulu, yabanjwa eHawaii, eduze nesiqhingi sase-Oaxy. Lokhu kubhalwe phansi. Ushaka wesilisa watholakala ngo-1976, ngomhlaka-15 kaNovemba. Ubude bayo babuyizingamitha ezingu-4.46. Lesi sibonelo esingavamile sasike sabanjwa umkhumbi womkhumbi waseMelika odlula. Wazama ukuthatha ukulunywa kwezintambo ayezibophezele kuzo. I-"monster" ebanjwe njengesimo se-scarecrow ithunyelwe kumamyuziyamu e-Honolulu.

Igama lavelaphi

Egameni laleli shark igama elithi "big-mouthed". Ngaleli gama, abantu banikezela inhlanzi eyisimangaliso ngomhlathi omkhulu. "I-pelagic" yabizwa ngokuthi yindawo yokuhlala. Kucatshangwa ukuthi lezi zinhlobo zezosha zihlala endaweni ye-mesopilagic, ekujuleni kwamamitha angu-150 kuya ku-500. Kodwa njengoba ososayensi abaqiniseki. Kunombono wokuthi ungazama nokujula.

Indawo yokuHlala

I-pelagic bigmouth shark itholakala kuzo zonke izilwandle, ngaphandle kwe-Arctic. Ngaphezu kwakho konke, itholakala eNingizimu Yezwe Elisha. Ngokuvamile, i-Megachasma pelagios ingatholakala kunxweme laseCalifornia, eJapan naseTaiwan. Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi le nhlanzi eyingqayizivele isakazwa emhlabeni jikelele, kodwa isathanda ukuhlala ezindaweni ezifudumele. Lokhu kuqinisekiswa futhi ukuthi i-whale enkulu iboshelwe eduze neziQhingi zaseHawaiian, South Australia, i-Afrika neSouth America. Kuvame ukutholakala ogwini lwase-Ecuador.

Ngemuva kwezindaba nomuntu wokuqala, owesibili wabanjwa eminyakeni eyisishiyagalombili kamuva, eduze nesiqhingi saseSanta Catalina, ngo-1984. I-Scarecrow ithunyelwe eMoscow Museum. Emva kwalokho, izinhlanzi ezinkulu kakhulu zazibonakala kaningi. Kusuka ngo-1988-1990. Bahlangene ogwini lwaseWestern Australia, eJapane naseCalifornia. Ngo-1995 - ogwini lwaseSenegal naseBrazil.

Incazelo

Ushaka obunhloko omkhulu, isithombe saso kulesi sihloko, ubhekisela kubo, njengabo bonke abanye, ekilasini lesiguli. I-skeleton yi-cartilage esithambile. Izicubu zinamanzi amaningi. Ngakho-ke, shark enkulu-mouthed ithambe kakhulu (ijubane cishe ngamakhilomitha amabili ngehora). Awukwazi ukuthuthukisa ijubane elikhulu ngokomzimba. Isisindo salo sifinyelela kumathani angama-half, okwenza kube nzima futhi kuphuze.

Umzimba uhamba kahle futhi ulula, uphawu olwandle olujulile. Kodwa lesi sakhiwo asivumeli ukuba sishintshe. Amazinyo ahlelwe emigqeni engamashumi amabili nantathu. Kulowo nalowo kukhona izidakamizwa ezingaba ngu-300. Umlomo uzungezwe ama-photophores ezungeze umkhawulo, ukukhonza ukukhanda iplanki nezinhlanzi ezincane. Ngenxa yezindebe ze-phosphorescent, udoki olukhulu lubhekwa njengenhlanzi enkulu kakhulu.

Ukukhula kwalo kufinyelela kumitha ngobubanzi, futhi ubude be-trunk bungaphezu kwamahlanu. Le shark injenge-whale yokubulala. Ngakho ngezinye izikhathi kuphutha ngendwangu encane. Umzimba we-big-mouthed shark umnyama. Ngaphezulu - abamnyama nabomvu, nesisu - mhlophe. Ihluke kwezinye izinhlobo ngomhlathi omkhulu omnyama (noma obomvu). Ikhala lakhe liyiziwula. Le nhlanzi emangalisayo iyinhloko enkulu enhle futhi iphephile kubantu, nakuba ibonakala ibesabisa kakhulu futhi ingasabisa kalula umuntu ongazi.

Ukunikezwa kwamandla

Eminyakeni engamashumi amane edlule kwakutholakala izinhlobo ezintsha zezinhlanzi - Izikhwama zikhulu kakhulu. Yini le giant idla? Esikhathini esidlule, kwaziwa izinhlobo ezimbili kuphela zoshaka ezondla nge-plankton. Bolsherotaya waba ngowesithathu kulolu hlu. Ama-microorganisms amancane atholakala esiswini sabantu abafile.

Ukudla okuyinhloko kwe-shark enkulu-khulu kuyi-plankton, ehlanganisa i-jellyfish, i-crayfish, njll. Ngaphezu kwakho konke, le nhlanzi enkulu ithanda i-crayfish euphausiids ebomvu (ama-krill, noma amehlo amnyama). Bahlala ekujuleni okukhulu, ngakho-ke udoki uwela ngezikhathi ezithile emva kwamamitha angu-150.

Ushaka ofana nokudla kwe-whale, ngokusho komgomo ofanayo. Kuphela abadlula iplanta emlonyeni ngaphandle kokungena. I-shark enkulu-khulu ihlunga ngamanzi ngamanzi futhi iguqa yonke imizuzu emine.

Ukuqaphela umhlambi wabantu abathandekayo bama-crustaceans, uvula umlomo omkhulu futhi ufune amanzi kuwo, ucindezele ulimi ngokumelene nenhlanzi. Kuwo kukhona "izigameko", ngaphandle kwalokho - ukuphuma. Zivame ukutholakala, ubude - kuze kube ngu-centimeters ayishumi nanhlanu. Khona-ke udoki uphazamisa amanzi emuva emigodini yokuvala. I-krill encane ihlala emaphethelweni. Ama-crustaceans angaphuma. Uma unenhlanhla, kuphela ngamazinyo amancane amaningi e-shark amakhulu. Ngemuva kokuhlunga amanzi, uphonsa konke okusele emlonyeni wakhe.

Ukuziphatha

Ushaka obunamahlumela obukhulu obusuku obubusuku buchitha isikhathi esingaphezu kwamamitha angu-15. Futhi lolo suku luya phansi kakhulu - luze lufinyelele kumamitha angu-150. Ososayensi bakhombisa ukuthi ukunyakaza okunjalo okuphawulekayo kwenzeka ngenxa yokuzingela i-krill, okusho nokushintsha indawo ngokuya ngesikhathi sosuku.

Ukukhiqiza

Kukhona ulwazi oluncane kakhulu mayelana nokukhiqizwa kwezinhlanzi ezinkulu. Kukhona inkolelo yokuthi abashakazi abakhulu be-shark kuphela ekwindla. Ososayensi basikisela ukuthi lesi senzo senziwa ikakhulukazi emanzini afudumele eHawaii naseCalifornia, ngoba kukhona lapho iningi labesilisa abadala lihlangana kakhulu. Lezi zinhlobo ze-shark, njengabanye abaningi, zine-ovivorous. Ukukhulelwa, ukuvuthwa nokuqothula amaqanda kwenzeka esibelethweni sowesifazane.

Izitha ze-Shark Great

Ushaka onhloko omkhulu, isithombe sakhe singabonakala kulesi sihloko, sisolwandle ngenxa yokuphuza kwezitha. Okokuqala yi-perch yamatshe. Lezi zinhlanzi, besebenzisa ukuhamba kancane kwe-burrat, zithatha izingcezu zenyama emzimbeni ophansi. Ngokuvamile ukugwaza ngokusebenzisa izimbobo ze-shark. Isitha sesibili yi-sperm whale. Utshela u-shark omkhulu ngokukhulu ngomlomo wakhe omkhulu. Khona-ke ugayeka kalula esibelethweni sakhe esinyameni.

Amaqiniso anentshisekelo

Ososayensi banombono wokuthi esikhathini esidlule ama-largeescences ayengaphansi komhlaba, ngakho-ke ahlala engabonakali. Kodwa ngesizathu esithile lezi zinhlanzi zikhuphuke phakathi kwamanzi. Mhlawumbe isizathu sokushintsha kwesimo sezulu emhlabeni.

IsiKhwama Sezwe Sokuvikelwa Kwezilwane ZaseMarine saletha oshaka abakhulu kulolu hlu lwezilwane ezingavamile futhi babayisa ngaphansi kwesivikelo sabo. Kodwa-ke, kuyaziwa ukuthi u-shark oyedwa usanda kudliwa ngabadobi ePhilippines, futhi akukho mithetho yokuphatha eyathathwa kubo.