I-Odessa, uMsindisi wokuguqulwa kweKatolika: ikheli, incazelo

Amasonto ase-Odessa yizikhumbuzo zangempela zokwakha, eziningi zazo ziyizinto eziyinhloko ze-Ukraine. Ngokungafani neChristian Transfiguration, okubhekwa njengelinye lamasonto amakhulu kakhulu e-Orthodox ezweni. Ngenxa yezizathu zomlando, kwaphinde kwabhujiswa amaBolsheviks, njengezinye izakhiwo zenkolo, yavuselelwa eminyakeni eminingana edlule. Mayelana nalesi sikhungo sesonto sifunda amaqiniso amaningi athakazelisayo omlando avela kulesi sihloko.

Ukuzalwa kweCathhedral

Ngo-1794, zonke izakhiwo zokwakha zedolobhana ezazingekho ngalesosikhathi zazingcweliswa, kufaka phakathi lapho kwakhiwa khona isakhiwo sebandla likaNicholas the Wonderworker (Odessa). I-Transfiguration Cathedral yakhiwa ngonyaka ngemuva komcimbi, eduze kwesonto lesikhuni lesikhashana elimi lapho.

Ukwakhiwa kwalolu lwakhiwo lwamatshe kwakulindeleke ukuba luqedwe eminyakeni embalwa, kepha izinhlelo azizange zinikezwe, kanti ukwakhiwa kwaphuza iminyaka eminingi.

Izinyathelo zokwakha

Ukudalwa kwethempeli kwaxhaswa yi-Empress Catherine II, kodwa emva kokufa kwakhe, ukwakhiwa kwesonto kwayeka imiyalo kaPaul I. Eminyakeni eyisithupha emva kwalezi zenzakalo ebusweni bukaDuke de Richelieu wathola uMeya wakhe omusha, u-Odessa. I-Savior-Transfiguration Cathedral, ngenxa yemyalelo yakhe, yaqhubeka yokwakha.

Futhi, ekugcineni, ngo-1808 kwakhiwa isonto lamatshe, kodwa imisebenzi yokuqeda yayihamba kancane, njengoba kwakungenayo imali eyaneleyo yangaphakathi. Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa emva kokuqedwa komsebenzi wokwakha, isonto lalingcweliswa ngu-Archbishop Platon Lubarsky. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi ithempeli liye laphela ngokuthi i-Nikolaevsky. Ngaleso sikhathi kwakungenye yezinto ezikhangayo ezinkulu edolobheni lase-Odessa - I-Cathedral Yokuguqulwa Kwamsindisi.

Ekuqaleni, lesi sakhiwo asikwazanga ukuziqhayisa ngobukhulu bayo obuhle futhi umhlobiso omuhle. Kodwa ngemuva kokuba isifundazwe saseKherson sithuthelwe lapha, isikhulu esikhulu esisebenza ekukhuluseni kwawo saqala ethempelini.

Ukubuyiselwa

Ngakho-ke, ngo-1837 iSonto Lokuguqulwa Kwamagugu laguqulwa laba yindawo yamasonto. Ukuvuselelwa kwaso kwaphela iminyaka eyishumi, lapho okwakuhlanganiswa khona izakhiwo zesonto nemibhoshongo, futhi ithempeli laphinde lalungiswa.

Umsebenzi wokugcina wokuvuselela omkhulu wenziwa lapha ekuqaleni kwekhulu leminyaka lama-20, ngenxa yazo izinkinga eziningi zokwakhiwa kwesakhiwo, okwakusungulwa kabusha izindawo eziningi, zaqondiswa. Ngemva kwalokho, i-Odessa Cathedral yaba enye yamathempeli asemqoka eMbusweni waseRussia, yahlala namaKatolika angaphezu kuka-12 000. Kwakukhona insimbi engamamitha ayisishiyagalolunye eminqeni futhi ngaleyo ndlela ingase ibe yindawo yokubhekisela kuyo yonke imikhumbi eya echwebeni lase-Odessa.

Ithempeli lalihlaba umxhwele ngemiklamo yalo enhle kakhulu ngaphandle kokunye. Futhi kubonakala sengathi kukhona izakhamuzi zendawo kanye nezivakashi zomuzi okwakhiqizwa kanye nokuhlobisa kwangaphakathi. Izakhiwo zethempeli zazikhulu futhi zabonakala zikhanyisa ngaphakathi ngoba phansi kanye namakholomu walesi sakhiwo zenziwe nge-marble ezimhlophe. Kulesi sikhungo kwakungcwatshwa abantu abaningi abadlala indima ebalulekile ekusungulweni nasekuthuthukiseni umuzi.

Ukubhujiswa nokwehla kwethempeli

Ngeshwa, ekuqaleni kweminyaka engamashumi amathathu nantathu yekhulu leminyaka elidlule, izakhiwo eziningi zamasonto akhe zalahlekelwa yi-Odessa. I-Transfiguration Cathedral nayo ayikwazanga ukubalekela lesi sigameko esibuhlungu futhi ngo-1936 yabhujiswa phansi ngomyalelo weziphathimandla ze-USSR. Ngaphambili, konke okwakuyigugu kwakuthathwa kuye ngendlela engaziwa.

Ngalolo suku olubuhlungu, lapho ithempeli liqhutshwa, indawo yonke lapho lesi sakhiwo sasimi khona kwakukhona amasosha. Ukubhujiswa kwe-cathedral kudonsele kule ndawo izakhamuzi eziningi zendawo ezazishushiswa amasosha emigwaqweni engomakhelwane. Ngemuva kokudilizwa kwesakhiwo, kwakhiwa umthombo ojwayelekile endaweni yawo.

Ukubukeka okusha

Sekudlule iminyaka eminingi kusukela lapho, ukuziphatha kuye kwashintsha. Ngakho-ke, ngo-1999, kunqunywe ukubuyisela ithempeli. Ukwakhiwa kwethempeli kwakuqhutshwa kuphela ngeminikelo futhi kwagcinwa ngaphansi kwemibandela yothando, njengoba izimali zesabelomali azizange zisetshenziswe nhlobo.

Lapho isonto elisha lahlelwa, yonke imingcele yesakhiwo esasiqothulwa ngaphambilini yayigcinwa ngokuqinile, lapho isisekelo sayo kuphela esilondolozwe khona. Abaqambi nabadwebi ekwakhiweni baqondiswa yizithombe ezindala nemidwebo eyenziwe ngemuva kokuvuselelwa kokugcina kwe-cathedral. Ngo-2005 yonke imisebenzi isiphelile, futhi e-Odessa isikhungo sempilo engokomoya yalowo muzi savela futhi.

Njengamanje, ithempeli linomthelela ohlangene. Ukwakhiwa kwesakhiwo kuhlanganisa isitayela saseYurophu kanye ne-Russian classicism. Izitsha zethusi eziyingqayizivele ezintsha zalethwa lapha eGrisi, ziyizona ezinkulu kunazo zonke e-Ukraine.

Ingaphakathi lendabuko esanda kwakhiwa kabusha iphinde iphindwe njengoba nje ngaphambi kokubhujiswa. Lenziwa ngesitayela semfundo futhi limelela amakamelo okuhle okumangalisayo. Izindonga zamahholo zihlotshaniswa nemidwebo yama-Orthodox nezemihlobiso yasendulo evela eByzantium naseKivanvan Rus.

Ithempeli liyisakhiwo esinezitezi ezimbili futhi lingakwazi ukuhlala kubantu abangaba yizinkulungwane eziyizinkulungwane eziyishumi nanhlanu. Bonke abantu beza ukuzobona lapha ethempelini lakhe: isithonjana seKasperovskaya Umama kaNkulunkulu kanye nezinsalela zomndeni waseVorontsov.

Ulwazi oluwusizo

Noma yimuphi umhlali wendawo uyazi ukuthi iKhedralrali yokuTjhugululwa kweMsindisi ingukuphi. Ikheli lalo limi kanje: I-Odessa idolobha, iSobornaya square, indlu 3. Lingatholakala nganoma yikuphi ukuthutha komphakathi: ngeTram No. 3 noma No. 10 noma ngamabhasi No. 146, 121, 198, 195, 208 noma 241. Ukucaciswa kolwazi oludingekile Kufanele ubize le nombolo: +3 (048) 729-36-60.

Ngokungangabazeki, wonke amasonto e-Orthodox e-Odessa amelela izakhiwo zangempela zamasonto e-Ukraine, kuhlanganise nalesi sikhungo esivelele. Manje lesi sakhiwo esihle sibuye sise endaweni yaso, njengokungathi sasingekho inhlekelele ngo-1936, futhi siyajabulisa zonke izihambeli zedolobha nabantu bendawo ngobuhle bayo nokubukeka kahle.