I-Mint eSt. Petersburg: umlando omfushane wesisekelo sesitshalo kanye nokukhiqizwa kwemali

Uma ungazi ukuthi yini ongayivakashela enhloko-dolobha yaseNyakatho, khona-ke uye eMint of St. Petersburg nge-excursion. Futhi isihloko sethu sizokutshela ukuthi kungani le ndawo kufanelekile ukuvakashela!

Ukuvula i-Mint

Ngo-1724, uPeter I wakhipha isimemezelo sokuthi i- mint isenhloko -dolobha enyakatho. Ibhukimakhi yayilungiselelwe umbusi ngo-1720. Ngosuku lokugcina kaFebruwari, ngo-1721, umbusi wamemeza ukuthi izinhlamvu zemali zegolide kufanele zenziwe eSt. Petersburg. Kwacaca ukuthi kungani! Phela, kusukela eMoscow, inhloko-dolobha yathuthela edolobheni kuNeva.

I-mint yaseSt. Petersburg, njengamanye amapulani kaPetru I, kwakufanele ibe ibhizinisi eliyisibonelo. Ngenxa yalokhu, umbuso waseRussia wayala imishini nokucindezela edolobheni laseNuremberg, ngaleso sikhathi okwakubhekwa njengesikhungo sokukhiqiza izinhlamvu zemali.

Ngakho ngo-1724 eTurubetskoe bastion yenqaba kaPetru noPaul yaqala ukukhiqiza izinhlamvu zemali.

Ukukhiqizwa kwemali ngaphansi kukaPeter I

Okokuqala, ama-banknotes akhiqizwa ngobuncane. Izimali zegolide zafakwa lapho. Futhi eminyakeni engu-30 kuphela kamuva umti waseSt. Petersburg waqala ukukhiqiza izinhlamvu zesiliva. Ngenxa yemishini ephakeme yaseJalimane, i-Petersburg Mint yaba enye yezinto ezihamba phambili kule phrofayela. Kodwa nalokhu akuzange kumise uPetru I.

Ngo-1746 wavula i-laboratory enkantolo, lapho amakhosi ahlanganyela khona izinsimbi eziyigugu. Isinqumo esinjalo sasiza ukunqoba ukuthembela kweRussia ekungeneni kwamatshe ayigugu! Kuvela ukuthi isimo sethu ngaleso sikhathi asizithengi igolide nesiliva kuphela, kodwa futhi nethusi elivela emazweni angomakhelwane.

Ukulungiswa

Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-XVIII, hhayi kuphela imali yokubuyiswa kwezimali, kodwa futhi ukukhishwa kwamaliya kwanda. Ngonyaka uMint of St. Petersburg wakhiqiza ama-ruble angu-100 000. Futhi nsuku zonke isidingo sezinhlamvu zemali sanda, kodwa sasingekho ithuba lokuyikhiqiza!

Inkantolo idinga ukuvuselelwa kabusha kwezobuchwephesha nokwandiswa kwezakhiwo, ngoba i-Trubetskoi bastion ayinakukwazi ukufaka izinto ezidingekayo.

Isakhiwo esisha asizange sithathe isikhathi eside ukulinda. Ngo-1807, iMint yaseSt. Petersburg igubha iqembu elizwakalisa izindlu esakhiweni esisha sePeter noPaul Fortress.

Esikhathini sekhulu le-XIX isitshalo esixoshiwe saseSt. Petersburg kwakuyinhlangano enkulu, lapho inani elikhulu lamasters egcwele lisebenza khona. Ngalesi sikhathi indawo yokukhiqiza yendawo yayingaphezu kuka-7000 m ² !

Izinkinga zekhulu lama-20

Le nkathi iboniswe izivivinyo ezimbi futhi ezimbi hhayi nje kuphela kubantu, kodwa nangenxa yeminwe yaseSt. Petersburg. Ngenxa yeMpi Yezwe Yokuqala, iziphathimandla zanquma ukuphuma esitshalweni. Yonke imishini namanye amathuluzi asizayo, kanye nezinto zokusetshenziswa kanye nezinto zokwakha, zidluliselwa ngokushesha e-Ekaterinburg nakwamanye amadolobha aseduze.

Ngakho-ke, ngoJanuwari 1918 iSt. Petersburg yaxosha umkhiqizo wamisa imisebenzi yokukhiqiza.

Eminyakeni emine kamuva, okungukuthi ngo-1922, ukusebenza emagcekeni okukhiqiza egcekeni futhi kwaqala ukupheka! Lokhu kwakusho ukulungiselela ukulungiswa kwemali eRussia Soviet. Ngesikhathi esifanayo lesi sitshalo sabizwa ngokuthi yiLeningrad, njengoba idolobha lathola futhi igama elisha.

Esikhathini esingaphambi kwempi, i-Leningrad Mint yinkampani enamandla eyayisezinhlakeni ezinkulu zokukhiqiza eYurophu. Ukuhlanganiswa kwemikhiqizo kwande ngesikhathi, ikhwalithi ithuthuke njalo ngonyaka, futhi izinkomba zokwethula zifinyelele ezindaweni ezingakaze zenziwe.

Eminyakeni yempi umti waseSt. Petersburg wathunyelwa eKrasnokamsk. Igayela lephepha "Goznak" livikelekile ensimini yalo LMD. Ngokuhlelwa kweKomiti Yezezimali YeSoviet Union, lo mint wawufakwe kule nhlangano.

Izinsuku zethu

Ngo-2004 ukukhiqizwa kwezinto zokucweba kwezingubo kuqale ensimini yesikhumbuzo. Imishini efakiwe yathengwa, izinto ezidingekayo zokusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo zangeniswa.

Amasters enza izindandatho ezenziwe ngokwezifiso, kanye nama-brooches eziyinkimbinkimbi. Namuhla ibhizinisi laleso sitshalo lihlonywe ngokwezwi lokugcina lokukhiqiza nobuchwepheshe! Abadwebi abanokuhlangenwe nakho nabanobuchule benza imikhiqizo yezinkinga eziyinkimbinkimbi nokucushwa.

Ngemali, i-mint yaseSt. Petersburg isayinezela: SPB, SPM, JV, SM, L, LMD. Kusukela ngo-1997, izinhlamvu zemali ezinesibonakaliso se-SPMD zenziwe.