I-hard drive idlula futhi ifinyelela. Uhlelo lokuhlola nokulungisa i-disk eyinkimbinkimbi

Izinkinga ngezingxenye zekhompiyutha zivame kakhulu. Futhi akuzona njalo ezihlobene namaphutha omsebenzisi. Kwenzeka ukuthi ufuna ukugcina imali futhi uthenge i-mothersboard yamabhajethi, akazange ucabangele noma yiziphi izici zobuchwepheshe, ukhohlwe ngezidingo zesistimu. Kodwa uma kunenkinga, bambalwa abantu asebevele bacabanga ngezimbangela zayo. Umsebenzisi ufuna ukuqeda. Ngakho-ke, abanye abantu banquma ukubhekana nezinkinga ngokwabo, kanti abanye baya esikhungweni senkonzo.

I-Hard Drive

Ngaphambi kokuba sifunde ngazo zonke izinkinga nge-hard drive, ake sibuke kancane kule divayisi. Lena idrayivu egijima kuma-drives asebenzayo kanzima. Idivayisi yakhelwe ukurekhoda ulwazi, ukuyigcina, ukufinyelela okungahleliwe kuso. Isekelwe ekuqopheni kwamagnetic. Isitimela idivayisi engatholakala cishe kuwo wonke ama-PC wanamuhla.

Umehluko

Ngokwemvelo, i-hard drive akuyona idrayivu kuphela erekhoda idatha esiyidingayo. Ngaphambilini, i-floppy disk yayithandwa. Kukhona umehluko emisebenzini yabo. Isici esiyinhloko esitimeleni yi-plate enzima eyenziwe nge-aluminium noma ingilazi. Zigcwele izinto eziphathelene ne-ferromagnetic, isibonelo, i-chromium dioxide. Kule nkinga, eyodwa noma ngaphezulu amapuleti afakwa kwi-axis eyodwa. Izinhloko zendlela yokufunda azithinti ama-disk, ngakho ukuphila kwamadivayisi sekude kakhulu, futhi izinkinga ezine-disk eyinkimbinkimbi ziye zanciphisa izikhathi eziningi.

Futhi, ukushayela kanzima ngesikhathi sabo kwahlanganiswa nezinye izingxenye ohlelweni, njengokushayela noma i-electronic unit. Ngakho-ke, amadivayisi angenakususwa. Amashayela asebenzayo manje ashintshwe ngokuphelele ngokushesha, kodwa ama-SSD abiza kakhulu.

Umsindo

Uma uzwa ukuthi i-hard drive yakho iphikisana kanjani, kufanelekile i-alamu. Uma enza noma yiliphi umsindo, "ulaka", ngakho udinga okuthile. Kuvela ukuthi "ngezwi" lakhe ungathola ukuthi yiziphi izinkinga. Makube okungalungile, kodwa okungenani ukubikezela ngokweqile ukuphazamiseka kuzophumelela.

Ngaphambi kokubhekana nale nkinga, zama ukugcina wonke amafayela oyidingayo efwini, kwezinye izingcingo, uma-ke, i-PC isekuvumela ukuthi ungene ohlelweni. Cishe, uma nje uzwa imisindo evela esitimeleni sakho, maduze uzoyeka ukunikeza ulwazi lwangaphakathi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, uma uzwile ukuthi i-disk eyinkimbinkimbi iqhafaza, kusho ukuthi ukusebenza komkhiqizo othile kuye kwaphulwa. Kwenzeka ukuthi inkinga efanayo "ingazwakala" ngokuhlukile. Konke ukuhumusha kwemisindo kuphela okukhethwa kukho okuthandwa kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-disk ingaziphatheka kahle noma isabele kunenkinga enye ingxenye ye-PC.

Ukubuyisela

Uma ngabe uhlezi ngokuthula ekhompyutheni, bese ubona "isikrini esibhakabhaka" phambi kwakho noma uhlelo luyeka ukuphendula kuwe, ungesabi. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukukhipha ngokushesha i-HDD ekunikezeni amandla, ngoba kungaholela ezinkambisweni ezilimazayo, okuholela ekulahlekelweni kwamafayela. Ngenkathi idrayivu eyonakalisiwe ixhunyiwe, ikhompuyutha izoqhubeka nokuloba idatha kuyo, inqume isikhala esisikhululiwe, siyigcwalise ngento ethile, njll Kungcono ukuvala uhlelo lonke bese uhlukanisa i-disk ngokuhlukile. Uma ungenayo i-PC yesibili ongayixhuma idrayivu, khona-ke kuyacaca ukuthi kuyodingeka uthwale idivayisi esikhungweni senkonzo. Uma kunethuba lokulungisa konke ngokwakho, kuzomele ufake uhlelo lokwazisa i -disk.

Ukuze wenze lokhu, kunenqwaba yezinhlelo ezifana ne-EASEUS Disk Copy. Lena isofthiwe yamahhala, ehlanganisa umkhakha ngamkhakha. Izinkinga ukutholakala kwesofthiwe eyengeziwe "udoti" ngesikhathi sokufakwa, kanye nokuntuleka kolimi lwe-Russian. I-Paragon Drive Backup Personal - uhlelo oluhle lokusekela, ngesisekelo sokuthi i-cloning isenziwa. Isofthiwe ingaqaliswa kusukela kumabonakude bootable nakwi-OS. Injabulo kusuka kuhlelo lokusebenza olunjalo luzobiza u-$ 40. Ngaphezu kwalokhu, ungase ubize i-Macrium Reflect, i-Acronis True Image, i-Farstone RestoreIT Pro, nabanye.

I-drive enconied kuzodingeka iqhutshwe ngezinhlelo ezimbalwa zokutakula, ngoba kungenzeka ukuthi okokuqala ukubuyisela yonke idatha. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga izinhlelo ezilandelayo: I-TestDisk, Ukubuyisela kabusha, i-Recuva, i-Extrete Plus, njll. Ngokujwayelekile, kunezindlela eziningi zesofthiwe efanayo, ngakho ukuthola ezinye ngeke kube yinkinga, nje kungabambeki.

Ukwakhiwa

Ukuze uqonde ukuthi yini engase ibe amaphutha nezinkinga, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuklama kwedrayivu. Ngemuva kwalokho, ukuqonda ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukubuyisela i-disk eyinkimbinkimbi, ungakwazi kuphela ukuxilongwa. Ukuze ubone izingxenye eziyinhloko zedivayisi, udinga ukukhipha izingcingo bese ulahla ikhava ephezulu. Ngezansi sizothola izakhi eziyinhloko.

Ibhodi lesifunda ngokuvamile liluhlaza, luhlobo lwe-analogue ye-motherboard ku-PC. Ibuye ibe neprosesa emele umlawuli, hhayi eyodwa kuphela. I-interface ibheka le khodi kanambambili ibe yimilayezo ukuthi uhlelo luyiqonda .

Ama-disk magnetic, noma amapuleti, noma "ama-pancake", njengoba sashilo ekuqaleni, zenziwe ngezinto eziqinile. Yenziwe ngilazi noma i-aluminium, enembozo yamagnetic. Kungase kube neziningana noma eyodwa. Kuyinto kubo bonke idatha ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi singalokothi silahlekelwe igcinwa.

Amakhanda afundwayo asusa ulwazi oluvela phezulu kwamacwecwe. Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, azixhumani ngqo ne-disk, kodwa ziyi-nanometers ezivela kuso. Funda ulwazi abavunyelwe yimithetho ye-physics, edala ukugeleza komoya kanye noqweqwe olukhulu. Ngokuvamile kunamakhanda amabili anjalo. Uma bephule, ngemuva kokuwa phezu kweplate, ukubhubhisa yonke idatha kusuka phezulu.

Ayikho impendulo

Yiqiniso, ngeke uhlale uzwa ukuthi i-hard drive iphikisana kanjani. Ngezinye izikhathi "angafa" futhi angenzi umsindo owodwa. Lona umphumela onzima kunawo wonke ongaba khona. Indlela ejwayelekile kunazo zonke ukuphuma kwesimo sinye - ukuthenga idivayisi entsha. Kodwa akuwona konke okubi kakhulu, kunethuba futhi ubuyisele idivayisi ukuze iphile. Uma i-disk yeka ukuphendula kwikhompyutha, kungenzeka ukuthi isizathu esisebhodi le-motherboard.

Ngaphambilini, abadwebi bathola imali yokusebenza futhi bashintsha omunye owonakele. Manje akulula ukwenza lokhu, ngoba ukwakheka nobuchwepheshe buguqukile, futhi i-HDD ngayinye ithola i-microcode yayo. Ngisho noma kungenzeka ukuba ubeke ibhodi ngendlela eyakhayo, ke-ke, cishe, kuzodingeka sitshele ukuthi siyothola zonke izinto.

Izizathu zokwehla okunjalo zingase zibe eziningana. Lezi yizintambo zamandla, lapho enye ye-diodes noma enye ingxenye yebhodi ihlupheka. Abathuthukisi bazama ukuqeda izinkinga ezinjalo, ngakho faka idididididi enezintambo ezihlukene. Ukufaka esikhundleni se-diode njengento yonke ilula. Uma kufanele ushintshe ibhodi lonke, udinga ukuthola ibhulogi ye-ROM bese uyithumela elisha. Kodwa lokhu akulula ngaso sonke isikhathi ukukwenza, ngoba abanye abathuthukisi bembethe i-firmware kusuka ku-ROM ku-firmware, ngakho-ke ukushintshwa akunakwenzeka.

Umsindo

Uma i-disk eyinkimbinkimbi ichofoza, kodwa iqala, izinkinga zihlobene nekhanda lokufunda. Futhi, mhlawumbe, ngisho nangomunye. Ngezinye izikhathi umsindo onjalo unobangela wokulimala kwengubo yamacwecwe. Ngokuzimela le nkinga ayinakuxazululwa, ngakho-ke kungcono ukuthumela idivayisi esikhungweni senkonzo. Lapho kuzodingeka ukuthi uvule idivayisi. Lokhu kwenziwa emakamelweni ngaphandle koluthuli, ukuze angabi magneti ngokushesha kumacwecwe. Faka esikhundleni senhloko bese ubuyisela idatha. Uma nje usuzwile ukuthi i-HDD yenza umsindo, kufanele ivele ivaliwe masinyane, futhi ukuvuselela kabusha kuyoholela ekulahlekelweni kwayo yonke imininingwane kuyo.

Fryisa

Uma kunenkinga ngemikhakha yedrayivu eyinkimbinkimbi, bese ivuliwe, i-PC iyayibona, kodwa ixhomeke ngesikhathi sokufinyelela. Ochwepheshe bathi lokhu kubangelwa umonakalo ebusweni beplate magnetic. Idivayisi isebenza kahle ize ifunde imikhakha embi. Ukuze uhlolisise le nkinga, udinga ukuqhuba ukuqapha kwe-SMART. Uma kuvela ukuthi une-hard drive ephukile, kuzodingeka ususe isithombe sayo, futhi lokhu kuzokwenziwa kuphela ngabachwepheshe.

Yebo, ungazama ukulungisa le nkinga ngokwakho. Kodwa udinga ukuqonda ukuthi ingozi yokulahlekelwa kwedatha inkulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isofthiwe engakwazi ukufakwa ngokukhululekile, ngokuvamile isebenza ngokulinganiselwe, ngakho-ke angeke iqedele inqubo yokwenza i-cloning noma ukuyiphazamisa, futhi imiyalo eminingi isondliwa kusuka ku-BIOS.

Squeak

Akunandaba ukuthi i-hard drive yangaphandle idlulisela noma yangaphakathi. Inkinga cishe ifana njalo: "ukunamathela" kwamakhanda amagnetic. Injini izama ukuqala uhlelo nezinqubo, kodwa ayikwazi. Kwenzeka ukuthi ikhanda ngemuva komunye umsebenzi lihlelwe ngokungalungile, lihlala lingakapheli phezulu kwepuleti, futhi kamuva liyanamathele kulo.

Uma ubhekene nenkinga enjalo futhi uzwe ukuthi i-hard drive iphikisana kanjani, cishe cishe ngeke ukwazi ukungenelela ngokuzimela kule ndaba. Ngokuqondile, yiqiniso, ungazama, kodwa into ayiphephile. Ngoba kufanele uvule idivayisi, futhi lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngokungabi khona kothuli nxazonke. Ngaphakathi, kufanele ususe futhi ushintshe amakhanda, okungekho wonke umuntu ongakwenza. Ngokuvamile, futhi lokhu kuphazamiseka - kuphela ezandleni zabachwepheshe.

Kodwa uma i-disk eyinkimbinkimbi idlula, ingaba inkomba yenye inkinga. Kukhona kungenzeka ukuthi i-spindle - i-axis lapho amapulangwe ejikelezayo - ivinjelwe. Ngokuvamile lokhu kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokuwa noma umthelela wedivayisi. Lungisa le nkinga ingakwazi kuphela ukuqeqeshwa, ngoba udinga ukufaka esikhundleni se-axis noma uhlele kabusha ama-magnetic plates kwenye i-HDD, ebizwa ngokuthi umnikeli.

Ayibonakali

Ngokuvamile, uma i-PC ingaboni i-hard drive, umsebenzisi akazwa noma yikuphi imisindo, kodwa ubona esikrinini zonke izinhlobo zokubhalisa ezibonisa izinkinga nge-HDD. Into yokuqala engenzeka kule nkinga ukungaqiniseki nge-BIOS. Amakhemikhali kule nkinga ingaba inamba enkulu, kukhona okungaqondakali kokubili isitimela samandla, kanye nebhodi lebhodi lebhodi, kanye nesitimela ngokwayo.

Kukhona futhi ukuthi i-BIOS ibona i-disk, kodwa uhlelo ngokwalo aluyitholi. Uma enye i-HDD efakiwe ku-PC, uzokwazi ukuqala i-PC, uma bekuwukuphela kwedrayivu, cishe cishe ikhompyutha ngeke iqale nhlobo.

Kungenzeka nokuthi umsebenzisi ucabanga ukuthi i-PC ayiboni i-hard drive, nakuba uhlelo lunikeza into efana ne "Disk ayifomethi". Lezi zinkinga zihlotshaniswa nedisk ehlakaniphile. Ngokwezinto ezibonakalayo, konke kuhlelekile. Kodwa umsebenzisi, ngaphambi kokuqonda lokhu, uqala ukwenza zonke izinhlobo zezinyathelo eziholela ezingenakulinganiswa.

Ngokuvamile, i-hard drive yinto encane. Kuye ngokuvamile kuvame izinkinga ezihlukahlukene. Kunamamodeli angalungile, imikhakha ephukile nezinto. Kungcono ukuthi ungazisebenzisi ngokwakho, kodwa ukunikeza idivayisi kubachwepheshe abazothola ngokushesha amaphutha ngaphandle kokwenza imisebenzi eminingi engadingekile ngaphambi kwalo.