I chemical ukubunjwa ithambo lomuntu. Uyini Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali ithambo?

Kusukela izifundo esikoleni kwamakhemikhali, wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi umzimba womuntu liqukethe cishe kuzo zonke izingxenye ishadi lesikhathi D. I. Mendeleeva. Amaphesenti ezinye kakhulu kakhulu, kuyilapho abanye abakhona kuphela trace amanani. Kodwa ngamunye adi- samanje emzimbeni, enza ngayo indima yawo. Umzimba womuntu iqukethe izinto amaminerali e ifomu nosawoti, organic inikezwe njengoba ama-carbohydrate, amaprotheni, kanye nabanye. Ukuntula noma ngokweqile noma yisiphi sazo kuholela ukuphazamiseka ukuphila okuvamile.

Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali wethambo yakhiwa izakhi eziningi kanye compounds zabo ngokwezinga elikhulu, lokhu i-calcium nosawoti-collagen, kanye nabanye, iphesenti aphansi, kodwa indima hhayi kangako. Amandla bone wetemphilo kuncike ibhalansi Ukwakheka, okuyinto yena, kunqunywa izici eziningi, ezisukela yokudla okunempilo ziphethe ezizungeze imvelo imvelo.

Zezakhi obumba skeleton

Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali wethambo kuhlanganisa izinto organic imvelaphi kanye wezinto ezingaphili. Uqinisile kwesigamu mass - amanzi, nezinye-50% ihlukaniswe ossein, fat and lime, i-calcium ne-phosphate kanye magnesium nosawoti, futhi i-sodium chloride. On the akhawunti amaminerali ingxenye cishe 22%, organic amaprotheni emelelwa, polysaccharides, ama-enzyme, citric acid ligcwale cishe u-28%. Amathambo aqukethe 99% we-calcium, okuyinto emzimbeni womuntu. A efanayo ingxenye Ukwakheka zinamazinyo, izinzipho izinwele.

Uguquko ku ezihlukahlukene ezindaweni

kungaba kwenziwe ukuhlaziya elandelayo ekuqinisekiseni ukuhlelwa kwamakhemikhali amathambo endaweni yokucwaninga yokwakheka. Ukuze sithole ingxenye organic lendwangu echayeke eqinile acid medium, isib, hydrochloric acid, lokuhlushwa-15%. I kwaphumela imvelo nokonakala-calcium nosawoti zenzeka futhi osseinovy "skeleton" ihleli kahle. ithambo enjalo iba esiphezulu izakhiwo nokunwebeka, ngokwezwi nezwi leli gama ongaboshwa endaweni ifindo.

Uphiko wezinto kufakwe Ukwakheka amakhemikhali ithambo lomuntu kungenziwa ahlukaniswe burning organic okuyingxenye, it is kalula oxidized ukuba carbon dioxide futhi amanzi. Uhlaka lwamathambo amaminerali libhekene nesimo esifanayo, kodwa buyinto ebucayi kakhulu. I kancane umphumela mechanical - futhi nje yathululela.

Ngemva ukuxhumana bone kule namagciwane asenhlabathini ukuguqula udaba eziphilayo nokumbiwa ingxenye elifakwe ngokuphelele calcium uphendukela itshe. Ezindaweni lapho kukhona ingress umswakama kanye nezilwanyana ezincane, ekugcineni alandele zemvelo izicubu mummification.

ngaphansi kwe-microscope

Noma yimuphi ebhukwinitifundvo komzimba uzokutshela mayelana nokubunjwa zamakhemikhali isakhiwo ithambo. Emangqamuzaneni, indwangu kuchazwa njengendlela uhlobo olukhethekile zezinzwa. B kusekelwe collagen ethandele, sizungezwe amapuleti yakhiwa lomcebo crystalline - calcium amaminerali - hydroxylapatite (phosphate okuyinhloko). Zvozdopodobnye ahlelwe voids parallel equkethe ithambo amaseli kakhulu futhi imithambo yegazi. Ngenxa isakhiwo layo eliyingqayizivele ezincane zalesi Indwangu Kulula ngokumangalisayo.

Imisebenzi Basic ezahlukene imvelo compounds

operation evamile of the system zemisipha incike Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali of amathambo, kungaba imali eyanele iqukethe izinto eziphilayo nokumbiwa. Lime ne-calcium-phosphate nosawoti, okuyinto bakha 95% wesabelo wezinto we skeleton namanye amaminerali kwakwakhe kunqunywa ubulukhuni impahla kanye namandla ithambo. Siyabonga kubo, indwangu olumelana komthwalo osindayo.

Uphiko i-collagen nokuqukethwe evamile obhekene umsebenzi ezifana nezimo, ukumelana kokucindezelwa, ukungakhululeki, eguqa noma namanye amathonya lokukhanda. Kodwa kuphela bavumelana "inyunyana" ingxenye organic nokumbiwa ithambo izicubu inikeza izakhiwo eliyingqayizivele ukuthi anazo.

Ukwakheka amathambo ezinganeni

Amaphesenti izinto, ethi ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali ithambo lomuntu, ingase ihluke kuye futhi omele efanayo. Kuye yobudala, yokuphila, nezinye izinto ithonya, inani compounds ethile zingahluka. Ikakhulukazi, izingane ithambo siyaqoqwa futhi siqukethe iningi labo izingxenye organic - collagen. Ngakho-ke, lolu hlaka lwamathambo ingane enetjhuguluko futhi nokunwebeka.

Ukuze ukwakheka kahle izicubu ingane kubaluleke kakhulu edonsa amavithamini. Ikakhulukazi, ezifana D _3. Kuphela ebusweni bakhe, ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali ithambo ukuze kuvuselela ngokugcwele calcium. Ukuntula zonke saleli vithamini kungaholela isifo esingelapheki futhi fragility ngokweqile skeleton ngenxa yokuthi ukuthi indwangu nje egcwele Ca ²⁺ nosawoti.

skeleton omdala

I chemical ukubunjwa ithambo lomuntu, inkathi edlule, ngokuphongoza izingane. Manje isilinganiso amaminerali kanye osseinovoy izingxenye okungenani zilingana. Ubalekela Ukuzivumelanisa nezimo ikakhulukazi kwethambo, kodwa amandla lwamathambo ngenxa wezinto ingxenye inyuka kakhulu. Amandla ayo ngokomzimba ifaniswe cast iron noma kwagcizelela isakhiwo ukhonkolo nokuqina, baningi ngisho nangaphezu kwezinwele ukhuni oki.

I ukuqinisekisa ngokugcwele elinganiselayo amakhemikhali ukwakheka lamathambo abantu (ithebula ngezansi iqukethe idatha iphesenti evamile kuzo zonke izinto ezakha skeleton) kungaba ngokusebenzisa yokuphila efanele, okunomsoco kanye nokunakekelwa kwempilo.

Izinguquko ku ukwakheka amakhemikhali amathambo kwasebekhulile

I chemical ukubunjwa amathambo womuntu iphukile ubudala, okuholela emiphumeleni engathí sina. Abantu abadala esekhala nezinkinga uhlelo zemisipha, ngokuvamile kwenzeke waphuka aphilisayo eside kunaleso ingane noma umuntu omdala. Lo is phetho of okwandisa okuqukethwe usawoti wezinto ezingaphili kule skeleton Ukwakheka, lemali yabo ifinyelela 80%. Ukungabi collagen, ngakho-ke, ukuncipha kwe-izakhiwo, ezifana kuyaqina, okuholela yokuthi amathambo abe zintekenteke kakhulu. Ukubuyisela balance kungenzeka ngosizo nemithi ekhethekile, kodwa noma kunjalo, le nqubo asikwazi ukumiswa noma emuva. Njalo is physiology umzimba.

Impilo kanye ukusebenza evamile skeleton kuyadingeka kusuka ebuntwaneni ukulandela ukugcwaliswa lesifanele wethambo zonke izakhi zamakhemikhali kanye compounds, kodwa kulokhu, kuba ithuba phila okugcwele yokuphila asebenzayo.