Htaccess (lokufaka ikhodi): ukumisa, izibonelo yokusetshenziswa

Wonke umuntu, ezingosini ze-Internet, nabredal emakhasini wewebhu okunjalo futhi amasayithi engaveli kahle. Ngokwesibonelo, ngokuvula iyiphi isayithi, umsebenzisi ubona umbhalo esikhundleni friendly ezihlukahlukene iyachuma, phakathi esingakwazi ukuhlukanisa izinhlamvu, lwesikhathi, izimpawu kanye nezinye izimpawu. I okungenzeka kakhulu ukubona okufanayo uma uya iyiphi isayithi Chinese noma Japanese. Konke lokhu kungenxa yokuthi lisebenzisa nezinye izilungiselelo ifayela lakho .htaccess. Ifaka ikhodi kulawo mazwe lihlukile. Ifayela amisiwe kahle kuyokwenzeka ukugwema ukubonakala izinhlamvu ezifana usithe inthanethi.

Edinga wekhodi

Ukuze uthole indawo kukhona wekhodi core, othiwa Okuzenzakalelayo charset. Lalihlanganisa ifayela ekhethekile .htaccess. Ifaka ikhodi kuyadingeka ukuze kahle ukunquma umthetho owawuthi amatshwayo ibe ikhodi amagugu.

A ambalwa eminyaka adlule, esephepheni wayemncane kakhulu. Bahlanganisa izingcezu hhayi ezingaphezu kweziyisikhombisa kolwazi. Isibonelo kungaba ASCII. Manje ayebonakala inombolo enkulu kakhulu. Phakathi kwabo - ethandwa kakhulu futhi UTF-8, i-Windows-1251.

Iphuzu eliyinhloko ukuthi imibhalo ukuthi babe wekhodi ezahlukene uyobheka ahlukene. Kungenxa yalesi sizathu ukuthi kusayithi kukhona amaphutha. isiphequluli yomsebenzisi lingasethwa eyodwa uhlobo ukuqonda, futhi ifayela .htaccess kuseva iqukethe ezinye. Ngenxa yalokho, wonke umbhalo ekhasini uguqulwe ube iqoqo izimpawu engaqondakali.

wekhodi eyisisekelo

Ngo .htaccess, ungacacisa ipharamitha ngayo nefunda ngayo izonqunywa ukufaka ikhodi esiyinhloko zonke web-portal. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungakwazi ubhalise kanye nezinye esephepheni oluyokwenza ukuba zivezwe kahle kuwo wonke amakhasi. Onjiniyela Web esephepheni .htaccess ngokuvamile wabonisa izinhlobo ezimbili - UTF-8 ne-Windows-1251. Kuyinto ngokwakhona basebenzisa inqwaba iziphequluli zewebhu nombhalo abahleli.

Ukuze ugweme zakoryuchek ukuthi azinakwenzeka ukwenza out, kufanele noma ulungiselele wekhodi eyinhloko yonke indawo yonke kanye ipharamitha Okuzenzakalelayo charset, kanye ifayela .htaccess enqabela ikhodi noma linqume esephepheni kunesidingo. Phela, inkinga eyinhloko ukuthi, isibonelo, umsebenzisi angakwazi ukuthumela noma iyiphi idatha ku wekhodi ezahlukene ngokuphelele ukuthi iseva abakwazi ukufunda. Izenzo ezinjalo kudingeka uxwayiswe kusengaphambili.

Kanjani ukulungisa indawo wekhodi e .htaccess

Ifaka ikhodi Okuzenzakalelayo charset, kuyisihluthulelo kusetshenzwe ngokwakhona iseva ethunyelwe isiphequluli, kuboniswa AddDefaultCharset inketho. Kuyadingeka ukwengeza ukubeka ukufaka ikhodi ezenzakalelayo. Uma uthumela i-HTTP izihloko sabo ebekiwe okutshela isiphequluli lokho wekhodi kufuneka bazame ngazo zonke abalingiswa kuyi-Internet. Yingakho esigabeni sokuqukethwe-Type, udinga ukucacisa elungile uphawu lokufaka ikhodi. Lona kulungiselelwa .htaccess.

Inketho ngenhla kuyimfuneko eyisisekelo nesiqondiso ukuze ulungise isayithi esephepheni kuleli fayela. Leli qembu liphakathi ukwazi ekugcineni ukuxazulula inkinga ehlobene nokubukisa amaskripthi, okuzenzakalelayo isiphequluli ongaziwa lokubhala ngobumfihlo isiRashiya, hhayi labo abayidingayo. Uma ungenalo ukubhalisa kulungiselelwa, isiphequluli bekuyoba yisiphambeko esidinga. Uma kungenjalo, zonke amadokhumenti elifakwe ikhodi ngokuzenzakalelayo. Cabangela ukuthi akuwona wonke iziphequluli ukubona ukufaka ikhodi efanayo. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu-ke kungcono ukusebenzisa edume kunazo - UTF-8 ne-Windows-1251. Baziwa zonke iziphequluli.

Ngu ngamakhodi izinkinga luqedwe esebenzisa ukusebenza ukuguqulwa okuzenzakalelayo kwemibhalo. Ukuze wenze lokhu kufayela lakho .htaccess kuhlanganisa CharsetSourceEnc inketho ekhethekile. Ngemva kwalokho okudingeke ukuba linqume ukufaka ikhodi eziyisisekelo. Zonke abanye uzobe recoded kuwo. Uma ngesizathu esisodwa noma kwenye Ukubhala ngekhodi uzodinga ukususa, kufanele ukubhala CharserDisable Kufayela umyalo.

Ukubeka kwenye ukufaka ikhodi izigaba ngazinye isayithi

Lokhu akwenzeki njalo, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kukhona isidingo ekhasini elilodwa noma ingxenye yonke esigabeni livela ngolimi oluhlukile. Ngenxa yalokho, isidingo kanye nezinye wekhodi. Endabeni ekutholeni ifayela lwemibhalo impande ne wekhodi .htaccess enqunyiwe, wonke amakhasi izovela ncamashi kuwo. Umphumela Kungenzeka ukuthi abantu ngeke hamba esigabeni angaphandle website, futhi khona esikhundleni umbhalo ngakwesokudla izoboniswa iqembu ulimi izimpawu obscure futhi izincwadi.

Ukuze ukubhekana nale nkinga, kudingeka okwengeziwe ukumisa .htaccess. Udinga ukwakha enye wefayela efanayo futhi kuwo linqume AddType umyalo, ecacisa wekhodi ezengeziwe. Leli fayela ingaba njengesihluthulelo iwebhu yonke indawo, noma amakhasi ngabanye. It incike kuphi ifayela .htaccess itholakala. Uma sikubeka ifolda ngolimi oluthize kwisayithi, ukumisa yayo izosebenza kuphela kule ngxenye. Zonke ezinye ezosebenza ngokuvumelana nemithetho ye .htaccess kuqala, okuyinto etholakala impande yohlu isayithi.

Qondisa kabusha usebenzisa .htaccess

Iningi lonjiniyela amasayithi ubhekene nesimo esinjalo, uma ushintsho kuphrojekthi yamanje ufuna ukulondoloza amakheli ubudala kwamanye amakhasi. Ikakhulukazi njalo lokhu kwenzeka uma uguqula uhlelo lokuphatha okuqukethwe, okuyisona esiphethe indawo. Kuyinto ukuthi isayithi loqobo kwaba static futhi akekho onendaba amakheli logic. Ukuqondisa kabusha kuyadingeka (.htaccess kudinga ushintsho).

Ukudlulisela kudingeka uma umlawuli ufuna ukugcina isikhundla isayithi emiphumeleni yosesho. Phela, ukukhulisa isilinganiso kusuka ekuqaleni - kungcono umsebenzi onzima.

Yini edingekayo ukuze ukudlulisa ezifana lahlelwa? .htaccess izosetshenziselwa ku umninikhaya. Qondisa ke Kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa inketho Redirect 301, kulandele ikheli ikhasi elisha.

Vimbela ukufinyelela

Ukuze Sinqanda ukufinyelela emininingwaneni yonke indawo, izingxenye zalo noma amafayela athile ukuthi zitholakala kwi-server ukuthi liyasetshenziswa ngu .htaccess. It ophika ukufinyelela kumafayela hhayi ifinyelelwe labo basebenzisi abangase konakalisa okuthile.

Sebenzisa imiyalo ezilandelayo:

• Ukuphika ukufinyelela lonke isayithi ezincwadini ifayela myalo ongaphika kuzo zonke.
• Ukuze unqabe othile ip-Amakheli asetshenziswa ongaphika kusukela ip_adres_polzovatelya ithimba.

Ukuvikelwa ifayela

Cishe, umsebenzisi ngamunye uhlangana ncamashi isihloko efanayo kumawebhusayithi ahlukahlukene. Ngokuvamile, ngakho kwenzeka ukuthi umane bona Kwebiwe nezinye izinsiza. Yiqiniso, yelucwaningo uhlushwa mkhuba Amakhasi impinda, kodwa ngokuvamile kakhulu kungukuthi ngempela kahle ukhethe umthombo. Ukuze copywriters kanye program kuyinkinga enkulu kakhulu. Ngoba ukuze ubhale okuqukethwe izinga kuthatha isikhathi esiningi nomzamo omkhulu. Bese injini yokusesha ziwumthwalo unswinyo okuqukethwe okune siwulingise. Kuyakhungathekisa. Ngokuvamile umbhalo kanye nezithombe njengoba ukweba. Ngesikhathi esifanayo inqwaba amasela enjalo musa ngisho download izithombe kusuka izinsiza zabanye abantu. Ukuze overload amaseva zabo, bamane isithombe nge emthonjeni wokuqala. Lokhu isixhumanisi ibizwa ngokuthi kufakwe hotlink. Ngaphezu izixhumanisi izithombe bufakwe, okubonisa kumafayela atholakalayo ukulanda. Ukuze okuqukethwe umbhali enjalo into kubuhlungu kakhulu. Iseva ungumthombo oyinhloko ngabo nalo zigcwale ngokweqile.

Ngo ifayela .htaccess, ungacacisa amafayela ukuze avikeleke emimoyeni hotlinking. It sicacisa ukunwetshwa okuzokwenziwa intuba yokungena. Futhi yamafayela ihhotela noma emaqenjini wonke ungasetha iphasiwedi. Khona-ke ifayela .htaccess ibekwa lwemibhalo, ukufinyelela okumele ivalwe.

Ukuhlonza Ukugula amaphutha

Kuqondane ukuthi kukhona iphutha ikhodi "500" ngemva bahlela ifayela ukubekwa .htaccess. Iphutha okunjalo kwenzeka ngenxa kwamaphutha efayeleni uqobo. Ungathola izizathu ifayela ukuthi itholakala lwemibhalo lesizinda, kwifolda ngemibiko.

Futhi, uma ungenawo sokufeza lokho okushiwo .htaccess, kudingeka siqiniseke ukuthi ukucutshungulwa ifayela likhona izilungiselelo indawo.

Njengoba ubona, ifayela .htaccess liyadingeka ukumisa amawebhusayithi esephepheni, nezinye imisebenzi ewusizo evumela ukuphatha kahle ukuthuthukisa kanye nokuseka amaphrojekthi ahlukahlukene.