Hormone pancreatic - ukubaluleka kwezinto eziphilayo.

umsebenzi pancreatic. Endocrine umsebenzi kwamanyikwe kubangelwa namangqamuzana akhethekile zalezi ziqhingi ka-Langerhans - α-, β-, D- futhi F-izinhlobo. Amaseli ngayinye kulezi zinhlobo hormone athile Islet β-cell akhiqiza insulini, α-amaseli - glucagon, D-amaseli - somatostatin, secretin futhi pankreogastrin, F-cell-hormone like izinto ziya kwemiqondo (futhi lipokain vagotonin). Ngakho-ke, uhlaka ezibalulekile ehilelekile ukulawulwa izinqubo umzimba, kuyinto kwamanyikwe. Kuthiwa ama-hormone, kwemiqondo le ndlala ithinta zonke izinhlobo umzimba emzimbeni. Insulin wavula LV Sobolєv ngo-1902 Phakathi nekhulu le-19 esungulwe isakhiwo kwama-hormone zamagama alo ikhiqizwa.

hormone pancreatic: insulini. Amatshe insulin khulula namangqamuzana isibindi, imisipha kanye ezicutshini. Insulin ithinta zonke izinhlobo Ukuhwebelana: amaprotheni, ama-carbohydrate, lipid, kodwa umphumela wawo umzimba carbohydrate wafunda kakhulu. Okokuqala, insulini kwandisa permeability of cell ulwelwesi ukuba glucose futhi ngaleyo ndlela inikeza ukudluliswa yayo kusukela egazini ezicutshini. Lokhu i-hormone oyenza enzyme fosfoglyukotransferazu (geksozokinazu) futhi ngaleyo ndlela inikeza ukuguqulwa glucose ukuba glucose 6-phosphate. Umphumela wokugcina we-insulin nomthelela umzimba carbohydrate iyona ukunciphisa kwegazi glucose lokuhlala (kahle kungakhuphula izinga likashukela) kanye ukunqwabelana glycogen ezicutshini, isibindi kanye nezinye izitho. Ngenxa ukuntula insulin amaseli bazolahlekelwa amandla asebenzisa i-glucose. Inani lalo e-igazi kancane kancane kwandisa (Hyperglycemia), futhi wakwazi ukujama kuhle godu phandle umchamo (glycosuria).

Ngaphandle insulini ithuthukisa ezokuthutha glucose egazini asebenzayo amino acid, phakathi cytoplasm ka-lymph amaseli, owenza usebenze umbhalo kanye translation, okuholela ngcono amaprotheni zamagama.

Effect insulin on umzimba lipid kubangelwa yokuthi inikeza ukusetshenziswa carbohydrate for synthesis ephakeme acid carboxylic, kakade kwakhiwa triacylglycerols nezinye lipids. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, nge-insulini kuvimbela izicubu lipase, kuhlanganise ngenxa okusithiyayo kwekamu kumiswa. kumiswa ezinganele insulin emzimbeni ephelezelwa nokucekelwa anda amino acid, okuyinto ekugcineni kuholela ekuqongeleleni ammonia ne urea egazini. Yenza kusebenze lipolysis, okuholela igazi ekuqongeleleni okunamafutha khulula acid, emizimbeni ketone cholesterol.

Kuthiwa ama-hormone kwamanyikwe: glucagon. Glucagon amatshe amaseli isibindi, izicubu adipose futhi imisipha, kodwa lowo oyinhloko uwukwenza kwesibindi, ivuswe ngaphansi phosphorylase ithonya glucagon, nakho oyenza isebenze hydrolysis ka glycogen. Ngakho-ke, inani glycogen esibindini incipha futhi ukwenyuka igazi glucose. Ngaphezu kwalokho, glucagon ithuthukisa gluconeogenesis, oyenza lipolysis ka adipose izicubu futhi kanjalo kuvimbela ukuthuthukiswa ukukhuluphala. Lokhu kuhambisana kumiswa esiningi acetyl-CoA futhi ketone emizimbeni. Inciphisa glucagon uketshezi e Hyperglycemia futhi kwandisa nokucindezeleka nokufuna umsebenzi onzima.

Kuthiwa ama-hormone kwamanyikwe: somatostatin. Incretion igibiruet asebenzayo-hormone okuthiwa i-insulin kanye glucagon, gastrin futhi Ukukhetha gastrinstimuliruyuschuyu uketshezi of hydrochloric acid. Ukuphulwa incretion insulin, glucagon, futhi somatostatin umsuka ukuthuthukiswa sikashukela. Lesi sifo libhekene ubuthakathaka jikelele, Hyperglycemia, glycosuria, polyuria (isamba nsuku zonke umchamo ukhula ngokuphindwe izikhathi ezingu 3-5), kukhona cataract sikashukela, opacity corneal zalotshwa.

Kuthiwa ama-hormone kwamanyikwe: lipokain futhi vagotonin. Lipokain - izidakamizwa ama-hormone ezifana nokuthi yiziphi kuvimbela okunamafutha isibindi, kukhuthaza namachibi kwamafutha, ama-fatty acid kanye esidayisa zabo kusukela kwesibindi ezicutshini, ikhuthaza biosynthesis phospholipids. Vagotonin kuvusa umsebenzi we parasympathetic isimiso sezinzwa, ikakhulukazi emsipheni vagus, oyenza hematopoiesis izinqubo.