Gulag Museum e Moscow

Ngo-2001, kwanqunywa ukuba uvule eNational Museum of the Gulag eMoscow. Umsunguli wawo kwaba se-AV Antonov - isibalo somphakathi, isazi-mlando, intatheli, yena kwadingeka ukuba wonke ezethusayo emakamu kaStalin.

inkumbulo Human kuwukuthi uyakwazi phendulela ngisho ngokuphelele "ubhale" futhi kuhlanganiswe ukwaziswa okutholakalayo. Yiziphi izenzakalo ke eveza ngokushesha kakhulu? Ngokwemvelo, okuhle, okubi futhi ufuna ngokushesha "Sula" futhi ayisekho kwadingeka ukuba bavuselwe.

Nokho, esikhathini esidlule, isizwe sethu kukhona imicimbi kanye amaqiniso ukuthi kumele kukhunjulwe wake, ngoba umlando wethu.

Enye yalezi Amakhasi esikhathini esidlule edabukisayo ezweni lethu mkhulu gulag. Abaningi lanamuhla abasha (kanye ngenhlanhla hhayi kangaka abasha) abantu kabi cabanga ngalokho Gulag, abanye indima eliyingozi wayedlala emlandweni wesizwe sethu. Futhi ngaphambili e-USSR kwaba nhlobo umkhaya lokho kwakungeke abathintekayo enhlanganweni onawo wonke amandla futhi esabekayo.

Museum of History

Kuze 2001, umlando we Gulag yayikhona kuphela ebhaliwe, imisebenzi ebhaliwe, amadokhumenti Umlando. umsebenzi wokwakha kabusha kwezinto zalo ezibonakalayo kwenzeka ngemva kwakunengozi Gulag Museum e Moscow.

Ukudalwa kwawo wafika engqondweni umuntu ovamile, kodwa onguchwepheshe, ukuhlola kahle umlando wezwe, umbhali-isikhulumi, othanda ukulwa ukuze amalungelo becindezela, siboshwa Gulag, okuyinto babhekana nokwesaba okwakudalwa ukuphila ekamu iminyaka engu-13. AV Antonov - indodana isikhulu ziyaphawuleka, wamavukelambuso by ngokuqiniseka, yesikhulu wangaphambili.

Indlela Bonke baqala

Ngo-2001, ehhovisi lomphathi-dolobha eMoscow uye sandiswe Museum nge indawo m² 700. Kwaba agugile kakhulu, ezidinga sokubuyiselwa. plus yayo yaba indawo elula - enhliziyweni inhlokodolobha, Awukude Lubyanka, ku Kuznetsky Iningi.

AV Antonov sivunyiwe isikhundla sokuba umqondisi. Wahlala kulesi sikhundla iminyaka eyishumi nanye. Ngeshwa, ngo-2013, ukuphila engu-94, yena wayengekho.

ukuqoqa izinto

Museum lokuqala yangasese izinto uyise wabanika uVladimir Antonov. Ngokushesha, iziboshwa benoFakazi esabekayo, izihlobo zabo, baqala ukuletha isipho zobuciko eziyigugu. Lawa kwakungamadodana siqu izinto, izincwadi, izithombe, izincwadi kanye imibhalo. Ngo-2004, Gulag Museum Petrovka sihlangabezane izivakashi kuqala.

kokuqala

Labo abawela egcekeni Museum ephahlwe ngocingo oluhlabayo kocingo ngokulingisa ekamu futhi ebona kwenqaba akayedwa.

Amawindi ingaphandle isakhiwo zifakwa ekumeni eziyishumi nambili abangamaqhawe amakhulu abhubha emakamu kaStalin.

Yini ukubona

Gulag Museum e Moscow has a embukisweni unomphela, esemgwaqweni ku square metres 100 kwi isitezi saleso sakhiwo lesibili. Kukhona zezitsha ukuthi unolwazi imindeni Bulat Okudzhava, George Zhzhenova nabanye abantu ngezikhundla kanye nezithombe eziningi izisulu. Lo mbukiso presents imibhalo ezigciniwe, amaphephandaba ekamu odongeni, namabalazwe.

Lapha ungakwazi ukubona iziboshwa izinto zangamalanga - izimbiza, nezinkezo, jackets quilted. Baningi abantu abanamakhono sesidlule makamu. Namuhla, i-Gulag Museum has iqoqo imidwebo ngabaculi-iziboshwa.

abasebenzi Museum utshele icala uma kuziwa laba besifazane ababili abadala, ongowokuzalwa e Kabardino-Balkaria. Baletha esitolo isipho izinto ezihlukahlukene zomlando: imiqulu, amabhuku, izinhlamvu neziboshwa zangaphambilini. Kodwa kubo bonke, yebo, izinto ezibalulekile, izisebenzi zigcwalisa umxhwele kakhulu alethwe amancane ingane izicathulo kanye amasokisi amade. Kwabe sekuvela ukuthi, laba besifazane abevile eminyakeni bezama 20 ukubuyisela iqukethe izincwadi ezibaluleke kakhulu futhi ulwazi mayelana izakhamuzi Kabardino-Balkaria, ababekwa becindezela, bese ngezindleko zakhe siqu wanyathelisa incwadi ngazo.

Omunye walaba besifazane labetibambile ejele iminyaka engu-3 ekamelweni, once khona nonina lapho eneminyaka engu-izinyanga eziyisishiyagalombili kuphela ubudala. izinyathelo kuqala yakhe ntombazanyana phansi kusimende ekamelweni ice. Ngolunye usuku kwafika ikhanda waleli qulo. Sebebonile ingane eqandisiwe ngezinyawo oluze, ngasizathu simbe, yahlatshwa sayizwela futhi yayala abangaphansi kwakhe ukuthenga emakethe lezi izicathulo kanye amasokisi amade. Ohlukunyezwayo kakhulu izisebenzi Museum awukwazi ukubamba izinyembezi, etshela izindaba ezinjalo.

Esitezi lesi sakhiwo elibamba ezihlukahlukene imibukiso, okuyinto ukushintsha njalo. izifundo zabo futhi ukuhlela ungathola kwi website esemthethweni ye-Museum.

Gulag Museum: izici umsebenzi

Kuyadingeka ukuthi bonke abasebenzi Museum kakhulu sensitive imemori salabo isiphetho selihlanganise nalesi simo esibuhlungu kangaka kukhona.

Museum siphela sokuzithandela isikhungo, esakhiwa abathanda, abantu yokudala futhi banobungane kakhulu. Lisho ukuthini leli isikhungo? Kusiza abasebenzi Museum yokuqhuba imihlangano zokudala Veterans, imibukiso ojikelezayo, amakhonsathi. Amavolontiya ukusiza asebekhulile hhayi enempilo kakhulu, izisulu yokucindezelwa uStalin. Wonke umuntu ongabamba iqhaza abakhuthele maphakathi emsebenzini. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ugcwalise lemibuzo, okuyinto kuthanda ehhovisi ithikithi Museum.

Iziithombe-sikrini zohlelo

Zonke wavakashela Gulag Museum (izithombe ongawabona ku-athikili yethu) wazi ukuthi wabhekana nemizwa eziqine. Inhliziyo eshona lapho bebona imibhalo lapha kanye nemibukiso. Zonke nezivakashi ziyavumelana entweni eyodwa - Museum Gulag kumele uvakashele wonke umuntu. Ukuze ukhumbule nathi futhi izingane nabazukulu bezifundo zethu, okungukuthi ezingabekwa zokucindezelwa kwalabo bantu uStalin futhi kulapho aphendukela abantu bethu. It kumele ubonakale neze ukuvimbela yokuphindela nhlekelele embi kangaka e izwe lazo lendabuko.

Ust-Kabyrza Museum "Shor Gulag"

Kuzbass Administration ikhumbule izisulu yokucindezelwa zezombusazwe esungulwe i Museum evulekile. Ibizwa ngokuthi "The Gulag Shor". Zonke izivakashi zalo Ngokuphambene ezakha olunothile entabeni Shoria, omangalisayo izivakashi eziyinkimbinkimbi "Sheregesh" futhi ikhophi ekamu, ebiyelwe ngocingo oluhlabayo, nge emabhalekisini futhi ticongotekulindza unogada.

Kundawo Tashtagolsky babe izinto ezinkulu ezingaphezu kuka-30 futhi ukudluliswa Ukulungisa. Kuze kube namuhla akukho idatha olunembile on bangaki abantu abashone kulezi izindonga. Esikwaziyo ukuthi kwadingeka aphakeme bebeletha e-Shor gulag - 25%. Uyakhathaza umsebenzi wezandla, ukungabikho kokudla, izingubo, imithi, isifo kunonophiswe kubuye abathi izimpilo.

Gulag Museum itholakala edolobhaneni Ust-Kabyrza. emabhalekisini agugile, ticongotekulindza onogada abahlomile, uthango ngocingo oluhlabayo - konke lokhu kuveza isithombe ngokoqobo leyo minyaka esabekayo.

Makamu zixoshwa iVolga amaJalimane. Kuze kube manje inzalo yabo bahlala emazweni Kuzbass. Ngemva edabula okuseshwa kuzo, izivakashi bazithola sangempela lesikhungo kwezimilo. Lokhu embukisweni inikeza wonke umlando ukuthuthukiswa nasemakamu Kuzbass esikhathini kusuka 1920 kuya ku-1950.

Interactive Museum endaweni unika izivakashi ithuba ukusebenza esandleni-babona - ithuluzi eyinhloko iziboshwa ekamu.

Intaba Shoria kungaba unyaka ngamunye ukuthatha izivakashi okungenani 10,000 ezweni lethu nabantu baphesheya.

Mhlawumbe, umlando lanoma isiphi isizwe indesheni has amnyama. Ngeshwa, esikhathini esidlule ayilungile kabuyelanga. Museum of the Gulag - a "umshini isikhathi" ukuthi isibuyisela emuva kuleso sikhathi esibi yokucindezelwa kohlelo uStalin, lapho ukuphila komuntu angizisoli lutho futhi abangu ehlazisayo zonakale izinkulungwane zezimpilo.