Garden indlela sasakhiwe ngokhonkolo ngezandla zabo: Umhlahlandlela, izibuyekezo, izithombe. Ukwakheka ukhonkolo izindlela engadini

Ngamunye umnikazi engadini noma ufuna ukwakha indlu ezweni esiqeshini original engadini endleleni. Ngesikhathi esifanayo kukhona isifiso ukwenza ngayo izindleko sakugcina izimali. Ngokuzimela zingenziwa zamatshe, izindlela isitini.

Kuyinto futhi ikhambi elihle kakhulu inkinga - indlela engadini sasakhiwe ngokhonkolo. izandla zami siqu ezokhipha nje, ungakwazi ukuhlobisa e siqu yakho bese ugcine izindleko zokwakha kanye nabasebenzi.

Izinhlobo izindlela engadini

Ukuze ulandelele organically angena ezungezile, kumelwe ukhethe umklamo ezifanele futhi isitayela egcekeni kanye impahla endlini okuyindawo senziwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlaka anjalo kufanele kube eziqinile, kwenta na lifuna ukuhamba.

Amaculo zingahlukaniswa zibe lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo:

• ukungcola, egandayiwe (cobblestone)
• itshe ochotshoziwe,
• amakhambi,
• amatshe,
• clinker (isitini),
• itshe (itshe yemvelo)
• Ukuphela, tile (enezisekelo zikakhonkolo namathayili)
• ukhonkolo Monolithic.

Lezi zinhlobo ezine zokuqala zidinga ukunakekelwa kuqhathaniswa njalo futhi tverdopokrytye ithrekhi, kuhlanganise ithrekhi sasakhiwe ngokhonkolo ngezandla zabo, kukhona eside, ihlanzekile futhi icocekile, amahle, zama-practical.

Ifomu ezithile izindlela engadini kuyakhethwa esekelwe obusebenzayo injongo, egcekeni isitayela kanye izintandokazi abanikazi.

Ukhonkolo izindlela engadini

Monolithic izindlela ukhonkolo zinezikhathi amandla eziphakeme, amelana ukusonteka, akucindezelwe ngokusebenzisa, ngisho nalapho umshini uhamba phezu kwabo. Ngakho-ke, ngezizathu ezifana zimi kahle zilungele izimoto Ukungena okungu-kusukela esangweni isakhiwo ipulazi.

izindlela Ukhonkolo etholwe ngesikhathi izindleko eshibhe, kodwa zidinga ezinye umzamo kanye nabasebenzi. Kodwa kuyakufanelekela it. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umnikazi ithola ukwaneliseka yokuthi ithrekhi sasakhiwe ngokhonkolo ngezandla zabo. Kuthinta ezihlukahlukene bobunjwa, imibala, amaphetheni. Futhi, ukuthungwa ukhonkolo zingahlangana ngayo ezinye izinto: isitini, itshe, amatshe noma ezinye ngombala.

Izinzuzo ithrekhi ukhonkolo

Izinzuzo oye egandayiwe engadini indlela sasakhiwe ngokhonkolo ngezandla zabo, ngenxa izimfanelo zaLowo ezisetshenziswa. Izimfanelo ezinhle ngokhonkolo zimi kanje:

• amandla nokuqina kwayo - hhayi ngokhonkolo kuthiwa sicindezelwe futhi sikhubazekile;
• lula ukusetshenziswa - akudingi imishini ekhethekile;
• eziphansi - izindleko 1 sq.m. prmerno 25 deda.
• ukumelana amathonya zezulu kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo: abandayo, ukushisa, umswakama;
• ukumelana abezindaba nolaka - akesabi amakhemikhali ezichithekile;
• ikhono lokubekezelela okusezingeni eliphezulu imithwalo mechanical - kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuba niqhube ngaphandle kokwesaba izindlela engadini imithwalo;
• yizinhlobonhlobo - kungenziwa kwakhiwa inkundla yokudlala enkulu, indlela engadini ngezandla zakhe ngaphandle abaculi professional;
• Ukhonkolo ungakha ezihlukile: iqonde futhi lwalugobile (kuncike formwork), kungashiwo zaveza ehlotshisiwe, kuhlangene nezinye izinto eziningi.

Yini wenze ububanzi indlela?

Okokuqala, ububanzi ithrekhi wenziwa amaningi Tile ububanzi, uma esetshenziswa.

Okulandelayo, udinga ukuba acabangele lomgwaqo nhlangothi zombili ububanzi mayelana 6 cm.

Landelela ububanzi ingqikithi nguhhafu imitha kungenziwa eyakhelwe izindlela yesibili, isib, phezu yokusondela abamba ukushisa: isikhala esanele ukudlula omunye umuntu, nokushayela ibhala Unicycle.

On ububanzi endleleni 80 cm Akunakwenzeka ukuba miss ambalwa abantu kuzodlula ibhayisikili yezingane. Kodwa ngenxa kagesi isikhala imoto akwanele. Le ndlela kwakhiwe ukuba ezindaweni zokudayisa.

I-track emaphakathi ukwenza efakiwe ngokugcwele, kusukela cishe imitha ne nesincane namamitha nengxenye ububanzi. Lapha futhi kalula ezimbili abantu kuyoba, kuzodlula izingane kwi ezokuthutha, ngisho ukubeka ebhentshini encane.

Track kusukela pre-cast ukhonkolo amathayili

enezisekelo zikakhonkolo noma amathayili usayizi encane - indlela elula futhi esheshayo indlela engadini senziwa ngokhonkolo ngezandla zabo. Izibuyekezo bathi liphinde Indlela elula walala ithrekhi.

Ubuciko isitayela yabo simiswe ngalendlela lelandzelako:

1. Lungiselela isisekelo: level phansi, yenza isakhiwo.
2. Ukusabalala agrovoloknom noma geotextile isihlabathi ukwehlukanisa lisemhlabathini.
3. Kumila ungqimba yokugcwalisa pyatisantimetrovym emfuleni manzi (hhayi ezimanzi!) Sand, angabekwa futhi ohlangene. River isihlabathi iqukethe ubumba kancane, ngakho-ke amanzi ezihambisanayo.
4. Qala yanjalo emakhiyubhi amapuleti. Ukuze plate kungukuthi dengwane uma uhamba kuwo, udinga wokubembela, ukushaya ngesando ngokusebenzisa ipulangwe lokhuni ngokucophelela ukuze singathwesi zahlukana. Ukubeka ukuqinisekisa izinga.
5. Isichuse emalungeni overwritten usimende noma isihlabathi.

Uma amapuleti zibekwa ekucineni kusiya ekucineni on nenhlabathi sandy, ungqimba isihlabathi elachithwa ku 3 cm. Loamy nenhlabathi clayey lokuqala wathela amatshe noma slag ukujiya 7-10 cm, bese ungqimba isihlabathi 5 cm.

Futhi plate kungenziwa wabeka ngekhambi ukuthi lisetshenziswa base sandy. Isixazululo yafakwa amakhona izingcezwana Tile phakathi, lapho ebeka bese ucindezela it is basakaza ngokulinganayo ngaphansi lonke ebusweni.

Landelela ukuma nge

Namhlanje ifomu ethandwa kakhulu izindlela engadini ukwenza: ipulangwe, ipulasitiki, metal. Sinenkosi amaseli amaningi ezinobukhulu obuhlukahlukene futhi umumo (izikwele, iinkwere, onxantathu, hexagon noma ukumisa engaphumi) futhi asetshenziselwa izibalo izingcezwana ukulandelela.

Ukuze ukuhlola izinga lokuqaliswa imisebenzi enjalo, udinga ukwazi ukuthi ngosizo amafomu ngomumo-ezenziwe mayelana eziyisithupha amamitha kungenzeka ukwakha ithrekhi ngamahora amabili. Amafomu angathengwa ngomumo eyenziwe noma uzenze.

Ukuze amapuleti eyisiyingi ngokugcwalisa kumasegmenti metal amapayipi noma ibhakede ngaphandle phansi, uthola yokuqala engadini endleleni.

Izandla ukhonkolo yabalingisi njengoba setshe esikhulu nge amathambo endoda 7 mm ukuqinisa sibekwa ngesimo ngehele. Ngaphambi kokugcwalisa ifomu lobuchwepheshe nivame ngamafutha noma ukuvenisha. Ukuqinisa ibekwe ukuze lalo nezinhlangothi phansi embozwe isixazululo. Ngemva ethela ukhonkolo ohlangene.

Izinto namathuluzi thusi Monolithic

Ukuze kwenziwe engadini indlela ngezandla zakhe sasakhiwe ngokhonkolo, udinga amathuluzi ezilandelayo futhi izinto:

• isihlabathi;
• agrovoloknom;
• brand usimende M400;
• indawo steel anezikhala;
• wathungela wire 2 mm obukhulu;
• Izithasiselo for ukhonkolo yokuthuthukisa eguquguqukayo kanye ungangenisi amanzi properties;
• izingcezu uthayela, ipulangwe noma amabhodi nge ububanzi okungenani 25 cm;
• noma yokugcizelela nezikhonkwane sokhuni;
• indophi;
• polyethylene ifilimu;
• Isitsha ibangele isixazululo;
• namafosholo insabule futhi abakuthola;
• trowel ububanzi nengxenye imitha;
• mlotok ezinkulu noma sledgehammer;
• amathuluzi amancane nokwakhiwa: ezahlukene usayizi spatulas futhi amathroweli.

ekubalweni izinto

Isibonelo ekubalweni lemali oyifunayo amaphuzu ingxenye emaphakathi endleleni obuphelele futhi ububanzi imitha elilodwa kanye noboya obukhulu 10 cm:

1. I ukushuba we ungqimba esihlabathini-10 cm zokulala liyadingeka ivolumu isihlabathi ukuba ngakho .:

• phindaphinda ubude, ububanzi kanye ukushuba ngeke 0,10 m3;
• ngokuvumelana inkomba idatha 1 m3 isihlabathi ukala 2.4 amathani;
• recalculate ivolumu oyifunayo: 2400kg / M3 m3 x 0.10 = 240 kg.

2. Kubalulekile ukukhetha ilungelo mix ukhonkolo ukuze izindlela engadini. Izandla zakhe wenza indlela ngeke inqamuke uma lisetshenziswe olinganise ezilandelayo ukuze uthole isixazululo:

• 1 ingxenye yamanzi,
• 1 okuyingxenye usimende,
• 4 izingxenye isihlabathi.

Umthamo usimende edingekayo ibalwa efanayo esantini kanye ukubaluleka esifanayo 0,10 M3. Ngokusho kwebhukwana, exutshwe esihlabathini imitha cubic ngokhonkolo ukala 2.8 amathani for imitha elilodwa ithrekhi. Isisindo Ukhonkolo kuyoba 2800 kg / M3 0,1m3 x = 280 kg. Kwehlukanisa lokhu inani nge 5 (amanzi hhayi kunakwe), thina ukuthola isisindo usimende: 56 kg.

Inani asalile amanzi 224 kg kanye isisindo isihlabathi senzelwe nomkhombe ukhonkolo.

Kusukela sibalo we isisindo ngezinto zokwakha zezinga eliphezulu izindlela 5 cm kuya ku-7 cm noma isisindo ukubaluleka etholwe kufuneka iphindaphindwe factor 0.5 noma 0.7, ngokulandelana.

indlela Ukhonkolo ngezandla zakhe: imiyalelo

Gcwalisa ekukhishweni ithrekhi Monolithic luhlukaniswe izigaba ezilandelayo:

1. Okokuqala ukuhlela ephepheni isicelo tonkhe tincenye egcekeni, izakhiwo, amathrekhi, kuyinto efiselekayo sikala.
2. Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukubala inani izinto: ke lixhomeke enhlabathini. Ngo ubumba nenhlabathi ngokwanele isigamu-imitha ungqimba ngokhonkolo, nokukhanya kumele enze ungqimba okubi imitha elilodwa. Ukuze umhlabathi exhaphozini kudingeka kwenziwe isigamu-imitha amatshe amanzi ungqimba ngaphambi kokufaka ukhonkolo.
3. Ukumaka wenziwa ngokubheja nezikhonkwane ngokohlelo. Phakathi nezikhonkwane intambo obukhulu is tensioned.
4. Ngokwe-wokugubha imbobo Turf ok wemba umsele. Ukujula kwawo kufanele kube ngu-20 cm, futhi uma kukhona amatshe amanzi pan ke 25 cm. kumele Zonke izinsalela kwezitshalo isuswe ngokucophelela.
5. Ngaphezu kwalokho, shuttering isethi, okumele abe kwafinyelela phezulu 10 cm ohlangothini elingaphandle ithobela izindonga enqabeni yezinqola, futhi ne kwangaphakathi - nezikhonkwane Waqiniswa..
6. Ezansi iyokuhlomela emseleni ipulangwe agrovoloknom ukuthi isihlabathi akuyona zishiywe emhlabathini, futhi kuthululwe futhi ohlangene esihlabathini uqobo. Kuyadingeka sokukhipha amanzi. Ukuze compaction kangcono esihlabathini isiguqo wetted.
7. Kumi esiqongweni sezindawo isihlabathi ukubeka ifilimu polyethylene kumele kube ngaphandle izimbobo. Kuyadingeka ukuthi ukhonkolo bomile hhayi kanye, kodwa ngaqina kunesidingo.
8. isixazululo wayixova ngokungeza ungangenisi amanzi admixture kuwo.
9. Ezansi ngokubeka yokugcizelela anezikhala futhi isixazululo ukubeka. Seal, bushelelezi nge lokwela ke trowel. Indlela phakathi kuhlelwe isigqugquzeli 3 cm for nkinga amanzi ngesikhathi imvula. Ngokusebenzisa ngamunye imitha wenza ukunwetshwa amalunga omzimba, sebefaka engadini endleleni sasakhiwe ngokhonkolo ngezandla zabo ngeke crack bese deform kuye ngokuthi izimo sezulu.
10. Indlela imbozwe ifilimu izinsukwana. Le filimu ke ekhishiwe kanye formwork. Phakathi ukhonkolo iphele oswakanyiswe amanzi.
11. Izinhlangothi clog phansi futhi tamped. Okungajwayelekile nezikhonkwane kokuvalelwa ukhonkolo.

Lapho emizileni ehlobo, ungakwazi ukuhamba ngayo ngemva kwezinsuku ezinhlanu esikhathini ebusika - emva eziyishumi.

ubuciko ithrekhi

Garden endleleni babeka ukhonkolo ngezandla zabo, isibonelo isithombe engatholwa inqwaba ukuze anikeze okwakhe kungenziwa ahlotshiswe.

Fit lezi ongakhetha:

• ku nomkhombe ushiya ikhambi ungeze sombala onjengomlilo;
• colorant ezomile ingase futhi wanezela phakathi trowel ebusweni bushelelezi;
• ngemva solidification we ukhonkolo amahora amathathu ke ecindezelwe izingcezu ingilazi, ngobumba, isitini, itshe yemvelo, zemabula chips;
• ezikhaleni phakathi amapuleti noma uhlawula ezivuzayo ungakwazi uhlwanyele utshani noma izimbali;
• ithrekhi ebusweni engase aklonyeliswe iphethini embossed ukuthi sisetshenziswa lapho ukhonkolo akakabi eqandisiwe;
• ukuthola indawo ophucuziwe last uhlobo yensimbi: isixazululo ongahluziwe lasetshenziswa usimende ezomile ungqimba 6 mm, bese bezihlikihla trowel.

Ukufaka curbs

Uma senza indlela eya cottage ngokhonkolo ngezandla iphelela eduze ngadi, khona-ke akudingekile ukwaba umngcele. Ezinye izindlela Ukunquma ubukeka umxhwele. Umkhawulo zingenziwa ngezitini noma izindlu, noma ngabe eyedwa izakhi yabalingisi Awokufulema.

ewusizo ikakhulukazi uma ebeka ukunqanda tile ukhonkolo njengoba kudingeka ukuze uwumise. Kuyinto ngenxa yendima we limiter ukubeka umngcele kuwumsebenzi wemfanelo. It yakhelwe ukugcina amathayili kusukela razezzhaniya ngaphansi komthwalo. Uma umngcele azifani, amathayili uyogcina washintsha, futhi indlela engadini sasakhiwe ngokhonkolo ngezandla ukulahlekelwa ukubukeka yokuqala. Ukuze amandla lomgwaqo ukhonkolo igibele base tape (noma umane emhlabathini) futhi isekelwa ngaphandle nezikhonkwane.

Ibanga phakathi komngcele kanye tile kufanele kube incane khona, futhi isitayela - obukhulu kakhulu.