Flatworms. abanye abameleli

It is angathi ishumi nambili bebonke eziyinkulungwane zinhlobo kwesigamu flatworms ezaziwayo. Bonke zihlukaniswe namakilasi amathathu. Ikilasi lokuqala lihlanganisa turbellarians (ciliary), owesibili - flukes, eyesithathu - flatworms tape.

bafika mayelana ngesikhathi Proterozoic. Kwakuwusuku lokuqala emithathu ungqimba izilwane nge wesimethri zamazwe amabili. Njengomthetho, flatworms izilwane ezidla ezinye zidla lenyama. izilwane Phila emanzini.

Flat izibungu yisinanakazana uvele ngemva kwesikhashana. Basuke izimpawu izinguquko ngabanye , izitho zokugaya, izinzwa. Abahlala lezi flatworms emzimbeni kwezilwane, abantu noma emzimbeni, neyezinhlanzi. Tibangela ubuthi, isifo esibi, ukukhathala, kanye umonakalo ezinzima ohlelweni igazi. Inani Medical flatworms yaqale washayelwa nge Scriabin. Academician athuthukile lonke isayensi - Helminthology. I lolwehlukanisa kuba phambi zinhlobo yisinanakazana amathuluzi ehlukene (idioadaptatsy). Ngakho, lezi zilwane manje zitholakala amaswidi izingwegwe. Basuke izimpawu elikhulu nenzalo.

flatworms ciliated

Lesi sigaba siqukethe ecishe ibe yizinkulungwane ezintathu zilwane. Bahlala ikakhulukazi amanzi aqabulayo kanye zasolwandle. Ngezinye izikhathi ingatholakala inhlabathi.

Omunye abameleli turbellarians kuyinto yobisi (omhlophe) Planar. Uhlala phakathi kuka-amanzi ahlanzekile. umzimba wayo has a, a ekupheleni leaf emise kwakubonisa ezingemuva futhi enwetshiwe phambili. Ubude planarians oda amasentimitha owodwa kuya kwemibili.

Lokuzaliswa yalolu hlobo Kwenziwa kokubili ngendlela asexual futhi ngokocansi. Esimweni sokuqala ukwehlukana engu- zomzimba zibe izingxenye ezimbili.

Hermaphroditic uhlelo zokuzala futhi wahlela nzima impela. kokukhulelwa Cross.

flukes

Lesi sigaba imelelwa flatworms yisinanakazana amafomu. Zihlala womuntu kanye yezilwane ezinomgogodla izitho, futhi atholakala ezingenamgogodla. Kukhona acishe abe yizinkulungwane ezine zama-lezi izikelemu.

Umuntu oyedwa omele - yisikhohliso isibindi. Usayizi umzimba wayo ishidi-like mayelana ezintathu - ngamasentimitha amahlanu. I abadala abahlala ezindaweni ezingamahlathi Amapayipi Bile kwesibindi, nenyongo sesinye kubantu futhi ezidla uhlaza. Ohlangothini ventral kanye phambi umzimba wakhe kuyinto sucker besisu futhi ngomlomo. Ngosizo lezi amadivaysi flukes akwazi ukugcina emzimbeni aphethe. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi lezi zidalwa kunalokho kahle athuthukile izinzwa. elintantayo nje emanzini, izibungu unamehlo.

Flukes ezingaba kwande kakhulu. Besuka komunye umuntu ngaphakathi ngesonto angaya kuze kube kwesigidi amaqanda. ukuthuthukiswa yabo eminye Kwenziwa kuphela emanzini. Kwesigubhu kwakhiwa kusukela amaqanda zibe izibungu, okuyinto kufanele awele aphethe Lesisemkhatsini.

Asexual division izibungu kwenzeka emzimbeni we silwanyana (impi Intermediate). Ngenxa yalokhu zizalela ekhiqizwa sonke isizukulwane izibungu, ogama isakhiwo ufana isakhiwo abadala. Ngemva kwalokho aphume imbaza umzimba futhi kuxazululwe phezu ulwelwe ugu. izinhlumba Kwakheka. Phakathi kwalezi sibungu singaba ukusinda isikhathi esithile. Bekanye ukudla noma amanzi eyenza umuntu acabange eseZwini izinambuzane umzimba okomuntu noma isilwane.

Isibindi flukes - hermaphrodites. ukuzala wenziwa lokugcina aphethe umzimba.

izikelemu

Lesi sigaba has ecishe ibe yizinkulungwane ezintathu zama-amafomu yisinanakazana. Abahlala cishe yonke kuphela emathunjini abantu futhi ezilwaneni ezinomgogodla ezinamehlo ahlukahlukene.

Ezikelemu babe ribbonlike umzimba ehlanganisa entanyeni (ingxenye lapho beya ihlumela amasegimenti), kanye kumasegmenti ikhanda, ngasinye sazo okuphindaphindiwe hermaphrodite ukukhiqizwa kabusha uhlelo. izingxenye Mature ahlelwe esifundeni ezingemuva umzimba futhi ugcwale amaqanda avundiswa.

Ezikelemu ungase ube obuphelele kusukela mayelana 0.5 amamilimitha angu ngamamitha ayishumi.

Lesigaba iyona tapeworm sezinkomo. ukukhula Its livela wesibeletho. Ngo omdala sezinkomo tapeworm yisinanakazana emathunjini amancane e abantu by axube ezindongeni umzimba amaswidi ezine.