Ezolimo eniselwayo Ikakhulukazi

Ezolimo ngenkasa ngokuthi, lapho isiko njalo ekuniseleni usebenzisa izakhiwo ngenkasa ukuthuthukiswa. Ethandwa kakhulu uhlelo sinjalo ukutshala izitshalo ezindaweni ezinesomiso, okungukuthi, lapho kukhona okuncane imvula zemvelo. Njengamanje, esetshenziswa kakhulu lolu hlobo ezolimo ngo eningizimu yeYurophu, e-Asia enyakatho ye-Africa.

Izindlela ukuchelela izitshalo Yezwe Lasendulo

eniselwayo ukulima indlela - omunye omdala e ukutshala izitshalo. Abavubukuli bakholelwa ke umsuka ekuqa- Mesolithic futhi Neolithic ku sezintaba izigodi ezomile-Asiya zaseMesoamerica. Ekuqaleni, izitshalo ukuchelela ekhiqizwa kuphela esebenzisa uzamcolo yashayisa unqenqema emfuleni izikhukhula. Nokho, e-6 th. BC. e. eMesophothamiya le bakudala uhlelo lokuqala wokubacindezela zaqala ukusetshenziswa.

Iziteshi of Ancient Egypt

Ubuchwepheshe ezolimo eniselwayo - wukuthi ngokwezinga elikhulu ukuthonywa ukwakheka omkhulu yamandulo. Ngokwesibonelo, ngale ndlela kwathiwa izitshalo Ancient Egypt esekhulile. Ekuqaleni, abantu baleli zwe baye esakhe amadamu angu obukhethekile izimbobo sokukhipha amanzi kuzindima. Okuningi eyinkimbinkimbi uhlelo wokubacindezela, baqala ukusebenzisa emuva Ephakathi Kingdom ngokuqondene nokwanda okuphawulekayo endaweni endawo eniselwa ngenkasa.

Irrigation ezolimo eGibhithe lasendulo ngesikhathi Kusolwa ubunjalo umcengezi. Ngaphansi Impophoma yamanzi abalimi bemba ezinkulu imigodi abamukelayo. Kusukela kubo babe yizinkulungwane yeNayile nazo imiphini ukunisela. Okunjalo yesimiso sokunisela ngenkasa sekuneminyaka eseGibhithe kwaze kwaba ngekhulu le-19 kwaze kwabe yilapho sekwakhiwe Idamu Aswan.

ezolimo ekuniseleni eRussia

Ezweni lethu, i-isimiso sokunisela ngenkasa isetshenziswa ezindaweni ezomile ezifana Trans-iVolga esifundeni, Central Asia, Trans-iBaikal esifundeni, Western eSiberia, nokunye. D. Omunye izinzuzo undoubted yaleli fomu wezolimo yikhono ukuthola okuhle imikhiqizo yezilimo (kwezinye izimo ngu 2-3 ngonyaka ). Ngokufanayo, e-Russia ummbila, iklabishi, utamatisi, ukotini, irayisi, ubhekilanga kanye nezinye izitshalo eziningi.

Inani lamanzi kudliwe

Umthelela omkhulu kunayo yonke isicelo ukusetshenziswa komhlaba le ndlela sika, kungafezwa, yebo, uma nje ukunisela oyokwenziwa nsuku ngokuqinile isayensi. namasiko ehlukene ekuthuthukiseni okusheshayo kudinga inani elehlukile amanzi. Ngakho, ngokwesibonelo, ummbila udinga amalitha 100 isizini ngayinye, futhi iklabishi - ezingaphezu kuka-200 amalitha. Ngakho-ke, ekulungiseleleni izimiso zokunisela ngenkasa kufanele sigcwaliswe inani elikhulu izibalo ezahlukene. Onjiniyela kumele inake hhayi kuphela inani ukusetshenziswa ngokuligeza ngamanzi izitshalo, kodwa imvula yonyaka, kanye nezinye izinto ezibalulekile (ukwakheka kanye ukuminyana zenhlabathi, isikhathi kwesikhathi efudumele konyaka, njll).

isikhathi ukunisela

Ngaphezu inani lamanzi kudliwe nokubhalwa ngenkasa kwezinye izindawo futhi kudingeka anqume ku isikhathi nokusebenza umswakama. Kubalulekile, isibonelo, ukwenza ocwebezelayo ngesikhathi izitshalo izimbali kanye luthela. Futhi kudingeka ulwazi oluhle izici begazi izitshalo.

ukuqhubeka ezolimo eniselwayo okwenzeka esikhathini sethu. Ngokwesibonelo, sokunquma inhlabathi degree omiswe kanye nesidingo humidification ngaphambi izibonelo zalokho indlela esetshenziswa sokuprakthiza encane. Manje le njongo amadivayisi ezikhethekile. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuba uthole imiphumela esinembile, ukuze ulondoloze isikhathi futhi asebenzise izindlela lobuchwepheshe okunengqondo.

Kusetshenziswa isimiso sokunisela ngenkasa: izindlela wokunisela

amasu eziyisisekelo umswakama ngaphansi izitshalo ezindaweni ezinesomiso, zikhona eziningana:

• ngokuqala amanzi furrow phakathi imigqa;

• ahanjiswa kumzila inhlabathi amapayipi perforated ;

• ukufafaza ekhanda.

Amanzi yanikezwa yensimu kusukela amadamu eliseduze may iziteshi ezinkulu nezincane. Lapho ekhula izitshalo ezifana irayisi, ngokuvamile isetshenziswa futhi omunye ubuchwepheshe ngempumelelo kakhulu - izikhukhula emasimini. Ngo izitshalo manzi isiko kungaba ewugqinsi (15 cm) ngesikhathi lonke isizini. Ukwenza kube hhayi ayetha, sekuyisikhathi ukushintsha ngezikhathi ezithile. Yehla amanzi irayisi ngokushesha ngaphambi yokuhlanza.

Izinhlobonhlobo esikhulu

Amafomu wezolimo eniselwayo eqinisweni kunabaningi. Ezindaweni elisezansi zivame kakhulu ezisetshenziswa enkulu ohlelweni kukazamcolo. Ezintabeni, masimu angasebenza. Ezigodini wezolimo eniselwayo ngokuvamile kuhlanganiswe amasu izitshalo rainfed entwasahlobo izitshalo entwasahlobo ebusika kwezulu. On kakhulu emithambekeni emaweni ingasetshenziswa engavamile ngenkasa izinhlelo ukumisa eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu. amafomu lwasekuqaleni yokusetshenziswa komhlaba ukucelela kwentwasahlobo imvula yesikhashana amanzi kulezizinsuku walondoloza kuphela ezingxenyeni ze-Asia naseNyakatho Afrika.

Kusukela lapho namanje kuncike empumelelweni kwezolimo eniselwayo

Ngakho, ukuze ukhule ube isivuno esihle, kungenzeka-ke, ukuba amphuzise iphrojekthi umhlaba sokufuna futhi. Futhi kubalulekile ekuphumeleleni komkhakha wezolimo eniselwayo kukhona isicelo gqwa kukamanyolo enhlabathini. Ngemva ngenkasa ukuze kudingeka nokuthi izitshalo bakwazi ncela emhlabathini umsoco badinga. Umquba enhlabathini kusetshenziswa indlela wezolimo eniselwayo kungaphansi kokubili amaminerali kanye organic.