Izingxenyana amaprotheni ngegazi electrophoresis

Umzimba womuntu - kwakha isimiso esiyinkimbinkimbi lapho ngomzuzwana zikhona izinqubo ezihlukahlukene zamakhemikhali: amahomoni ekhiqizwa kukhishwa nezingxenyana ezithile Amaprotheni egazi, zombala, njll With ukuthuthukiswa imithi baba atholakale kubantu, izifundo eziningi kutholakale izinga izinto ezifana ... Ukukhubazeka kungase kubonise ukuthuthukiswa lesi sifo, noma kube umphumela zici bokuphila.

ulwazi olujwayelekile

Kukhona izimo eziningi lapho amafraktjhini ngabanye wamaprotheni igazi anda. Kuyini, lokho kungase kubonise izibalo efanayo, ambalwa azi.

Lezi izinto ziyingxenye ebalulekile ye-plasma bese aqukethe eziyinkimbinkimbi amino acid.

Yenza imisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu:

1. Uthuthwa izinto ezidingekayo (engahle nabavoti imithi, lipids, amavithamini, amaminerali, zombala nokunye okunjalo. D.).
2. Lubhekele ekunqandeni.
3. Silondoloze ukulinganisela acid-ane-alikhali.
4. Lungisa ibhalansi leukocyte, erythrocyte nama-platelet.
5. Lithonya isimo amasosha omzimba.

Izinga yabo ixhomeke ukungaguquguquki kwegazi. ngaleyo ndlela aminyene futhi viscous ketshezi maqembu nakakhulu ngemithambo yegazi, eziya ziba zimbi ekusebenzeni lonke uhlelo senhliziyo nemithambo yegazi.

Ukuze sithole ingxenyenamba amaprotheni Kwenziwa okukhethekile ukuhlaziywa - proteinogramma.

ukuhlaziywa kwamakhemikhali kwegazi

Lolu cwaningo laboratory ingenye kakhulu futhi ethandwa. Wamiswa cishe zonke iziguli welashelwa inpatient.

It ikuvumela ukuba bahlole isimo jikelele zomzimba kanye nemisebenzi izitho ezahlukene ku nemingcele ahlukahlukene.

amaprotheni ingxenyenamba ekucubunguleni kwamakhemikhali kwegazi Uyi kubaluleke kakhulu ingxenye, okuyinto eyenziwa bonke abantu engozini ngokuba amaqembu athile isifo.

ukukhombisa

Ngokuvamile, isifundo wamaprotheni amafraktjhini engabelwe zokugula esolwa kanje:

• myeloma;
• gammopathy monoclonal.

Ukuqhuba proteinogram kuboniswe iziguli ezine:

• izinqubo sokuhlasela kwamasosha omzimba (scleroderma, i-lupus erythematosus, i-Hashimoto tireoditom);
• izifo ne-acute ezithathelwanayo (i-herpes, i-hepatitis azo zonke izinhlobo, Epstein-Barr igciwane futhi cytomegalovirus);
• izimpawu malobsorbtsii (ukuqunjelwa okungamahlalakhona, owabonakaliswa nohudo, steatorrhea, okuyizinto ezibangela malabsorption izakhi);
• kwemikhuba yokudla (yokuntuleka noma ukwanda ngesifiso, unxanela ukhetho kweminye imikhiqizo).

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingasatshenziswa ngesikhathi Imininingwane ukuhlolwa umzimba (Ukuhlolwa izifo ezahlukene).

Isinqumo isidingo ucwaningo kufanele uthathe udokotela (ibhuku elisetshenziswa ngokwabelana) ngesisekelo izikhalazo, umlando isiguli, imiphumela yokuhlolwa nokunye.

ukuhlaziywa Izici

Zonke ezigulini eziye esimisiwe cwaningo amafraktjhini amaprotheni egazini, odinga ukukwazi:

1. Inqubo wenziwa esiswini esingenalutho ekuseni. Ngaphambi ekuqaleni ukulethwa ungadli amahora ayi-8.
2. Ngobusuku obandulela Kunconywa Ukudla okuqinile (ngaphandle kotshwala, okunamafutha, ngibhema, okuthosiwe, okubabayo, ukudla okusheshayo, imayonnaise, isoso kanye neminye imikhiqizo eyingozi). Kungcono ukuthi ubeke umkhawulo edonsa amaprotheni.
3. 30-60 imiz. kodwa akukho muntu obhemayo.
4. Gwema imaging izifundo: x-ray, X-ray, i-ultrasound, njll izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi ukuhlaziya ...
5. Ngobusuku obandulela akukwazi sezinzwa futhi wenze umsebenzi onzima odinga amandla.
6. Abantwana abasebancane teething lendlela eyenziwa.

Ukwephula iyiphi into ohlwini ngenhla kungahlanekezela umphumela, faka edukisayo lesiguli kanye udokotela. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuba banamathele uhlu izincomo.

Yini enye kungabangela ukuphambuka ku imiphumela:

• emthanjeni ukumnika izixazululo;
• ukujuluka ngokweqile;
• ukhulelwe;
• lactation;
• imithwalo esindayo;
• embhedeni ukuphumula;
• ukuhlukunyezwa ukudla amaprotheni.

izindlela ukuthola

Izingxenyana amaprotheni ziyingxenye ebalulekile amaprotheni Imininingwane. Lesi sakamuva kunqunywa oqhuba ngenhla echazwe kwamakhemikhali igazi ukuhlaziywa. Ukuze ukuhlola eningiliziwe ibhalansi izinhlayiya zayo babe izifundo ezahlukene.

Le nqubo kakhulu futhi ethandwa kuyinto electrophoresis, okuyinto kungenziwa kusetshenziswa impahla ekhethekile:

• hromatogroficheskoy iphepha;
• cellulose acetate ifilimu;
• isitashi noma ijeli agar.

Kwenzeka ngenxa yesenzo i kagesi ku Amaprotheni egazi ezibekwa iphepha esikhethekile noma ijeli. Ngo inqubo yokuzuza negative icala ejenti, lapho ngaphansi kwethonya imithetho physics sishukumiseleka ukuba anode futhi kungenzeka 'idla yodwa 6 amafraktjhini ezahlukene, okuyilezi:

• albumin;
• globulin (alpha-1 futhi i-alpha-2);
• globulin (beta gamma);
• prealbumin.

Ngaphezu sokunquma amafraktjhini amaprotheni ngegazi electrophoresis, kungenzeka ochwepheshe lab esetshenziswa nezinye izindlela ezingadumile kakhulu:

• ijeli filtration;
• immunoassay;
• kwezulu;
• sedimentation.

Izinkambiso kanye ngeziphambeko

Uhlaziyo wenziwa ngokushesha ngokwanele, futhi umphumela ingatholakala ngosuku olulandelayo.

On ukusebenza kwamafrakshini amaprotheni kuthonywa izici eziningi. Inani elimaphakathi igazi evamile kufanele kube (g / dl):

• Albumin - 3,5-5,00;
• A-1 - 0.1-0.3;
• a-2 - 0,6-1,00;
• beta - 0.7-1.2;
• gamma - 0.7-1.6.

Inani amaprotheni isilinganiso kufanele ibe uhla 6,4-8,3 g / dl.

Yini ukwanda

amaprotheni izingxenyana zegazi ngokuvamile kufanele ube isilinganiso othize, lapho ephawula isimo jikelele zomzimba womuntu.

Ukwephula lokhu ukulinganisela Separated isifo dysproteinemia ngemuva kwalokhu.

Kuye shift iqembu elithile ungakwazi ukukhuluma ezinye pathologies, ngokuphelele noma ngokucacile okwenzeka emzimbeni. Uma amazinga aphakeme:

• albumin - lokhu kungase kubonise izifo zesibindi nezinso; isib, isifo sokusha kwesibindi, isifo sokuqina kwesibindi, carcinoma pyelonephritis nezinye;
• globulin alpha 1 (2) - kungase kubonise khona ukuvuvukala, ukucindezeleka okukhulu noma esigabeni ezisebenzayo umdlavuza Ukudlulela;
• beta - emzimbeni kungenzeka hyperlipoproteinemia samanje (lipid umzimba);
• Gamma - nokuthathe kwenza izinga lokhula sici ngoba Ukungena ukutheleleka (webhaktheriya noma viral).

Uma ngesikhathi proteinogram ku isivivinyo strip itholwa normal amaprotheni monoclonal, ezimweni eziningi, lena isizathu sokusola myeloma - umdlavuza plasma amaseli. Ngakho-ke, lapho siqhuba ucwaningo kwi proteinogramma zokugula babelwa eyodwa yezindlela ezibalulekile kakhulu futhi ulwazi.

Derated

Iziguli eziningi ungase ukuthole emiphumeleni yabo ukwehla amaprotheni Imininingwane bese kukhishwa nezingxenyana zayo ngazinye. Lokhu kungaba amazinga eyodwa kanye nokusuka sokugembula.

Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi hypoproteinemia. Singasho senziwa:

• enganele amaprotheni eyanele ngokudla;
• Ukudla eside;
• anaemia;
• menses;
• isikhathi nasezinkingeni ezilandela ngemva kokuhlinzwa;
• umkhuhlane;
• izinqubo samafayela;
• ukudakwa;
• isifo sezinso;
• ukusha kwesibindi kohlobo;
• nokungalali;
• ukulahlekelwa isiyonke amandla;
• ukopha.

Ngenxa yezizathu bokuphila (.. Okungukuthi, non-isifo) kakhulu wehlise iphrotheni esegazini (ngezansi 50 g / l) zibandakanya:

• lactation;
• senyanga okugcina enkathi yokukhulelwa;
• ukungawuvivinyi umzimba, umphumela kokuhlala isikhathi eside embhedeni;
• umsebenzi ngokweqile ngokomzimba.

Okufanele ukwenze uma yalokho okubi

akufanele ngokushesha netwetwe lapho ithola abampofu ukuhlaziywa yokusebenza amafraktjhini amaprotheni. Kumele uxhumane nodokotela wakho bese uzama ukukhumbula ezingase avuse isimo esinjalo.

Ngokomlando eqoqwe udokotela uyokwazisa ukuphinda ukuhlaziywa futhi kamuva noma ukhethe kokuxilongwa ezengeziwe.

Okokuqala kuyodingeka ukuba kudlule:

• jikelele futhi egcwele segazi;
• urinalysis.

izindlela Instrumental Kuzoqokwa ngesisekelo izikhalazo isiguli. Ngokwesibonelo, uma ku isizinda ushintsho amazinga albumin esiswini lesiguli elizanikhubaza, ibisisithi kudingeka afeze ultrasound esiswini, x-ray kwendawo nokunye. N.

Njengoba kwezokwelapha, ukwanda angawodwa amaprotheni Imininingwane egazini ngokuvamile kuyindlela yakhona eyodwa kule kuka e amafraktjhini phuca yalo. Izimo ezinjalo adinga luhlolo ngokuphelele futhi Ukufunda umlando isiguli. Uma umuntu enomuzwa yena kahle, akanalo ubuhlungu kanye nezinye cwaningo ukuze, nge awokuthi singasho ukuthi siphilile. Ezimweni ezingavamile, kusaqalwa ezinzima izifo ezifana nomdlavuza, isifo sokusha m. P., On ingemuva ebonakalayo kahle imbangela izinguquko amaprotheni amafraktjhini ezithile. Ngakho-ke, iyiphi ukuphambuka kusuka kuyinsakavukela ukhuluma ngesidingo ukuba banake impilo yabo.