Eurasia: namaminerali. ezwekazini i-Eurasia yayigcwele

Impumuzo namaminerali Eurasia kuyinto ukwehluka okukhulu. Lokhu geomorphologists izwekazi ngokuvamile ibizwa ngokuthi izwekazi kokuqhathanisa. isakhiwo Geological, impumuzo kuleli zwekazi, kanye nokusabalalisa amaminerali Eurasia kuzoxoxwa ngakho ngokuningiliziwe kulesi sihloko.

Mainland Eurasia: nokwakheka

Eurasia - nezwekazi elikhulu emhlabeni. 36% ezweni futhi u-70% inani labantu emhlabeni bagxila lapha. Cishe wonke amazwekazi Zomhlaba, eqinisweni, kukhona ezimbili izinsalela supercontinent lasendulo - Laurasia futhi Gondwana. Kodwa hhayi Eurasia. Phela, kwamiswa kusukela amabhlogo zomhlaba eziningana, okuyinto isikhathi eside beze ndawonye futhi ekugcineni ashiselwe ukuze zibe yisikhungo esisodwa sivala phinda amabhande.

Leli zwekazi siqukethe inombolo zamapulatifomu kanye nezifunda geosynclinal: Eastern Europe, eSiberia, West laseSiberia, Western Europe kanye nabanye. ESiberia, Tibet, kanye esifundeni esingaseChibini iBaikal kwezine zobukhulu bomhlaba uqweqwe isiswebhu lenqwaba imifantu futhi amakhefu.

Ezahlukahlukene kwezinkathi Geological kwavela futhi kwamiswa ibhande eligoqiwe ezintaba zase-Eurasia. YePacific Alpine-zaseHimalaya - kwekulu wabo. Bona abhekwa abasha (okungukuthi, ukwakheka yabo ayikapheli okwamanje). Kuyinto lezi emikhulu ebusweni bomhlaba kuyimiphumela ohlelweni ngobukhulu entabeni enkulu yezwekazi lase - Alps, zaseHimalaya, iziNtaba zaseCaucasus nabanye.

Ezinye izindawo zaleli zwekazi kukhona izindawo umsebenzi okusezingeni eliphezulu zokuzamazama komhlaba (ezifana Asia Ephakathi futhi aseBalkan). Umhlaba wazamazama ngamandla izikhathi zenzeka lapha imvamisa eside. Ukuba khona inani elikhulu nezintaba-mlilo eziqhumayo futhi inama kuba Eurasia.

Mineral umnotho ezwenikazi lase-Afrika zihlobene wetakhiwo umonakalo omkhulu kakhulu. Kodwa Kamuva sizoxoxa ngokuthi.

izici ezivamile, i-Eurasia impumuzo

Relief namaminerali Eurasia ezihlukahlukene kakhulu. Bona Kwakhiwa Mesozoic futhi Cenozoic, kungakapheli amapulatifomu ambalwa lasendulo, zixhunywe ezithathekayo ukusonga izindawo.

Eurasia - nezwekazi esibili aphakeme emhlabeni nge engamamitha isilinganiso 830 amamitha ngaphezu kolwandle. Kuphela ngenhla kwe-Antarctica, futhi ngisho nangalesosikhathi kuphela ngezithukuthuku obukhulu ice igobolondo. Kunezintaba eziphakeme kunazo zonke futhi emathafeni ngobukhulu atholakala Eurasia. Futhi inani eliphelele kubo okuningi kuka kwamanye amazwekazi Zomhlaba.

Eurasia libhekene esiphezulu kungenzeka amplitude (umehluko) emachibini. Lapha kulapho isiqongo kule planethi eliphakeme - Mount Everest (8850 m) kanye esibi kunazo zonke emhlabeni - Olufile ezingeni (-399 amamitha).

Izintaba namathafa Eurasia

Cishe 65% wendawo i-Eurasia yayigcwele elalihlala ezintabeni, Amathafa futhi ezinkangala. Zonke ezinye kungokwalabo emathafeni. yezindawo eziyinhloko eziyisihlanu izinhlelo entabeni zaleli zwekazi:

• ZaseHimalaya.
• ECaucasus.
• Alps.
• Tien Shani.
• Altai.

ZaseHimalaya - aphakeme Ukhahlamba hhayi kuphela e-Eurasia, kodwa yonke le mbulunga. Akulesi amakhilomitha square mayelana 650.000. Kulapha ukuthi "ophahleni izwe" - Mount Qomolangma (Everest). Ngo-mlando emlandweni walesi abaqwali entabeni yanqoba 4469.

Kuleli zwekazi nayo itholakala Tibetan Plateau - kunazo zonke emhlabeni. It ithatha indawo enkulukazi - amakhilomitha square kwezigidi ezimbili. On the Tibetan Plateau enemisuka zabo eziningi ezidumile imifula Eshiya (iMekong, umfula iYangtze, i-Indus, njll). Ngakho, lokhu kungenye irekhodi geomorphological, okuyinto uqhosha Eurasia.

Minerals Eurasia, ngasendleleni, ngokuvamile kwenzeka zokuzamazama of ukusonga. Ngakho, ngokwesibonelo, Carpathians emathunjini abacebile kakhulu emafutheni. Futhi ezintabeni Urals ngenkuthalo misela amaminerali ayigugu - ngamasafire, ngeyamarubi namanye amatshe.

Emathafeni futhi emathafeni e-Eurasia yayigcwele kakhulu. Phakathi kwazo omunye irekhodi - East European Plain, okuyinto kubhekwa ngobukhulu emhlabeni. It osuka kule Carpathians eCaucasus cishe ezigidini ezingu-2,5 amakhilomitha. Ngaphakathi lokhu ethafeni, ngokuphelele noma ingxenye yaso, itholakala nambili uthi.

Relief Eurasia Ukugqamisa amaqiniso athakazelisayo

In a lula kakhulu balahlekelwe umbukwane amarekhodi orographic siyibuka ngelinye iso, kodwa akukho izici kancane ezithakazelisayo-mpumalanga yezwe. Ukuma kwendawo yendlela ezintaba zase-Eurasia zikhona, eqinisweni, umangalela zonke aziwa yesimanje nesayensi landforms. Caves futhi Karst izimoto okwami kanye amawa, izigodi emfuleni izigodi, izindunduma futhi amagquma - konke lokhu kungabonwa kuleli zwekazi elikhulu Earth.

Ngo Slovenia, kukhona odumile izici Karst Geological okwanika igama eqenjini amafomu ezithile zosizo. Ngaphakathi lokhu limestone Ithafa elincane kunezindawo eziningi emihumeni enhle.

Abaningi e-Eurasia yayigcwele nezintaba-mlilo, kokubili ekhona kanye yokuqothulwa. Kluchevskoy, Etna, iVesuvius futhi Fujiyama - edume kakhulu kubo. Futhi lapha enhlonhlweni yaseCrimea, ungabona odakeni esiyingqayizivele (eNhlonhlweni Kerch), noma labo okuthiwa izintaba-mlilo kuhlulekile. Isibonelo esimangalisayo wale mithandazo kwabaningi Ayu-Dag ezaziwayo.

Minerals ezwekazini

Eurasia iye zibalwa izinqolobane emhlabeni Imininingwane kwezinsiza eziningi amaminerali. Ikakhulukazi nezwekazi kugcwele zinothile uwoyela, igesi kanye imikhando of izinsimbi non-ayoni.

Ezintabeni, kanye emabhodini (projection platform isisekelo) Eurasia bagxila ezifakwa okuqinile zensimbi imikhando manganese, kanye ithini tungsten-platinum, nesiliva. Ukuze deflections izisekelo ezisekelweni lasendulo ezihlobene nokusebenzelana nenqwaba izinsiza fuel amaminerali - uwoyela, igesi, nowoyela oluthambile. Ngokwesibonelo, ngobukhulu ensimini uwoyela ithuthukiswe Gulf ku eNhlonhlweni ye-Arabhiya eNorth Sea; igesi yemvelo - eNtshonalanga yeSiberia; amalahle - ngaphakathi East European Plain futhi ezwekazini laseNdiya.

Yini enye engingabuye ocebile Eurasia? Non-metallic amaminerali ezifana kuvamile kakhulu ezwekazini. Ngakho, esiqhingini Sri Lanka kuyinto idiphozi ngobukhulu ibe ngeyamarubi emhlabeni. E Yakutia amadayimane misela e-Ukraine nakulo Trans-iBaikal - egwadle eliphezulu kakhulu, e-India - ngamasafire futhi emeralds.

Ngokuvamile, izinsiza eziyinhloko amaminerali ezintaba zase-Eurasia - uwoyela, igesi, itshe-nsimbi, manganese, i-uranium, tungsten amadayimane namalahle. On the ukukhiqizwa eziningi zalezi imithombo, nezwekazi akutholakali emhlabeni wonke.

Eurasia Minerals: Ithebula kanye main ensimini

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi izidubedube zaleli zwekazi zitholakala Ukuboshelwa kakhulu. Ezinye States kulokhu kwaba inhlanhla, Futhi ezinye (eRussia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan, China njalo njalo.) - hhayi ngakho (ezifana Japan). Ngezansi kunezinye namaminerali abalulekile kakhulu eYurophu nase-Asia. Ithebula futhi liqukethe ulwazi mayelana imali elikhulu imithombo ehlukahlukene amaminerali zaleli zwekazi.

Ekuphetheni

Leli zwekazi ngobukhulu emhlabeni kuyinto Eurasia. Mineral umnotho ezwenikazi lase-Afrika kuyinto ukwehluka okukhulu. Lapha basuke bagxila kwekulu kodwa zibe sebuthweni lezokuvikela ezweni uwoyela, negesi yemvelo, itshe-nsimbi ne-ore manganese. Ekujuleni nezwekazi iqukethe semali zethusi, i-uranium, okuhola igolide, amalahle, esiyigugu futhi amatshe semiprecious.