Enea - esitimeleni. ongaphansi komhlaba esiteshini "Enea"

Moscow Metro, ngokuba main ezokuthutha zomphakathi ihabhu yenhloko-dolobha, kuletha imisebenzi embalwa. Ngaphezu ukuvikelwa enamandla sabantu futhi enze imisebenzi ukuzivikela yomphakathi edolobheni jikelele, Metro eMoscow futhi lesikhumbuzo eziwusizo kakhulu kwamasiko yezwe lethu, obonisa ngokucacile umlando ukuthuthukiswa kanye izigaba ekukhuleni komphakathi.

Lo mbukiso eyinhloko-USSR

Exhibition of Izimpumelelo Economic wase-USSR (VDNKh) lethiwa ngo-1959. Ekuqaleni, igama layo linjengezwi "Zonke-Union Agricultural Exhibition." Isakhiwo lavulwa ngo eMoscow ngo-1939 kule ndawo enkulukazi phakathi Main Botanical Garden futhi Ostankino Ipaki ukuzilibazisa, sisebenze kuze kube ngo-1941. Ngemva kwempi, esichasiselweni wavulwa kuphela ngo-1954, futhi ngo-1992 saqanjwa Zonke-Russian Exhibition Centre Isikhungo (VVC). Eminyakeni eyandulela impi, embukisweni ezifanayo egcinwe ngokuthi "Zonke-Russian yezolimo kanye wezandla zezimboni embukisweni" phezu Sparrow Hills, futhi kusukela ngo-1923.

Ngonyaka owandulela wethe kaMasipala Enea yakhoselisa izivakashi eyinkimbinkimbi, okwenza kube useduze nakakhulu abantu ngomqondo truest izwi. Insimu Enea sihlanganisa lesikhumbuzo "The Worker kanye sabaqashi Ipulazi Owesifazane" by umqophi Vera Mukhina, umthombo "Ubungane Abantu be-USSR" futhi "Stone Imbali", 14 emithonjeni le umhubhe emaphakathi, nemengamo ezintathu nenhle of Central, eMelika Ephakathi naseNingizimu zokungena, kanye mayelana ayisishiyagalolunye emadokodweni eyakhelwe izinkundla zemibukiso Square.

Yini okufanele sibahambele?

"VDNH" metro station wethulwa-May 1, 1958 njengoba esiteshini sokugcina Riga engaba "Prospekt Mira" - "Isentha Agricultural". Ngaphambi ukwabela embukisweni igama elisha ngoba esiteshini ngokuthi efanayo engaphezulu isikhungo embukisweni - "Isentha Agricultural". Ngo-1992, ngemva nokwetha kabusha Enea ku VVC, liphinde ucele ukushintsha igama esiteshini, kodwa ukugcwaliseka kwale phrojekthi ekuphileni esishiywe dengwane. Awukakayitholi ukushicilelwa kanye nezinye amaphrojekthi for indondo ye amagama amasha esiteshini, "Exhibition", "Rostokino", "Isikhala" - la magama kuze kube sekugcineni ephepheni.

legatsha Orange

Riga ububanzi, umkhankaso ngo-1958, siqukethe i-iziteshi ezine kuphela: "Botanical Garden" (manje "Mira"), "Riga", "Ukuthula" (aka "Scherbakovskaya" futhi "Alekseevskaya") futhi "Isentha Agricultural" (manje "Enea"). Kanjani ukuze uthole emzileni ohamba ngaphansi komhlaba enkabeni yedolobha noma embukisweni we esikalini union, kusukela ngalesi sikhathi-ke akabange esaba khona inkinga. Ngaphambili, lokhu kungenzeka kuphela yenziwe kwezokuthutha ezweni enhlokodolobha.

Ngemva kweminyaka emine, ngo-1962, umsebenzi uqalwe Kaluga engaba legatsha. Yena uxhuma ngumgogodla umuzi izakhiwo ezintsha e eningizimu-ntshonalanga, bahudulelwa esiteshini "Novye Cheryomushki". Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi esiteshini "Shabolovskaya", wafakwa ukusebenza kuphela ngo-1980, nakuba wawuhlanganisiwe iphrojekthi ekuqaleni. "Kaluga" esiteshini okokuqala yayisesigodini edepho (Ukudonsa yenomboro emihlanu "Kaluga"). Ngo-1974 wavalwa, owaqala i platform entsha igama elifanayo ohlelweni.

umugqa ukuthuthukiswa

Qondanisa ezindaweni ezimbili ngo-1972, ngaphansi kwegama ngayinye radii wangaphambili wabele elalisanda kumiswa agcwele igama legatsha "orange umugqa". Ngo-1978, ukunweba line, ukuveza "Medvedkovo" esiteshini, esiteshini lesine kuya enyakatho "Enea". Metro eMoscow okhula minyaka yonke, cobwebs esigubuzele komhlaba wabo emabhulohweni izindawo ezingasho yenhloko-dolobha. Eighties adwebe umugqa eningizimu-ntshonalanga futhi ngo-1990 wavula esiteshini sokugcina "Bitsa Park" (manje "Novoyasenevskaya") nge deadlocks circulating. Ngo-2014 kwenza impambano, enika abagibeli ithuba ukuze uthumele emgqeni Skytrain L1.

ukuziqhenya isizwe

Naphezu ivelaphi Soviet, igama isiteshi namanje lahlotshaniswa nokuba amazwi uyaziqhenya eMoscow. I semibukiso, ongaphansi komhlaba eduze kwakhe, indawo enkulu embukisweni we-Soviet Union, ihhotela "Cosmos" kanye lesikhumbuzo owaziwa "Isisebenzi sabaqashi Ipulazi Girl" - kuze kube sekugcineni iwuphawu socialism etifundvweni letifana dolobha yesizwe sethu. Kuze kube manje, lesi sitshalo hhayi nje iphuzu kokusebenza a eMoscow amagatsha kaMasipala. Libuye libe lesikhumbuzo zomlando, okubonisa amandla yezakhiwo kanye zomklamo isikhathi.

Ukwenza esiteshini

"VNDH" - esiteshini isisekelo ezijulile. ezingeni Underground ngu amamitha amahlanu nantathu nengxenye, okwenza kube omunye iziteshi ejulile umasipala eMoscow. Trehsvodchataya esiteshini design has a ubude ayisishiyagalolunye pylons (nesishiyagalombili). Special zokuhlobisa platform nomhlobiso abakwazi ukuqhosha, ngoba elimiswe eminyakeni imali sina. It ekuqaleni okuhleliwe ukukhipha pylons Awe-Pommel ornametnom oluhlaza, ozungezwe igolide leaf Motifs ku le ndlela yokufekethisa. Ukuze lo msebenzi, kwakukhona ngisho umculi ezimenywe ngokukhethekile uVladimir Andreevich Favorsky.

Ngemva kwesikhathi esithile, waphindela wadala umklamo esikhethekile esiteshini "semibukiso". Metro zamashumi amahlanu efakiwe dissimilarity Umklamo esiteshini ngasinye. Yebo ngokwabo futhi eyeka ngesikhathi esemncane. Vele muva nje, ukuba impi iphele, amabutho eyinhloko abasebenzi bathunyelwa nokuvulwa umnotho kazwelonke. Nokho, ukudalwa i ongaphansi komhlaba ingaphakathi eMoscow wasondela kahle. Awuzange uyekwe kanye "semibukiso". I intertwining amahlamvu-oki, * kuze kudabuke umhlane organically ehlotshisiwe lokuqala pylon esiteshini bazakha. Nokho, lokhu kusilela kanye nomnotho kuwalimazile. KaMose lemva futhi zaveza phezu ngopende eluhlaza, hhayi kuphela lokuqala isakhiwo asekelayo, kodwa futhi ngayinye yalezi zinsika.

Endaweni, hhayi kuphela

Okwamanje, esiteshini komhlaba - omunye Izikhumulo ephithizela kunawo wonke kuleyo ndawo Moscow. indima ebalulekile kule play ukuthi iseduze Insimu omkhulu embukisweni eziyinkimbinkimbi "VDNKh" kamasipala.

Imephu eMoscow uhlelo zokuthutha umphakathi okusheshayo edolobheni akuvezi noma badlulisele ukugcwala kanye nosayizi nsuku umgibeli womgwaqo edlula esiteshini. Ukutholakala suburban ezokuthutha impambano ihabhu unezela ingxenye enkulu abantu usebenzisa "Enea" ukuze uthole on the esitimeleni ekuseni bakushiye ngemuva kokuphela kosuku, ngifike endlini. Mytishchi, Korolev, Sergiev Posad, Pushkino, Ivanteyevka, Ihlathi esobala enokukhanya kwelanga - lokhu akulona uhlu oluphelele amadolobha suburban, futhi lapho ungase ukwazi ukufinyelela ngebhasi TPU "Enea". Moscow Metro kulokhu kuliragelo okunomqondo umfula zokuthutha maphakathi inhlokodolobha, futhi esesayidini ke.

Ungakhohlwa mayelana izindleko ukuthi izakhamuzi eziseduze kwalapha, lapho Metro eMoscow ongakabi kwadingeka isikhathi aphonse amagatsha kunethiwekhi yabo. Ostankino, Rostokino, Marina Grove, Yaroslavl esifundeni - iningi labantu abahlala lapha esiteshini "semibukiso" ukuze uthole ukusebenza noma maphakathi nenhloko-dolobha. Mahhala inkonzo Ibhasi ezinkulu eziyinxanxathela, ezifana "Golden yaseBhabhiloni 'e Rostokino noma« XL »e Mytishchi eduze eMoscow, futhi neqhaza ekwandeni esiteshini umthwalo. izivakashi Abazama ethenga nokuzijabulisa zemibukiso kuzo zonke izifunda eMoscow bakhangwa kungenzeka ikhambo khulula kusezweni zokuhamba eziya ezindaweni yezitolo.

Phuma kusukela esiteshini

Kuze kube maphakathi nawo-1997 eziqhutshwa kuphela North Ground yokwamukela izivakashi e ngesimo Rotunda, evulekile emuva ngo-1958. Nokho, la mandla abo kusobala akwanele ukuba ubhekane nezingcindezi nsuku zonke okwandisa umthwalo metro station "semibukiso". Imiphumela nhlangothi zombili we Prospect Mira wavula Agasti 25, 1997. South ihholo kuletha abagibeli ukuba le ukudlula ngaphansi ngaphansi umgwaqo ovulekile futhi unikeza kuze kube ebusweni kusukela Cosmonauts Alley, noma ku-ingxenye ethempelini Tikhvin Isithonjana UnguNina KaNkulunkulu e Alexeyev.

Ngo-June 2013 cishe ngonyaka yavalwa ukuze kulungiswe eNorth yokwamukela izivakashi wakhonza inhloso yabo futhi kuhle ezigugile escalators. New ephakamisa izindlela bafakwa ukusebenza ngo-June 1, 2014. amadivaysi zesimanje ziye hhayi kuphela komkhawulokudonsa anda, kodwa futhi nazo zonke izindinganiso zokuphepha ISO9001-2011.

Ekuphetheni

Subway esiteshini "Enea" ubulokhu ihlala uphawu yentuthuko kanye somlando e izinhliziyo zabantu baseRussia. Ngokusebenzisa vaults yayo komhlaba nsuku zonke guided izinkambo YaseMoscow Metro zabahamba angaphandle. Abantu abangaphezu kuka-150 000 nsuku zonke engena egwadle abandayo izinto zakhe. Isiteshi siqanjwe immortalized imisebenzi eminingi tetemibhalo, isibonelo, kule noveli Dmitriya Gluhovskogo "Metro 2033" ngokuthi "yindawo yokugcina amasiko lamabutho enyakatho impucuko Kaluga-Riga umugqa."