Ukuguqulwa KukaJesu Isimo Monastery e Yaroslavl: ikheli, izithombe

Ukuguqulwa KukaJesu Isimo Monastery e Yaroslavl yilona hlaka endala emzini. Okokuqala kulotshiwe umlando, sangomhla ngonyaka 1186. Nokho, eminye imithombo zithi yasungulwa ngekhulu XIII. Mhlawumbe lena akuyona usuku main njengoba ukwakhiwa wokuqala amathempeli itshe endaweni Isigodlo ezakhiwa kule minyaka 1216-1224. Lokhu kufakazelwa imibhalo eminingi. Izivakashi eziningi vakashela ngenjongo ecashile of Yaroslavl. Izikhangibavakashi, izithombe zazibona izincwajana, sabenza bakhangwa ne ubuhle bayo, ikakhulukazi - umfanekiso ngokubabazekayo sezindela izakhiwo.

Umlando sokudalwa

Ukuze unombono of indawo esiqondile yesigodlo, kubalulekile ukwazi lapho Yaroslavl kumephu yeRussia. Leli dolobha emfuleni Kotorosl, eduze ezivulekile ihlathi, futhi libhekisela izikhungo ezinkulu yamasiko-Europe. On ibhange kwesokunxele, futhi isimo Monastery e Yaroslavl lakhiwa. Ikheli le ntshisekelo .. endaweni Epiphany, njll 25. Ekuqaleni, zonke izakhiwo nezindonga zazenziwe ngokhuni. Esikhathini XIII ekhulwini Isigodlo wathola ukusekelwa Prince Constantine ka Yaroslavl, ngemiyalo yezikhulu okuyinto yayakhiwe isakhiwo itshe, ethempelini. Ngenxa Yaroslavl umbusi lapha ivule isikole zenkolo - kuphela esifundeni enyakatho mpumalanga yeRussia. Esikhathini Spassky Monastery kwaba umtapo ocebile, eyayintula ezihlukahlukene ngesiGreki, izincwadi Russian ebhalwe ngesandla. Ngakho, le ndawo isibe isikhungo kwamasiko nenkolo ka esifundeni. Ngasekuqaleni kwawo-90-yalolucwaningo kwekhulu XVIII kulapha lapho ngalendoda yezinto zakudala Alexei Ivanovich Musin-Pushkin watholakala uhlu "Lay" kuka abakwazi ukuqhosha nezinye zezindela of Yaroslavl.

incazelo jikelele

Okwamanje, isimo Monastery e Yaroslavl kuyinto isakhiwo esidala ifinyelele izinsuku zethu. Yakhiwa esisekelweni esigodlweni lokuqala esisele 1506-1516 inkathi. Leli thempeli lokuqala yabhidlika kabana umlilo 1501, ngakho-ke waphoqeleka ukuba ahlukanisa. Ibandla elisha awuzange elakhiwa ngo Yaroslavl, futhi amakhosi eMoscow, wathumela kusukela enhlokodolobha ngesiqondiso Basil III, ngoba ngaphambi ummango beya sobukhosi Prince Yaroslavl imithetho. Ifomu yezakhiwo sezindela Kuthi efanayo emabandleni eMoscow Kremlin. Leli thempeli lizungezwe Igalari izinhlangothi ezimbili, kukhona i Arcade evulekile. Igalari eyakhelwe esikhundleni evulekile "promenades", yena isikhathi eside ekhonza njengesikhonzi esishumayela isikhathi incwadi Depository ngesikhathi sezindela. Namuhla, ne archways igalari enyakatho avulwa.

Wabuka lombhishobhi kuyakhanya futhi olukhuni, zingabantu cishe elingenalo umhlobiso ngaphandle zemibukiso wangenela evela entshonalanga. Mbumbulu igcwaliswe zakomaras ezinkulu waphika design virtuoso. Three amafasitela ubude ewumngcingo yengxenye Udonga lwangaphakathi lunesithombe sobumba anemisila izintuba. Leli thempeli is ethwele izahluko ezintathu phezu omkhulu itolitji ephezulu ukukhanya, okuyinto zizungezwe izici ezincane ezintsha futhi ziboshwe phezulu amabhande arkaturno-columnar. Lokhu ezibaziweyo umhlobiso - ihlobise lombhishobhi kuphela. Ezinye izindaba zika-umhlobiso ingaphandle sezindela ufuna zilandelwe ncamashi, olukhuni, ibika kobukhulu izikhathi lapho thempeli lakhiwa. Basement lombhishobhi yayisetshenziswa njengesikhungo egumbini yokungcwaba izikhulu Yaroslavl, futhi ekupheleni kwekhulu XVII khona bangcwatshwa ngaphansi ukhomba ngophakathi. Omunye kwemizi yokuqala babenegunya elikhulu izakhiwo esigodlweni sezindela, kwaba Yaroslavl. Izikhangibavakashi - isithombe usikhombisa ukuthi - babe umphumela ukwakhiwa entsha kanye nokubuyiselwa ubudala.

ISonto Lase sezindela

Kusukela ohlangothini lokunene ye-mpumalanga yesifundazwe isimo Cathedral adjoins esontweni elikhulu eMbusweni isitayela, elakhiwa ngo-1827-1831. ngokuhambisana okusalungiswa wezakhiwo yesifundazwe Petra Yakovlevicha Pankova. It sivinjelwe ngokuphelele umbono Cathedral lasendulo ohlangothini lwaseningizimu. Ngaphambi kwale ndawo kwaba isonto elincane Ukungena laseJerusalema, yobudala efanayo lombhishobhi sokuqala. Kuyinto kuwo Kwatholakala izinsalela Yaroslavl isimangaliso abasebenzi - Holy Prince uTheodore namadodana akhe - David futhi uConstantine.

Umlilo e-1501, naye wahlupheka, kodwa hhayi kakhulu ngendlela lombhishobhi ngokwayo, ngakho sasisincane kakhulu eminyakeni engaba yikhulu, kuze, kuze kwanqunywa ukuba ngibuye ngilakhe. Isigodlo kanye nesonto nakakhulu idunyiswe izikhulu eMoscow. Ngisho Ivan Grozny yena hhayi kanye ukubavakashela. With iqhaza lakhe, leli sonto ngesineke, sezindela wagubha izipho, ngakho, kusekhona 55 isibonelelo efuze wasebukhosini.

Umbhoshongo sezindela insimbi

Ekhulwini XVI on endaweni Isigodlo kwakhiwa isicwebezelisi esivimba amanzi esikhulu, mhlawumbe, insika-efana ekuqaleni, kwakuhlangene kugalari Cathedral embhedeni. Ezansi isakhiwo isonto zihlelekile, Udonga lwangaphakathi lunesithombe sobumba yayo iyabonakala kuze kube yilolu suku, zivela empumalanga. Ngu phakathi isicwebezelisi esivimba amanzi XVI ekhulwini sanwetshwa kwakungenza travel, Okuthwesa umqhele ematendeni amabili phezulu eyenziwe ngetshe. Arches uqimba kokuqala isakhiwo kuyabonakala kuze kube manje.

Modern ukubukeka belfry wathola ekhulwini XIX, ngesikhathi esifanayo ne kokwakhiwa kwethempeli yokudumisa isimangaliso abasebenzi. Ngokwe imibono wezakhiwo PY Filipp kirkorov ke eyakhelwe uqimba wesithathu e isitayela mbumbulu Gothic. Phezulu sasibeka Rotunda elincane isitayela zakudala. Lokhu eclectic okuningi "esekhulile," yavela kithi, abe ezinkulu ephezulu liphumele eyingqopha maphakathi Yaroslavl.

Refectory

On the ingxenye esentshonalanga ye-belfry, zokweseka endaweni Isigodlo, efakwe a Refectory omkhulu sesibili nesonto Christmas. Yakhiwa ngekhulu XVI, mhlawumbe ngisho nangaphambi lombhishobhi uqobo. Maphakathi kulendlu siqukethe ivulekile One-Insika Chamber of nemengamo ngesimo useyili. It lalihloselwe reception tivakashi letihloniphekile, izinyathelo Refectory omkhulu ubuzalwane Izigodlo. I vaults futhi izindonga emakamelweni ngokucebile lihlotshiswe imidwebo. Nobuhle nokulungisa igceke, lokhu Refectory dolobha yawo kwakuyiBhabhiloni izakhiwo kangcono ngesikhathi sako. Ngakho, Ukushisa wadabula eshisayo emlilweni ekhishini, etholakala ezansi izitsha zinikezwe kusukela eqhugwaneni ngokusebenzisa kubhaklazeka wahlomisa ngokukhethekile. Phansi kwaba ekhishini kanye Umbuso Igumbi - isitoreji, kvasovarnya. Esitezi sesibili ke Kwahlelwa kanye zokuhlala. Engxenyeni esempumalanga yaleli isakhiwo ongakasetshenzwa Isonto Refectory kukaJesu. Leli thempeli encane eyayimi ku engaphansi ephakanyiswe. Kusukela entshonalanga kuya emagumbini House bajoyine li kwekhulu XVII. Izindonga baye bancishwa umhlobiso oluvelele, ngaphandle architraves elula pilasters.

ONgcwele Amasango we Monastery

Ekuqaleni kwekhulu XVI, esikhundleni sokhuni kocingo eyakhelwe isakhiwo itshe, futhi phakathi kwabo enkulu oNgcwele Gates. Ekuqaleni odongeni wasempumalanga wawuluLwandle kakhudlwana belfry, futhi manje kolayini yayo side efakwe izindlu kwabathile 1670-1790-yalolucwaningo. Ngo-1516 wakha itshe umbhoshongo izindonga lokuqala sezindela - eSangweni Elingcwele, waya lomfula Kotorosl. Ekhulwini XVII Sakhe kakhudlwana futhi Belfry, isicwebezelisi esivimba amanzi, lokhu kwaba alamu insimbi esikhethekile imiyalezo alamu, ingaphandle umbhoshongo isananyathiselwe Dhahab - uhlobo lwesakhiwo zokuzivikela, ehlanganisa emnyango ekuhlaselweni kungenzeka lesitha. Umbhoshongo ubhekwa isango layo elikhulu, futhi isango salo okukhipha endaweni eyinhloko ephathelene nokuphatha izindela. Ekuqaleni sasizungezwe ibhande toothed, walondoloza manje kuphela eningizimu. Maphakathi XVII ekhulwini ku eSangweni oNgcwele, ngaphandle kwemibhoshongo SENTINEL, wafaka Vvedenskuju Gate Church ukuphela ngesimo etendeni, okuyinto yayisivele kakhulu kabusha ekhulwini XIX, esikhundleni bakudala etendeni hipped ophahleni.

Umlando zezakhiwo

Kancane kancane (1550-1580-yalolucwaningo.) Zonke izindonga sokhuni sezindela kwathathelwa indawo itshe. Umngcele kamasipala sezindela ngaleso sikhathi okwenzeka ohlangothini olusempumalanga, lapho namuhla ngasese ahlelwe izindlu. izindonga zawo zamatshe Solid babenomusa, ngoba ngo-1609 bathuthela ukuze Yaroslavl amabutho Polish-Lithuanian. Umuzi ngokwawo waba Nokho, bavimbezela sibonga ilungiselelo bobabili we ezibiyele kanye sezindela selineminyaka dvadtsatichetyrehdnevnuyu lokuvimbezela, wahlala elinganqobeki. Ngo 1612 oNgcwele isimo Monastery ibekwe Russian abezempi izinduna Prince Dmitriya Pozharskogo kanye Umthengisi Kozma Minin. Ngemva konyaka, ngokuba ngokwawo wokugcotshwa Mikhail Romanov wafika Yaroslavl. Ukuguqulwa KukaJesu Isimo Monastery nge-honours ezihlalweni zobukhosi bethwele nemiqhele umbusi wesikhathi esizayo. Mhlawumbe lokhu kuchaza ukusekelwa eside asebukhosini Spassky Monastery.

izindlu kwabathile nokwakhiwa entsha

Ekupheleni kwe-Nezinkinga isimo Monastery e Yaroslavl indawo uyanda. Saqala ukwakha izindonga ezintsha, ifakwe imibhoshongo. Esizeni elidala odongeni empumalanga Kwakhiwani umzimba kunalokho eside namaseli (in the 1670 kanye 1690 sika.).

Lesi sakhiwo elihle kahle eyenzelwe indawo yokuhlala ntofontofo:

• Kwadingeka uhlelo Ukushisa;
• ifakwe i izitebhisi zangaphakathi:
• ifakwe elakhiwa ngo izingubo zokugqoka;
• Wawunodonga okukhiphayo ehlukile pair of amaseli ngamunye.

Endaweni ebiyelwe ka wezindela ngasinda, akubona bonke kwemibhoshongo, ezinye zazo Kamuva adiliza.

Wasinda izindawo ezilandelayo:

1. Tower kuMichael.
2. Bogoroditskaya umbhoshongo.
3. Uglich Tower.
4. Epiphany Tower.
5. ONgcwele Gates.
6. KweSango Lamanzi.

I okunye isiphetho Isigodlo

Ekhulwini XVIII Isigodlo uyekwa ngokuhambisana esinqumweni uCatherine II, ukuba ngimemezele inkolo kwamazwe isonto. Ukuguqulwa KukaJesu Isimo Monastery e Yaroslavl waba yokuhlala abakhulu ka Yaroslavl futhi Rostov. Lokuhlela Kabusha kwekhulu XIX ziye kwenziwe ngokuhambisana ukubukwa zeNdlu Bishops. esigodlweni Owabe namanje iyisonto umtapo ocebile - umtapo, wabe esevula futhi esikoleni sabefundisi. Ngalesi Yaroslavl kumephu Russia lugujwe njengoba inhlokodolobha kwamasiko.

Ezikhathini zaseSoviet, yesigodlo yavalwa. Phakathi Yaroslavl kuvukela izakhiwo eziningi bahlupheka kakhulu, kodwa futhi alungisa ngo-1920. Amathempeli amaseli Spaso-Preobrazhensky sezindela yayisetshenziswa njengesikhungo izindlu, izikole, le isosha ehhovisi lempi. Futhi kuphela 1950s kwenziwa ukubuyiselwa okuphelele, lapha kwanqunywa ukubeka Yaroslavl lomlando Architectural Museum-Reserve. He is umnikazi egcwele ngezizathu sezindela kuze kube yilolu suku. Lesi sakhiwo elikhulu umuzi odume kakhulu Yaroslavl. Ukuguqulwa KukaJesu Isimo Monastery, isithombe okuyinto uvezwa ngenhla, - isakhiwo esiyingqayizivele, okuyinto sibukeka sisihle ngempela futhi omkhulu.