Emfuleni ezinkulu nezincane e Izhevsk

Capital ezweni iziphethu, okuyinto ukuthi isimemezelo esithi Udmurtia, Izhevsk kuyinto. Umuzi lethiwa emfuleni, okuyinto yasungulwa. Yini kubizwa ngokuthini? Yimaphi amanye mifula igeleza idlule insimu ka Izhevsk? Izinto eziza kuqala.

ulwazi olujwayelekile mayelana idolobha

Ekhulwini XVIII isimo Russian wahola inqubomgomo angaphandle asebenzayo futhi kwakudingeka bayibutho eqinile kahle. Kule ndaba, siye ayenziwa izindawo Ephakathi Urals, lapho bebehlala khona wathola idiphozithi yanoma magnetite. Ukwakhiwa izitshalo ezintsha ngaphansi kokuqondisa engineer izimayini Alexey Moskvin.

It Moskvin zikhonjwe sifinyelela ongenhla emfuleni Izh, kamuva kwavela imboni isiphetho, bese emzini Izhevsk. Kama River kuyinto km 40 kule ndawo. I abasondelana lezi nemifula odlale indima ebalulekile ekhetha indawo ye ukwakhiwa komuzi esizayo. It yasungulwa ngo-1760

Ngo izinkathi ezahlukene zomlando zomuzi lalibizwa ehlukile. Ekuqaleni, kusukela 1760 kuya 1918 Wabizwa nje "Izhevsk isitshalo." Kusukela ngo-1918 kuya ku-1984. Wayelethwa efakwe ohlwini Izhevsk. Ngenkathi "yokwakha kabusha", kafushane, kusukela ngo-1984 kuya ku-1987 Kwaba Ustinov. Kusukela 1987 kuze kube namuhla usuku, idolobha waphinda yigama elidala.

Manje sesiyazi ukuthi umfula e Izhevsk anikwa umuzi igama layo. Sibheke emfuleni Izh ngokuningiliziwe.

Umfula ngobukhulu e Izhevsk

kwavela igama Iz umfula kusuka ngolimi lwesiTatar. Ngokusho Isi-Udmurt waqamba Oӵ (JJJ). Imvelaphi yalezi amagama amabili - Iz futhi Oӵ, kanye nendlela anebudlelwano, akucaci kahle kuze kube manje.

Iz kuyinto owumthelela kwesokudla eMfuleni Kama futhi kugeleza insimu ka-republic amabili - Tatarstan futhi Udmurtia.

Ukuzalwa kwayo enendawo ukuze uhlangane le Iza Greater futhi Lesser. Umsuka le mifula zitholakala kwelinye Isi-Udmurt imizana Oshvortsy emngceleni emikhandlwini emibili - Igra futhi Yakshur-Bodyinsky. Ngo-1978, umfula wawukade isihloko lesikhumbuzo zemvelo esikalini yesifunda ye-republic yaseTatarstan.

Ogelezayo ukusuka enyakatho kuya eningizimu, Iz agelezela River Kama angu 120 emlonyeni wayo, esemgwaqweni ezonini uzamcolo we Kama Reservoir. abakule ndawo okuthathwe kuyo Its 8510 sq. km.

Umthelela ukuthuthukiswa kohlelo emfuleni sendawo umuzi

Isidingo ukudala ethize izakhiwo wokubacindezela emfuleni Izh bathonya ezindawo komuzi kusakhiwa. It lamiswao edamini enamandla. Kanye ngobuningi Ubude baso imayelana 600 metres, ububanzi - 47 metres, ukuphakama - 8.5 amamitha. Ngokuhamba edamini kwakhiwa ezinkulukazi usayizi echibini (ubude - 11.4 km ubude - cishe 2.5 km), okuyinto evame lithathwe njengendlela echibini.

Konke lokhu ezanquma esezithuthukiswe. Izhevsk welulela, njengoba besho, nasemagqumeni eziyisikhombisa. izinguquko ekuphakameni ezisukela amamitha angu-98 210 ngaphezu kogu lolwandle.

Izakhiwo zokuqala zezimboni yayakhiwa ibhange kwesokudla ephansi amanga Iza, ngokushesha ngemuva edamini. Ngakwesokunxele yasebhange okusezingeni eliphezulu kwaba imenenja ekhaya endaweni yokukhanda. Benziwa imigqa emibili ekwakheni idolobha esizayo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, badabula leyo ndawo komuzi kuthatha eziningi neminye imifula encane, futhi kukhona mayelana 50 iziphethu abasafufusa kwamanzi. Ephakeme ingxenye lalowo muzi kwathiwa bangaveziwe waterlogging, ngokungafani kuya ongaphakeme-amanga Zarek ukuthi uma amanzi okusezingeni eliphezulu Ugcwalise emfuleni Izhevsk. City kusukela ekusungulweni yayo iye, wawukhona isithiyo yamanzi ezimbili. Namuhla lezi zingxenye ukuxhuma amabhuloho ezintathu.

Imithombo yamanzi Izhevsk

Njengoba sekushiwo, Imifula eminingi Izhevsk yisisekelo amanzi nemithombo yawo. Bathatha endaweni efanele endaweni ezisemadolobheni. Akuwona wonke Umuzi ngizibonge emfuleni inethiwekhi elikhulu kangaka.

Bangaki imifula Izhevsk? Impendulo yalo mbuzo iyathakazelisa eziningi. 22 Izhevsk emfuleni amagama abo siqu. Umhlangano omkhulu kunayo yonke kubo - emfuleni Izh. ubude kuyinto 259 km, futhi Izhevsk - 35 km. Kulandelwe umfula (kusuka kwezinkulu kwehle ubude):

• Pozim (e Isi-Udmurt Poӟym) - ngomfula owumthelela kwesokunxele emfuleni Izh ubude 52 km, i-egeleza ka Pervomaisky esifundeni Izhevsk.
• Luc (39 km) - kwesokudla inflow Iza, okuyizinto umthombo odakeni elise entshonalanga Izhevsk.
• Muzhvayka noma Pyrohivka (obuphelele 38 km).
• Pazelinka.
• Karlutka.
• Igermanka.
• Starkovka.
• Lyullinka.
• Lamshurka.
• Robin.
• Chemoshurka.
• Orlovka.
• Tonkovka.
• Creek Samaphayona.
• Sepych.
• Chumoyka, futhi eziningi imifula nemifudlana ngaphandle iziqu.

Ukudoba - omunye imisebenzi ozithandayo kwezakhamuzi Izhevsk

Izhevsk emfuleni eyenza bona izakhamuzi ukuchitha yokuzilibazisa isikhathi sabo bedoba. Lena enye yezinhlobo ezingu imisebenzi ozithandayo kakhulu phakathi izakhamuzi zendawo. Bangaphezu kuka-29 nezinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezingu bahlale imifula imizimba amanzi omuzi nasezindaweni ezizungezile. Phakathi kwabo, Sturgeon, Sturgeon, whitefish, carp, bream, chub, ide, ongenathemba, chub nabanye. Izibambiso kukhona Salmonidae ivelakancane - salmon ezimhlophe, trout, ezisohlwini Red Encwadi Udmurtia. Lezi zinhlobo izinhlanzi baphakathi eqolo, hhayi kuphela e esifundeni kodwa futhi Russia iyonke.

Eminyakeni yamuva, phakathi nezilwane Inhlanzi, izinhlobo ezintsha zezinto eziphilayo koda, ezifana rotan, inhlanzi-inaliti charhalskaya sprat nxazonke goby. Ngakho, ezihlukahlukene izinhlanzi izinsiza kwandisa.