I Uphenyo Isikhala "Voyager" noma uhambo esikhaleni interstellar

I Uphenyo Isikhala "Voyager 2" wethulwa August 20, 1977. Emasontweni amathathu kamuva, ke wethulwa umfowabo ayiwele naye nenani 1. Nokuthi waba nenhlanhla ukuba abe wokuqala emhlabeni mkhathi, okuyinto wakwazi ukunqoba imingcele sonozungezilanga. Yiqiniso, ezihlukahlukene izibonakude nedatha ukucutshungulwa esiteshini ikuvumela ukubona konke okwenzekayo endaweni kude Earth. Kodwa manje ososayensi nethuba baqoqe okuningi.

ukusebenzisa umqondo "Voyager"

Ngasekupheleni kwawo-60-yalolucwaningo. kwekhulu leminyaka elidlule, iSoviet Union ne-United States ukukhuthalele ukuncintisana nomunye ngokuya izindiza oya enyangeni bese ufaka orbit kule planethi. Kamuva, lapho sekumcacela ukuthi ukuhlanganyela yomuntu emncintiswaneni ukuthuthukiswa yonke kuyingozi kakhulu, ososayensi badlulela ukuthuthukiswa amadivayisi, ukuphatha sasilokhu.

Ngokwesibonelo, isikhala imikhumbi nabantu ngaphakathi ayikwazi zokusondelana Venus, futhi nakakhulu - umhlaba phezu kwamanzi. Kukhona emisebeni kakhulu futhi ashisa kakhulu. Kodwa idatha emhlabeni uyokwazi ukuba babuthane irobhothi nge umsebenzi zako. Ngakho umqondo wokuba kwethulwa uhlelo oluthi "Amaphayona", futhi ngemva kwawo, "Voyager".

Umgomo we abacwaningi kwaba okufanayo - ukuqoqa idatha ku isikhala umzimba ethile, noma kungaba netshe elisemkhathini noma giant igesi. Yilokho isikhala probe "Voyager" kwaba ukufunda amaplanethi ezikude ukusuka eMhlabeni. umqondo Ukhonkolo kungani konke lokhu kuyadingeka ukuze abantu, akukho. Kodwa-ke kungenzeka ukuthi amadivayisi uzothola izinto ewusizo kodwa engase ilethwe Earth ukuze zisetshenziswe esikhathini esizayo. Ngokuvamile, "Voyager" yakhelwe ukuhlola ezindaweni ezithe ukuqhela sonozungezilanga.

Lasekuqaleni Ukuthunywa Space Explorers

Uphenyo-1 Voyager isikhala, njengoba ngempela futhi Voyager-2, kwaba iphrojekthi sasivumela ezibizayo. Yingakho indlela yokuqala off eshibhile "Amaphayona". Zafakazela ukuthi ibhande elisemkhathini ukuyinqoba kungenzeka, futhi ngaphandle umonakalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho sathola khona ukuthi Jupiter akuyona Luhambo engahlula kazibuthe kanye nemikhumbi izophela kuye.

I "Pioneer" lokuqala isivele ifinyelele Saturn ngesikhathi wethula "Voyager". Babefanele imigomo emibili eyinhloko:

1. Hlola konke okwenzekayo ngemuva ibhande elisemkhathini ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze ubuyele ku-isikhala.
2. Thumela umlayezo nakwezinye izizwe uma nje behlangabezana nalezi endleleni.

It kudingeka siyinake ngokukhethekile umsebenzi wesibili. Ukuqalisa ke ngendlela ngesakhiwo digital kumadivayisi babe idatha mayelana Earth, umlando wesintu uye ukubingelela eqoshiwe ngezilimi eziningi. Kukhona futhi izithombe kwi disc igolide ngaphambili nakwezinye izizwe balethwe impumelelo yangempela isayensi Umhlaba, hhayi izimpawu bakudala. Kodwa kwazi bani ukuthi yini ukuthi yafinyelela umyalezo.

Likuphi umngcele sonozungezilanga?

Eqinisweni izinhloso zayo main Uphenyo Isikhala "Voyager" azenzile iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20 edlule. Kwathi lapho Voyager-2 lidlule Neptune sidediselwe kude kuye ngoba 40 eziyinkulungwane. Km. Kodwa, Isimanga siwukuthi, imikhumbi emibili wabe, isikhathi ngasinye ukuthumela Emhlabeni kabanzi futhi idatha eningi. Kwacaca ukuthi amafoni ngokushesha noma kamuva unqobe yesimiso sonozungezilanga, kodwa akekho owazi ngokuthé ngqo ukuthi luyokwenzeka. Lokhu kwafeza indima kanye, nokuthi eqinisweni, akukho usosayensi ayikwazanga ngokunembile ukunquma umngcele walo.

Labanye baphikisana ukuthi "Voyager 1" kwesokunxele yesimiso sonozungezilanga eminye iminyaka 300 noma ngaphezulu. Umphumela ungaba ukuphahlazekelwa ukuthi isikhala doti, uthuli nemisebe sula iyunithi lube impuphu. Iqiniso ukuthi ekuqaleni, ngemva kokunqoba lo Neptune, imikhumbi waqala sokuhudula izinyawo lesi. Kodwa kamuva kwathi nalesi sikhathi, kuze kufike ibanga eLangeni ayikwazi ukukhiqiza amandla ngokuqhubekayo futhi iyafuneka. Ngakho ukuthi iphenya ukuqhubeka indlela.

Izikhathi eziningana abezindaba, wabika ukuthi "Voyager" ewela yesimiso sonozungezilanga, kodwa ososayensi inqatshelwe idatha. Kwakungenxa nje ngo-2012, umshini okuthunyelwa Earth ukuthi usathola imisebe yelanga ukuze athole amandla, kodwa manje bangibonile esikhundleni Galactic. Lokhu kwaba ubufakazi bokuthi iphenya noma eduze isikhala interstellar, noma kuwo.

Ngakho, hhayi kuphela bakwazi ukuthumela "Abagibeli babewenzela" angaphezu isimiso sonozungezilanga - manje ukuthi uyazi lapho umngcele isikhala interstellar.

idatha yamanje ku mkhathi

Uma unamathela nemithetho ye physics, akunakwenzeka ukuthi Uphenyo Isikhala "Voyager 1" kwesokunxele zesimiso sonozungezilanga. Iqiniso lokuthi insimu yalo, ngokusho Ukwaziswa kwesayensi, ophela lapho eyeka emkhakheni okudonsa lale nkanyezi. Ngakho, ubukhulu uhlelo - futhi 125.000. e. Ngokuqondene iphenya, bashiya 129 kuphela. e. Nokho, uma esikhundleni kwelanga amadivayisi bamba Galactic cosmic, likhuluma ngokuphela ekupheleni ezibonakalayo sonozungezilanga.

Ngokusho idatha zamanje, ososayensi bayakwazi ukulawula navigation system "Voyager". Futhi lokhu uzoqhubeka kwaze kwaba seminyakeni engu 2025-2030. Khona-ke uphenyo iwukuba asuke iplanethi kude ukuze ukuxhumana nawo nje evala. Ngakho, umsebenzi wokugcina, bazokwazi ukwenza, uku umbiko nakwezinye izizwe lwesintu, idatha, izixhumanisi Zomhlaba kanye ezingeni ukuthuthukiswa.

Uphi "Voyager 1" manje?

Namuhla, abacwaningi abaye baqhubeka irekhodi ibanga ukusuka Umhlaba, hhayi ukudlula noma iyiphi enye idivayisi ifinyelele amabanga afanayo. I Uphenyo Isikhala "Voyager 1" 19 bhiliyoni ukusuka emhlabeni. Ukuze uthole imininingwane emisha, ososayensi kudingeke balinde amahora angu 17-18. Yilokho singakanani isikhathi kuthatha ukuthola isiginali kusuka iyunithi. Ngakho, reverse navigation izixazululo Ngeke kwamukeleke ngendlela efanayo njengoba okusezingeni eliphezulu.

Kuyinto engenakwenzeka ukuba aqambe zonke izenzakalo ne iphenya kulezi kutholakala ulwazi olusha yesayensi, njengoba bakwazi adlula "kuyinsakavukela". Benza lokho okwenziwa ososayensi kungukuthi ayebala ngisho. Yingakho mission kososayensi akukhona ukuthi kubaluleke kuphela abasebenzi NASA - kwaba isifundazwe sonke isintu.

isiphetho

Isici esiyinhloko kokubili "Voyager" wukuthi basebenza isikhathi eside kunokulindelekile. Futhi namhlanje akekho ongasho ngokuqondile ukuthi bazosebenzisa liziphathe kusasa. Kungenzeka ukuthi izizukulwane ezizayo bazokwazi ukuthola idatha emayelana Sirius. Kodwa awukwazi ukuphika kungenzeka ukuthi imishini umane zastynut isendleleni, njengoba usathola amandla.

Kafushane, izimfihlakalo isikhala probe we "Voyager" zingaxazululwa kuphela by the inzalo abantu yesimanje. Futhi ubani owazi, mhlawumbe bethule lezi ukuthuthukiswa ukufohla wendawo yonke kubonakale lasekuqaleni. Kodwa kungenzeka ukuthi "Voyager" kuzovula imfihlakalo entsha.