Ekuveta sitayela

Isikhova i-great Russian umhlaziyi tetemibhalo, udokotela wesayensi philological, Viktor Vladimirovich Vinogradov wathi isitayela: "The isitayela uhlobo esivelele ucwaningo ulimi, ngesisekelo theory sokuthuthukiswa esikweni lesizwe ngezwi eliyingqayizivele." Muva nje, singakwazi ukubona isimo kakhulu: sibonga izindlela ezihlukahlukene ulwazi isethulo ngokushesha ekhelini ukwahlukanisa isitayela. Lesi sitayela esephepheni, futhi isitayela zomlando, futhi isitayela umbhalo, nokuningi. Nokho, kucatshangwa ukuthi isitayela isayensi kuhlanganisa ezindaweni ezine eziyinhloko:

1. isitayela ukuba nekhono lokukhuluma - isitayela sayo, ukuhlola izici yokukhuluma indalo kwezobuciko, imininingwane yesithombe wenhlangano etemibhalo kanye nesitayela self-kombhali yokubhala izimbongi.

2. isitayela wezakhiwo (obizwa nangokuthi isitayela ulimi) - okubonisa, uchaza futhi icacisa ubuhlobo phakathi kwesimiso ezihlukahlukene ngokuvumelana amafomu siqu amazwi, izinhlelo amazwi futhi imigqa ngaphakathi ulimi iyunithi design, okubizwa ngokuthi "isimiso izinhlelo." Uhlola ukubukwa ekushintsheni noma ukuthambekela kwengqondo izitayela ulimi, has a isethi eyingqayizivele izimfanelo.

3. stylistics Functional (stylistics izinhlobo kwekusetjentiswa kwelulwimi) - isitayela ukwahlukanisa ukutadisha izitayela sokusebenza.

4. stylistics Olungokoqobo (osetshenziswayo) - uhlola ukusetshenziswa lelawula izinsiza ngokolimi , futhi ubangela nokuvimbela izinhlobo ezahlukene amaphutha ebhaliwe kanye nezwi.

Izilimi zona ngokwazo uhlelo ehlanganisa amazinga, ezifana silulumagama, amafonethiki, phonology, morphology,-syntax futhi emayunithi elulwimi (kusukela komncane kuya ezinkulu, okungukuthi umsindo, ubiza leli qoqo lezinhlamvu, izwi, njll)

Njengoba isitayela bokubeka inkulumo kanye mpendulo ihlola indlela ekhululekile e ubugagu. Isici esibalulekile isitayela (futhi kungakho mpendulo) kubhekwa siphethe ngokuthini ngemfundiso yokuthi izibalo kanye tropes yokukhuluma ngokuthi "inkulumo imihlobiso" izindlela.

Izifenqo - izindlela yokukhuluma, ngokusekelwe Ukuqhathanisa amayunithi, kuhlela kabusha umbhalo, okungukuthi: i-contrast, ukuqhathanisa, imvumelwano, ellipsis, ukuphindaphinda, oxymoron, njll

Trop - isifenqo lapho le nkulumo isetshenziswe ngokomfanekiso libhekisela esiphezulu Inkulumo senkondlo.

Konke uvezwa ngenhla ihlanganisa amagama amabili - temasu ekusetjentiswa kwelulwimi.

temasu ekusetjentiswa kwelulwimi - lena umuntu isici imfundo kwezilimi umbhalo obonisa indlela ekhethekile kokubekela tematheksthi lakhetsiwe ngumlobi ukuba sibonise esinembile sempilo yalelozwe ayo futhi ukudluliselwa.

Ngenxa imiphumela yocwaningo kombhalo, kwatholakala ukuthi ifonotiki-Imphimiso ezingeni imiklamo kukhona inkulumo ebalulekile elandelayo temasu ekusetjentiswa kwelulwimi: paronomasia, sifanankhamisa, wokuphicaphicana ngamagama nezinombolo, palindrome, antonomasia, izinhlamvu zokuzikhumbuza.

Kuyadingeka ukuba uqaphele ukuthi lowo temasu ekuveta sitayela izindlela ekhululekile kolimi - yizinto ezimbili ezahlukene.

Hlaziya izinkondlo nezici zendlela yokubhala ka temibhalo yephrozi netindzaba umlobi odumile.

Isibonelo esimangalisayo - indaba ezihlekisayo of Anton laseChekhov - "The Avengers." Umyeni yoca umkakhe emi esitolo isibhamu bese ukhetha isibhamu efanelekayo. Uyacabanga eyodwa kuphela kwezintathu yalowo ezintathu zokubulala, kuhlanganise nokubulawa abantu bekhabo. Zonke kubonisani enkingeni, kodwa ekugcineni, ngemva kokucabanga okuningi, yena othenga inetha ekubambeni izigwaca. Uzungu lapha akakwazi ngokuthi incane noma inkulu nkomoni. AmaCzech namaRomany kulokhu wasebenzisa temasu ekusetjentiswa kwelulwimi.

ekuveta sitayela izincwadi ngesiRashiya futhi angaphandle, ingafeza lukhulu ekwakheni umfanekiso umkhiqizo, ukuthi - emise futhi "gqamisa" lokucuketfwe ngekwako.