EJalimane. Amaminerali kanye nokukhululeka

I-Germany yizwe elithuthukisiwe kakhulu eYurophu. Lokhu kwafezwa, kuyilapho kungekho amaminerali amaningi kuleli zwe, ngesisekelo esingaba khona ukudala ukukhiqizwa okukhulu.

Ukukhulula

Yizici zendawo ezibalulekile ekuqalisweni noma ukungabi nemithombo yemvelo. Izici zokusiza eJalimane namaminerali zihlobene kakhulu. Izwe lingahlukana ngezifunda ezintathu ezihlukene. Enyakatho yizindawo eziphansi ezakhiwe ngemva kwesikhathi lapho iminyaka eyizinkulungwane eziningana khona khona kwakukhona i-glacier enkulu kule ndawo. Kukhona ama-ores amaningi kakhulu. Izwe eliphansi libizwa ngokuthi iNorth German. Kunezinqwaba eziningi ezikuyo, okwakhiwa emva kokuqhaqha kweqhwa. Amadwala e-sedimentary akha emathafeni ase-tundra. Ngasentshonalanga kwalesi sifundazwe kwakukhona amachibi amaningi kanye nemifula ne-peat. Kodwa-ke, umsebenzi wezomnotho womuntu wamakhulu eminyaka uye wabangela ekudaleni nasekukhwanyeni kwabo.

Maphakathi nezwe, ama-foothills aqala, adlula e-Alps eningizimu, eduze nomngcele waseSwitzerland, lapho iJalimane iphetha khona. Amaminerali lapha akhonjiswa yizinsimbi ezihlukahlukene.

Igesi namafutha

Lena yingxenye encane yemithombo kazwelonke. IJalimane, amaminerali abo asezindaweni ezihlukene zezwe, inezinqolobane eziphansi zamafutha namafutha. Inani elitholakalayo alanele ukuthunyelwa phesheya. Lena ngamasimu angu-90 kagesi namasimu angu-130 amafutha. Bahlakazeka ezindaweni ezingaphambi kwe-Alpine kanye ne-Rhine basin. Njalo ngonyaka ukuthuthuka kuncishisiwe, njengoba izwe libheke emithonjeni ehlukile yamandla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukudalwa kwemigodi emikhulu nokucubungula izakhiwo ngeke kuhlawule uma kuthuthukiswa inani elincane lalezi zinsiza.

Ama-Ore Minerals

Imithombo yokusiza kanye nezamaminerali eJalimane ihlobene kakhulu. Lokhu kubonakala ikakhulukazi emithini ye-ore mined, ikakhulukazi insimbi. Ngokuphelele zihanjiswe ngesimo sama-deposit angu-44 ezindaweni ezihlukahlukene zezwe. Kubampofu eYurophu, lokhu kuyinani elikhulu kakhulu. Zesibili kuphela e-Ukraine, Great Britain naseSweden. E-Lower Saxony kukhona indawo ye-orogenesis, ngenxa yokuthi kunezinsiza ezihlukahlukene zemvelo.

Ukuhola kanye ne-zinc ngemali ebalulekile itholakala eSaxony, ngokuqondile, eFréiberg eduze nomngcele neCzech Republic naseMadolobheni aseSudeten. Ama-polymetallic deposits - ezindaweni ezinkulu zezimboni eduze nezintaba zeHarz. Ezindaweni ezihamba phambili, igolide, i-rubidium, i-indium nesiliva kuvame ukutholakala. Lena impendulo yombuzo wokuthi yiziphi amaminerali acebile eJalimane.

Eningizimu nasentshonalanga yeSaxony kunezinsalela ze-silicate ne-potassium. IJalimane, imithombo yazo yemvelo ihlukaniswe kakhulu futhi idlulile, ngokuphambene nalokho, ingumholi weYurophu nezwe lesithathu emhlabeni.

Ama-ores e-Copper atholakala esifundeni seSaar nase-Westphalia, lapho ama-deposits asetshenziswe khona amashumi eminyaka. Emagqumeni aseHarz, le nsimbi isatshalaliswa ngenxa yamatshe amakhulu nesigcawu sezethusi, lapho iJalimane icebile khona. Amaminerali kulesi sifundazwe aphezulu.

Fluorite

I-Harz, iThringen Forest kanye neVogtland nazo zicebile nge-barite ne-fluorite. Zisetshenziswa ku-metallurgy njenge-flux ukwenza i-slag ephansi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinga eliphakeme le-fluorine ne-aluminium lenziwa nge-fluorite ekukhiqizeni kwamakhemikhali. Lokhu futhi kuyisici esibalulekile ekukhiqizeni izakhi ze-ceramics, njengoba kuyadingeka ekwenzeni ama-glazes nama-enamel. Ngaphandle kwe-fluorite, i-optics ayikwazi ukwenza, lapho kuyadingeka khona ukukhiqizwa kwamalensi.

Ngokwezinsiza ezingokwemvelo ezingavamile, kufanelekile ukukhuluma nge-uranium. Kubonakala lapha ngenxa yeziphopho ezakhiwe ngesikhathi sokuqala se-Precambrian naseCretaceous. Ucebile eJalimane, amaminerali awo aseBavaria naseNtshonalanga yehlathi.

Amalahle

Ama-schist wamalahle namalahle asetshenziselwe amakhulu eminyaka abantu basekhaya befuna izidingo zomnotho. Lokhu kubangelwa nokuthi imithombo yemvelo eminyakeni yamuva iqala ukwehla, kanti okusele kukhona ukujula okukhulu. Noma kunjalo, eJalimane, izindawo eziningana zendabuko zemayini yamalahle zisasetshenziswa ngokugcwele. Lona yi-Lower Saxony kanye nesitsha esiseNingizimu Lower Rhine. Ngenxa yokwenzeka okujulile kwemithombo, ukukhishwa kwabo kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ngoba amasimu atholakalayo kakade asethuthukile. Isibonelo, amalahle aseSaxon alele ekujuleni kwamamitha angaba ngu-300, okungafani kakhulu nama-indices avamile embonini.

Endaweni yaseDresden naseCottbus kukhona ama-deposit alahlekile. Ngokungafani "nomunye" itshe, le nsiza iqukethe ikhabhoni namanzi amaningi. Itshisa kangcono futhi inika umusi omkhulu kakhulu. Isetshenziswe njengotshani. Ngokusho kochwepheshe, imiqulu ekhona izoqhubeka iminyaka engu-600.

I-oil shale yendawo isetshenziselwa ukukhipha amafutha we-kerogen. Ikhiqizwa ngezenzo ezishisayo. Eminyakeni yamuva, umthamo wokukhipha lezi zinsiza kukhula, ngoba kulandela - ikusasa lezinhlobo eziningi zembonini nokukhiqiza.